Youth Education – Global Trends, Policies and

Challenges

Workshop on Youth and Inclusive Citizenship (New Delhi, India, 8-10 September 2014)

Rika Yorozu -- r.yorozu@unesco.org1

Mission:To promote the recognition of and create the conditions for the exercise of the right to education and learning

Mandate: Lifelong Learning with a focus on adult and continuing education, literacy and non-formal basic education

Activities: uil.unesco.org

1 Trends

2 Policies

3 Challenges3

YOUTH EDUCATION

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POPULATION

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Youth bulge

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EDUCATION

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Out of school adolescents

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Youth literacy rate

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WORK

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Youth unemploymentrate 2013

Source: ILO 2014

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Youth unemployment rate projections

Source: ILO 2013

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Youth Employment- Developing Countries -

ILO : A generation at risk: Global employment trends for youth 2013

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SOCIAL

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Factors of vulnerability

Religious, social and community identity

Family’s socio-economic status

Education level and literacy skills

Physical and medical

conditions

Gender

URBAN RURAL

POST-

CONFLICT

1 Trends

2 Policies

3 Challenges17

YOUTH EDUCATION

United Nations

• International Youth Day: 12 August• UN World Programme for Action on Youth• World Youth Report

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UNESCO Operational Strategy on Youth

• 2014-2021 (previous one: 1998 UNESCO Strategy for and with youth)

• Axis of operation:

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Latin America

Eighth general goal. To offer all individuals lifelong educational opportunities• Employment for

graduates of TVET• Access to education for

those with greatest disadvantage and needs

• Increase participation in class-based and remote learning for further training

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EU Youth Strategy for 2010-18

Findings on policy environment

• No clarity on stakeholder involvement • Agencies responsible for formulation and for

implementation are not the same• Monitoring and evaluation are not clearly defined

• Most policies have similar objectives for employment for better health for active citizenship

1 Trends

2 Policies

3 Challenges24

YOUTH EDUCATION

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Challenges

Source: http://childrenyouth.org/about/who-we-are/

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Youth-less Development is Useless Development?

• Individuals (who are under 30)

• Organisations (who are led by young people under 30)

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UNESCO Online Youth Communityhttp://www.wsis-community.org/pg/groups/809448/

Contact: Youth@unesco.org

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Youthink! World Bank bloghttp://blogs.worldbank.org/youthink/

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• What? mobile app makers for sustainable development• By whom? UNESCO and IT partners (i.e. The MASH Project in India, FOSSASIA in Vietnam)• For whom? By youth and youth organizations• What does it offer? Access to software, training materials, mobile app competitions• More information : http://www.youthmobile.org/

Five stages of transition

learning after

primary school age

starting a productive working life

adopting a healthy lifestyle

forming a family

exercising citizenship

Socio-cultural context Life circumstances

Education is key in preparing youth for transition stages

formal informal non-formal

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Learning outside the school

• EU Validation of non-formal and informal learning (2009)

• OECD Recognition of Non-Formal and Informal Learning (2010)

• UNESCO Guidelines for the Recognition, Validation and Accreditation of the Outcomes of Non-formal and Informal Learning (2012)

Youth Matters

• Target a specific group of young people

• Recognise reasons for vulnerability

• Not “stand-alone” • Integrate basic

education + vocational skills + life skills

• Effective partnerships with a variety of stakeholders

• Involve learners at different stages

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Community Matters

• Engaging youth in community learning centres As managers As volunteers As learners

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Curriculum : http://www.unesco.org/education/tlsf

Curriculum: Youth PATHUNESCO Kingston: Carribean Countries• Expected use: Ministries

of Tourism, Youth Development, Culture and for Non-Governmental and Community Based Organizations to design projects in collaboration with and for young people to engage them in the conservation, development and management of natural and cultural heritage tourism sites.

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And more:

• Another way to learn (UNESCO 2007)– Country case studies, many from LAC

• Community Youth Mapping (USAID 2011)

• Girls’ education, empowerment and transitions to adulthood (International Center for Research on Women 2012)