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A lean and flexible BRT Concept
- the Kampala Case
Eric TrelProject Manager
Why Bus Rapid Transit?
• High-frequent mass transport
• Large buses
• Separate bus lanes
• Fast
• Attractive & safe
• Affordable
• Cost-effective
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168 Cities with Bus Rapid Transit
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56
4324
3
35
7
Curritiba, 1974Sao Paulo, 1980Santiago, 1991Bogotá, 2000
Istanbul, 2007Lagos, 2008
Johannesburg, 2009Cape Town, 2011
Jakarta, 2004Tehran, 2007
New Delhi, 2008Guangzhou, 2010
Present Situation in Kampala
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Main challenge
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2022: 5.8million
2012: 3.2 million
Kampala population growth 5.7% per year = 660 per day
Transport needCongestion
Greenhouse Gases
How to keep the city accessible?
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0
1,600
3,000
6,000
9,000
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
10,000
Parked car Private car Motorcycle 12m bus 18m bus
Passengers per hour per lane
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Bogotá
UATP October 2014 A lean and flexible BRT concept - the Kampala case 8
Istanbul
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Guangzhou
BRT concept: closed or open?
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Open system with direct services
Closed system with trunk line, feeder lines
and interchange stations
BRT concept: closed or open?
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Closed Open
Example Bogotá Guangzhou
Network Trunk lines + feeders Direct services
Stations High centre
platforms
Low side
platforms
Fleet Dedicated Standard
Ticket validation On the stations On the station or
when boarding
Other facilities No difference
BRT Concept for Greater Kampala
Infrastructure
• Dedicated bus lanes in the centre of the road
• Stations with side platforms
• Redesign and signalling of all major junctions
• One-way traffic in the city centre
Operation
• Articulated low-floor buses (18m)
• Electronic Ticketing System
• Passenger Information System
• Fleet Management System
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BRT Corridor (25km)
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BRT 1 Bwaise - Kireka
BRT 2 Kireka - Zana
BRT 3 Bwaise- Zana
Bus Rapid TransitGreater Kampala
City Centre
Challenges
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HIGH • Capacity• Speed• Tech
LOW • Subsidy• Land acquisition
and also • Manage traffic
High capacity
18m long articulated low-floor buses
In peak periods: 60 vehicles/hour
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High speed
Optimal distance between stations: 600 – 800mOperating speed excl. delays: 20-23 km/h
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High tech
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ITS Operation
Control Center
Back Office
Passenger Information
Information at stopsInformation on board
CCTV
CCTV at stops
Fleet Management
Vehicle Tracking
GPS GPRS
Electronic Ticketing
Turnstiles at stops
Ticket booths at stops
Station Design
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Station Design
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Station ShelterExample
Traffic management
• Complete redesign of the right-of-way
• Separate bays for parking, loading & unloading
• Key junctions: traffic lights and separate lane for right-turns
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Roundabouts replaced by signalled junctions
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Roundabouts are modified and turned into signalled junctions, in order to
• maximise and control the priority given to the BRT,
• avoid a gridlock on the roundabout,
• provide pedestrian crossings.
One-way traffic in the City centre
One-way traffic helps to
• Manage traffic flows at the key junctions
• Calm the traffic in the city centre
• Optimize capacity within limited space
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Meetings with affected people and businesses
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Organisation
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Transport Authority
• Procure & manage BRT infrastructure• Procure & manage BRT operation
• Manage transition of the present operators• Public communication
Perspective for the existing minibus operators
• Growing popula�on → growing market for public transport.
• BRT and minibuses have complementary roles. Minibuses can feeder to the BRT and serve the suburbs.
• Avoid non-productive competition.
• Step-by-step transition and regulation.
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Regulating the public transport market
• Move minibus stations to the BRT terminals and the suburbs.
• Introduce transport concessions that offer operators – a stable business
– access to commercial credit
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Lessons learned
1. No copy-paste: transport problems are universal, but culture and circumstances differ per country.
2. The business case for operation should drive the main design choices.
3. Main stakeholders drive the consultation process and project planning.
4. Introducing BRT requires redesigning the entire corridor, including traffic lanes, parking, cycling lanes, junctions and signalling.
5. Political will and institutional arrangements are the keys to success.
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