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BT BRINJAL

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PRESENTED BYVIRENDERMSC CBB 1ST SEM. CUHP13CBB23

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Definition

What does Bt stand for? Bt stands for Bacillus thuringiensis, which is a

natural soil bacteria, which secretes a toxin that is deadly to two pests - shoot borer (FSB, Leucinodes orbonalis) and fruit borer (Helicoverpa armigera).

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WHY WE NEED BT BRINJAL NO NATURAL RESISTANCE IN GERMPLASM. LIMITED ACCESS WITH TRADITIONAL

MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES, HUGE USE OF PESTICIDES RESULTS IN: DEVELOPMENT OF RESISTANCE IN INSECTS. HARMFUL EFFEECTS ON ENVIRONMENT,

HEALTH OF FARMER AND CONSUMERS. BT BRNJAL HAS POTENTIAL TO PROVIDE

ECONOMIC AND HEALTH BENIFITS.3

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Bt brinjal

brinjal

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DEFINITION

The Bt brinjal is a transgenic brinjal created by inserting a crystal protein gene (Cry1Ac) from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis into the genome of various brinjal cultivars. These Brinjal plantare found to be resistance against harmful insects.

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DefinitionWhat is a genetic modification?

Insertion of Bt gene in the

Brinjal genetic code

Produce the Bt Toxin to kill the pest

But is only the gene introduced? No, a PROMOTER and an antibiotic resistance MARKER

GENE are also introduced!6

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Definition BT Gene insertion

A BT modified brinjal has a BT gene inserted, along with a promoter element(Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMV) promoter)

The promoter is so powerful that it keeps the BT gene expression turned on at full volume at all times in BT Brinjal!

This could lead to metabolic stress as the plant has to keep producing this toxin despite the external conditions.

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Definition BT Gene insertion

A BT modified brinjal has a BT gene inserted, along with a promoter element(Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMV) promoter)

ACTGTCTATGTA + TACGTATAATGGTAGATTTATATGGG

TAACTGTCTATGTACGTATAATGGTAGATTTATATGGG

INSERTION POINT

GENEPromoterBT Gene

Promoter

BT Gene

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INSERTION OF GENE

The insertion is carried out using an mobile microbial DNA

which infects the host cell for dicotyledons like lugumes, or by a gene gun (gold pellets carrying fragments of DNA), either which performs the random insertion in

some of the target cells.9

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Insertion process

• The insertion is carried out using an mobile microbial DNA which infects the host cell (for dicotyledons like lugumes, or by a gene gun (gold pellets carrying fragments of DNA), either which performs the random insertion in some of the target cells.

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Microbial Vector

Target cell

Gene gun

Target cell

Target cell

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BT Gene insertion

• Microbial Vector has the genetic sequence of toxin present in a part of an insertion sequence.

• The gene gun shoots gold pellets having the sequence of interest

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AACCGTGGTGGGTCCCAATTAGGGTTACCGGGG

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Result of insertion process

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Target

cell

Target cellTarget

cell

Only some of the target cells successfully incorporate the gene

To identify the successfully converted viable cells, an antibiotic resistance marker gene IS ALSO INSERTED

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Resistance marker gene

• AACCGGTTGGTTGGGTTTGGGGGGGCCGGTTAA

• The target cells which successfully incorporate the insert sequence are selected on the basis of their resistance to an antibiotic

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INSERTION SEQUENCE

RESISTANCE MARKER GENE

PROMOTER SEQUENCE

BT GENE

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RESULT OF INSERTION PROCESS

ANTIBIOTIC TARGET

CELL

TARGET CELL

TARGET CELL

Only target cells

survive based on

resistance to

antibiotics

TARGET CELL

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Create final hybrid variety

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Primary transformantbacterial plasmid DNA

(pMON10518)

Hybrid varietyMHB 4, 9, 10, 80, 99

Final varietyBt MHB

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ADVANTANGES

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BENEFITS TO CONSUMERS AND SOCIETY:1) CONSUMERS WILL HAVE A CHOICE TO BUY NON-INFECTED,

UNDAMAGED AND GOOD QUALITY BRINJAL FRUITS.2) HIGH LEVELS OF PESTICIDES RESIDUES ARE PRESENT IN A

LARGE NUMBER OF VEGETABLES THAT WE EAT DAILY. 3) IT IS EXPECTED THAT BT BRINJAL MAY IMPROVE

MARKETABLE YIELD MANIFOLD RESULTING IN AVAILABILITY OF MORE BRINJAL IN THE MARKET AT AFFORDABLE PRICE.

4) THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF HORTICULTURAL RESEARCH (IIHR) SHOWED THAT BT BRINJAL WOULD HELP STABILIZE THE MARKET PRICE (IIHR,2008).

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CONCLUSION

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THE SCIENTISTS & STUDENTS SHOULD COME TOGETHER AND SPEAK IN ONE VOICE.

DEFEND THE TECHNOLOGY – DEFEAT OPPONENTS

SILENCE IS NOT GOLD, SILENCING IS!

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THANK YOU

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