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In basic terms a waste is anything which you decide to, or are required to, throw away.

What is waste?

Trash: Solid waste form places like your antic, backyard or study. Trash items include paper and

card boxes and the like.

Garbage: This is waste from kitchen and bathroom. They also include waste from cooking food and from food storage facilities.

What is the difference between trash and garbage?

waste

Liquid

solid

gaseous

Solid wasteThe useless and unwanted products in the solid state derived from the activities of and discarded by society. It is produced either by - product of production processes or arise form the domestic or commercial sector when objects or materials are discarded after use.

Liquid wasteGarbage, refuse and other discarded materials in a liquid form, including liquid waste materials resulting from industrial, commercial, agricultural or governmental operations and from community activities

Gaseous wasteGaseous waste is a waste product in gas form resulting from various human activities, such as manufacturing, processing, material consumption or biological processes.

Types of solid waste Municipal solid waste

E- waste

Industrial solid waste

Agro-chemical waste

This includes trash or garbage from households, schools, offices, market places, restaurants and other public places, like food debris, used plastic bags, soda cans e.t.c.

Municipal solid waste

Why food wastes…..The main causes are:

1.Lack of awareness, lack of shopping planning, confusion about "best before" and" use by" date labels,

2. lack of knowledge on how to cook with leftovers (households).

3. Stock management inefficiencies, marketing strategies (2 for 1, buy 1 get 1 free), aesthetic issues (retail);

4. Overproduction, product & packaging damage (farmers and food manufacturing);

5. Inadequate storage (whole food chain);

6.Inadequate packaging.

Plastics: An enemy of ecosystem…

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How plastic harms enviroment?

It takes more then 100 years to decay.

It leads to blockage of drains and soil.

It prevents seepage of water into ground.

When burnt they release harmful gases.

Plastic can kill animals when they consume it..

E- wasteThis is waste from electronic and electrical devices. Think of DVD and music players, TV, Telephones, computers, vacuum cleaners and all the other electrical stuff in your home. These are also called e-waste, e-scrap, or waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE)Some e-waste (like TV) contains lead, cadmium, and brominated flame retardants. These are harmful to humans and the environment.

Industrial wasteSince the industrial revolution, the rise in the number of industries manufacturing glass, leather, textile, food, electronics, plastic and metal products has significantly contributed to waste production.

1.Air pollution: Solid and gaseous waste can pollute the air. Using fossil fuels such as gas, coal and oil to create electricity for power industries and manufacturing operations can produce toxic chemicals that are generated to the air through chimneys and exhaust pipes. Most of air pollutants include CO, SO2, etc

2.Soil Pollution: Industrial waste can result in soil pollution. Soil pollution is defined as soil contaminated with liquid and solid toxic waste. Waste products from manufacturing, oil from storage tanks, lead from paints and fuel spills are the main reason causing soil pollution. Pollutants in soil lessen the quality of soil, make them unnamable.

3.Water Pollution:

Oil refinery, winery and dairy farms drop their waste directly into the lakes, rivers and seas without treatment which makes water sources full of chemicals and turn into black. Water pollution poisons drinking water, damages the habitats of marine animals and neutralizes irrigation systems of agriculture.

As a result, every creature can’t exist anymore. More than that, steam containing high amounts of SO2, NO2 from contaminated lakes and rivers will come into acid rain that can cause forest fires and many diseases for people and animals

Agro- chemical wasteIn the wake of green revolution pesticides and many fertilizers herbicides, fungicides etc are being increasingly used and has increased manifold for enhancing crop production . These incidentally are toxic to non target organism that are important component of our ecosystem. We know that the addition of increasing amounts of chemical fertilizers can do the aquatic ecosystem eutrophication . The current problems in agricultural are therefore extremely grave.

EutroficationIt natural aging of lake or any water body by nutrient enrichment of its water . In young lake the water is cold and clear Supporting little life .with time steams draining into it Introduces the nutrients. As a result lake’s fertility increases .

Over time lake grows shallower and warmer killing organisms suspected to theseMash plants begin to original lake basin. Eventually, large marshes of floating plants convert the lake into land.

Biomagnification

It is increase in concentration of toxicity from lower trophic level to higher trophic level via food chain.

This is because toxic substance accumulated by an organism cannot be metabolized or excreted.

Waste Management

Waste management encompasses management of all processes and resources for proper handling of waste materials, from maintenance of waste transport trucks and dumping facilities to compliance with health codes and environmental regulation

Case Study…Organic farming: A zreo waste procedure

Ramesh Chandra Dagar , a farmer in Sonipat Haryana is doing organic farming. He includes bee - Keeping , dairy managenent,water harvesting,composting and agriculture in a chain of processes. There is no need to use chemical fertilizers for crops, as cattle excreta are used as manure. Crop waste is used to create compost which can be used as natural fertilizer or can be used to generate natural gas for Satisfying energy need of the farm.

Dagar has created the Haryana Kisaan welfare club with a current membership of 5000 farmers.

Case Study…

Polyblend: A Plastic RemedyPolyblend ,a fine power of recycled modified plastic was developed by Ahmed khan and his company .In collaboration with R.V College of engineering and Bangalore city corporation. This mixture is mixed with bitumen that is used to lay roads. Plolyblend and bitumen when used to lay roads enhance the bitumen’s water repellent property. Using Khan’s technique by the year 2002, more than 40 kms of road in Bangalore has already been laid.

You have a role….

First step towards waste management is to separate our waste, into dry and wet.

Wet wastes can be used to make compost and manure in our plants.

Dry waste can be recycled or reused.

Composting now-a-days is verycommon practice.

It has many benefits:

It doesn’t require much labour.

It is very eco-friendly.

It doesn’t take much space.

It can be prepared in very short time.

BEST OF WASTE

Understanding the importance Of recycling of materials; National Recycling Day is Celebrated every year on 1st July starting from 2011.

Let’s save our earth together !!

INTERESTING FACTS About 70% of 1 million m3 sewage waste per day from

industrial zones is directly disposed to received sources without treatment.

Do U Know what RLWTF means? Radioactive Liquid Waste Treatment Facility.

Do u know Cassava, a tuber crop is used in manufacturing of biodegradable plastics !

Do you know that it takes 1000 of years before a plastic bag can turn into small particles?

Every 3000 sheets of paper costs us a TREE !