Regulations related to health, environment and safety

-NISARG SHAH (11BIE021)

-YASH THAKAR (11BIE023)

-DHRUV PATEL (11BIE024)

-RAJAT PATEL (11BIE025)

INTRODUCTION

Good, safe work practices; clear definition and allocation of responsibilities; orderly, tidy work premises; safe products and consumer services making for high-quality work and improved performance.

This is what systematic health, environmental and safety activities (internal control) are all about.

Having someone to keep a watchful eye, and take action if something goes wrong, is a precondition for maintaining a high standard of work and products.

List of Regulations Safety, Health and Welfare Act 2005 (S.I. No. 10 of 2005)

Chemicals Act 2008 (No 13 of 2008)

Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road Acts

Chemical Weapons Act 1997

Organisation of Working Time Act 1997

Safety Health & Welfare (Offshore Installations) Act 1987 (No. 18 of 1987)

List of Regulations (cont.) Safety in Industry Act 1980

Dangerous Substances Act 1972 and Amendment 1979

Mines and Quarries Act 1965

Factories Act 1955

Boiler Explosions Acts 1882 &1890

Regulations related to Health and Safety in India

Factories Act, 1948

Mines Act, 1952

1. Coal Mines Regulations, 1957

2. Metalliferous Mines Regulations, 1959

3. Oil Mines Regulations, 1984

Dock Workers Act, 1986

Factories Act, 1948 Many businesses operate processes and

equipment or engage in activities emitting air contaminants. Although not all of these processes and activities directly discharge contaminants to the outer air through a stack, they do release air contaminants that eventually escape the building and enter the atmosphere.

Typical sources of air pollution that are regulated include coating and degreasing operations; combustion sources such as boilers and incinerators; and material handling operations such as concrete and asphalt batch plants.

Factories Act, 1948 (Cntd.)

Air quality regulations address the toxicity and quantity of air pollutants that directly or indirectly enter the atmosphere.

Factories Act, 1948 It is an Act to consolidate and amend the law regulating labour in

factories.

A certified surgeon is appointed who will take care of the health related issues of the Labors.

This Surgeon will also exercise medical supervision as may be prescribed for any factory or class or description of factories where--

1. Cases of illness have occurred which it is reasonable to believe are due to the nature of the manufacturing process carried on, or other conditions of work prevailing, therein;

2. by reason of any change in the manufacturing process carried on or in the substances used therein or by reason of the adoption of any new manufacturing process or of any new substance for use in a manufacturing process, there is a likelihood of injury to the health of workers employed in that manufacturing process;

3. Young persons are, or are about to be, employed in any work which is likely to cause injury to their health.

Factories Act, 1948 (Cntd.)

The Factories Act also includes issues like:

Inspection

Cleanliness

Disposal of Waste and Effluents

Ventilations and Temperature

Overcrowding

Lighting

Fencing of Machinery

The Mines Act, 1952

The Owner, agent or manager of the Mine shall before the commencement of any mining operation give to the chief inspector, the controller, indian bureau of mines and th district magistrate of the district in which the mine is situated, notice in writing in such form and containing such particulars relating to the mine, as may be prescribed.

The Mines Act, 1952

Provisions for Health and Safety:

1. Drinking Water

2. Conservancy

3. Medical Appliance

Employment related Issues:

1. The workers should be given appropriate time for rest

2. No worker shall be allowed to work for more than 48 hours at a stretch

3. Extra Wages for overtime

The Mines Act, 1952

Regular medical checkups of the workers

The Dock Workers Act, 1986 Safety issues covered in this Act are as follows:

1. Surface

2. Fencing of Dangerous Places

3. Passages to be kept clear

4. Railing and Fencing

5. Staging construction and Maintenance

6. Life saving appliances

7. Illumination

8. Fire Protection

9. Proper use and maintenance of Cranes, etc.

WASTE WATER

Many manufacturers generate wastewater that must be discharged or treated in accordance with local, state, and/or federal requirements. Chapter 3 discusses wastewater disposal options, permitting, and operator training requirements. This chapter also identifies wastewater regulatory agencies and common non-compliance issues.

Agencies and Their Laws and Rules

The Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) has several roles related to wastewater discharges. The DEQ regulates discharges of wastewater, including storm water, to surface waters of the state through the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program. The NPDES program was delegated to Michigan from the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA).

Disposal Options

• Publicly owned treatment works (POTWs, also known as municipal wastewater treatment plants).

• Permitted and registered hazardous or liquid industrial waste transporters (for liquid waste that cannot be discharged directly or in any other fashion).

• Surface water discharge (includes direct discharges to a river, stream, drain, storm sewer, or ditch).

• Groundwater discharge (includes seepage lagoons, septic tank/tile field systems, and irrigation systems).

Permit for a Specific Discharge

Water Treatment Additives

Biocides or algaecides used to prevent freezing, scale build-up or slime growth, along with sanitizers and lubricants can be found in the wastewater at manufacturing facilities. As such, these Water Treatment Additive (WTA) products must be included in the application for wastewater discharge.

Waste Management

Everyone generates waste on a daily basis and is subject to the waste regulations. When the waste is improperly handled and disposed of

(i.e., illegal dumping along roadsides, in the woods, in illegal landfills, in wetlands, in lakes and streams, or by being improperly burned)

both surface and groundwater quality, as well as air quality can be impacted. Your legal responsibility as a generator of any quantity of waste extends from “cradle to grave.” This covers the time from when the waste is first generated through its ultimate disposal.

Waste Management

Several different agencies are involved with overseeing proper waste management. State agencies include the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ); the Michigan Department of Licensing and Regulatory Affairs (DLARA); the Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (DARD); and the Michigan State Police (MSP). Federal agencies include the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) and the U.S. Department of Transportation (U.S. DOT).

Michigan State Law forWaste Reduction and Recycling

Hazardous wastes are two types

1. Large quantity generator

2. Small quantity generator

Large Quantity Generator

they have a program in place to reduce the volume and toxicity of waste generated to the degree they have determined to be economically practicable and have selected the practicable method of treatment, storage, or disposal currently available which minimizes the present and future threat to human health and the environment.

Small Quantity Generator

they have made a good faith effort to minimize their waste generation and selected the best waste management method that is available and that they could afford.

implementing activities

• Change processes so less scrap is created. • Purchase supplies that are made of less toxic

materials • Purchase supplies that have less packaging. • Have materials shipped in returnable and

reusable containers. • Use materials on a “first in, first out” basis so

products don’t expire. • Replace disposable materials with reusable

and recyclable materials. • Establish an incentive program that

encourages workers to suggest ways to reduce waste.

implementing activities

Train employees in waste reduction methods.

Install reclamation units to reduce the amount of waste needing disposal. For example, recover spent solvents from parts washers.

Recycling

Recycling involves converting materials from the waste stream into other usable goods. The first step for facilities involves the collection of those materials. If the materials cannot be used in-house, then the collected materials are marketed through private brokers or local community recycling programs. Several areas in Michigan now have reuse centers that offer these materials for community or school activities.

POLLUTION PREVENTION

Most of us are familiar with the old adages: “waste not, want not;” “one person’s trash is another person’s treasure;” and “an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.” By embracing the wisdom behind these approaches, pollution prevention (P2) encourages businesses to identify and act upon opportunities that benefit their operations, as well as workers, communities, and the environment

What is Pollution Prevention?

Parts 143 and 145 of the Michigan Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act, Public Act 451 of 1994, as amended (Act 451), define P2 as preventing or minimizing waste generation, or the environmentally sound reuse or recycling of those wastes that cannot be prevented. In Michigan, P2 is based on mostly voluntary, multi-media efforts that are applied where practical, environmentally acceptable, and economically feasible. Only after P2 has been applied or considered should waste treatment, release, or disposal technologies be used in accordance with Michigan regulations.

Replacing hazardous organic solvents with non-toxic aqueous cleaners.

Modifying manufacturing and industrial processes to eliminate the need for hazardous substances.

Reusing treated wastewater as process water.

Purchasing mercury-free switches, relays or other equipment.

Deconstructing a building rather than demolition and landfilling.

Recycling metals, solvents, oils, cardboard, wood pallets, and office paper.

Purchasing less toxic materials that result in less hazardous wastes generated.

THANK YOU