Primer Taller Gold Standard en Colombia: Nuevos desarrollos sobre protocolos estándares retos técnicos Por: Vikash Talyan

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Nuevos desarrollos sobre protocolos / estándares y problemas actuales aún no considerados por las metodologías existentes.

28 March 2014

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Contents

• Overview of CDM/GS projects in Colombia

• Existing Tools and Focus Area for Cookstove Activities

• Summary

• Discussion

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CDM/ GS project

• Low Penetration rate

• No Project focusing on dispersed household technologies such as Cooking, Lighting, drinking water etc.

• Barriers for these technologies

– Low Potential

– Dispersed in nature

– High monitoring cost

– Awareness

– Lack of clear guidelines on requirements

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Afforestation &…

Biogas

Biomass

Cement

Energy efficiency

Fuel switch

Hydro power

Material use

Waste Management…

Methane recovery &…

N2O decomposition

Transportation

Waste gas/heat…

CDM/GS Projects in Colombia CDM GS CDM- PoA

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Existing Tools and Focus Area

Project Planning Project development Monitoring Verification

• Feasibility assessment – Selection of Certification Scheme

• GS/CDM

– Selection Programme • PoA –Large/ Small/ MicorScale

• Project Scale

– Methodology • GS Methodologies

– TPDDTEC, Simplified Methodologies

• CDM Methodologies – AMS II.G, AMS I.C and Others

Screening Tool - Global Alliance For Clean Cookstoves,

GERES, SouthPole Carbon - GIZ HERA Cooking energy

Compendium http://carbonfinanceforcookstoves.org/

GAP for Further Addition - Customize version for Local

Project Developers in local language

- Inclusion of GS M-Scale Methodology

- Integration of Quick SD Assessment

http://carbonfinanceforcookstoves.org/

http://carbonfinanceforcookstoves.org/

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• Methodology requirements

– Ex-Ante Emission reduction

– Baseline Survey

– Baseline Performance Test

– Project Survey

– Project Performance Test

– Usage Survey

– Sales Record

Available - GS Calculation Tool for M-Scale - CDM - SSC Sampling Guidelines - Sampling Manual, Perspectives

GAP - Quick Guide Book for

Terminologies - Methodology Guidebook - Guidelines/Templates - Standard Resource, Templates,

Guidelines - Interactive SD assessment tool

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• Methodology features – TPDDTEC – Single Vs Multiple baseline and project

Scenarios

– Default Vs progressive baseline

– Post registration Scenario Addition

– Simplified Additionality Justification (20% penetration rule)

– Similar design and performance characteristics (+/-5%)

– Adjustment Approach

– Post Registration submission of project specific case studies

– Suppressed Demand Situation

Available - KPT Guidelines GAP - A Quick Help Book

- Generic Calculation templates

- Country Specific Default Value

based Calculation templates - WBT guidelines

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• fNRB – GS Methodology Approach

– AMS- IIG. Approach

– CDM Default Factor

– Survey Based Approach

- Barriers - Availability of Data

- Resource Constraints

Available - Nothing Much

GAP - Default Value at Country Level - Default Values for different

regions - Guidelines for Survey based

Approach

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• Monitoring – Sampling Approach

– Sample Size Selection

– Integration of different sampling requirements into one

– Project Database management

– Monitoring procedures

Available - CDM - SSC Sampling Guidelines - Sampling Manual, Perspectives GAP - Project database Templates - Sampling guideline with best

Practices Examples - Sampling Templates for data

collection - Monitoring and reporting

Guidelines with live case studies - Usage Survey

Templates/Guidelines

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• Verification – DOE

• Guidelines for Sustainable development aspects, other GS specific requirements

– Project Developers • What All should be included

in the monitoring report

• What shall the project developer avoid

Available CDM Validation and Verification Manual GAP - Generic Guidelines to complete

the monitoring report and requirements to cover aspects like

- What to avoid - What to report

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Summary

• Objectives are

– To assist, local stakeholders, project developers and other stakeholders

– To minimise the transaction cost for project development

– By developing/providing • Assistance tools, Templates, Guidelines

• Capacity building exercises

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The Gold Standard Foundation

Vikash Talyan

[email protected]

+41 22 788 70 80

www.goldstandard.org

mailto:[email protected]


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Retos técnicos para el desarrollo de proyectos de estufas mejoradas que buscan financiamiento del

mercado del carbono

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Barriers

• Standards & Testing • There are standards on safety and efficiency of gas and electric stoves,

but not of any other stoves

• There are no plans to set any other stove standards, as there is no industrial production of these stoves

• There are no standards on Indoor Air Pollution; standards for outdoor air pollution have been around for a long time but outside of Bogota measurement of air quality started only recently. This is administered by the CARs

Standard & Testing Gov. Policy Related to

Cookstove Technology Carbon Finance

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• Government Policy Related to Cookstove

• There are various relevant policies from the Ministries responsible for environment and energy,

• Their influence on cookstoves so far has been limited



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• Technology



© 2012 Accenture. All rights reserved 43

• Use

• Availability

Colombians prefer a kitchen-like stove (often fixed) with multiple pits and often an oven; improved

versions are very clean but these stoves are very expensive

Illustrations of Current Technology Landscape Cookstove Industry

• Used in rural areas by richer

households

• Convenient, any biomass can be

used; has a chimney

• Burns approximately 50% more

efficiently than three stone fires;

significant reduction in IAP

• Prohibitively expensive to create a

market at $500/stove

Artisan Traditional Movable Traditional Fixed (Lorena) Improved Fixed

• Use

• Availability

• Use

• Availability

Minimal Low Medium Medium-High High Key

Sources: Interviews

• Improved version of traditional

design; hard to visually discern,

improvements are internal

• Up to 55% more efficient than a

traditional fixed stove. Reduction

of particle emissions of 86%; very

little emissions in the kitchen if

used right

• Includes oven, water reservoir

and a chimney

• Cost on the market approx. $500

• Made by artisans in larger cities;

cheaper versions of lower quality

in the countryside

• Efficiency and emissions

unknown, but more efficient and

clean than traditional methods

• Includes a chimney and options

like an oven and a charcoal grill

• Price ranges from ~$50-$400

excluding transportation


• Use

• Availability

Colombians prefer a kitchen-like stove (often fixed) with multiple pits and often an oven; improved

versions are very clean but these stoves are very expensive


• Used in rural areas by richer

households

• Convenient, any biomass can be

used; has a chimney

• Burns approximately 50% more

efficiently than three stone fires;

significant reduction in IAP

• Prohibitively expensive to create a

market at $500/stove

Artisan Traditional Movable Traditional Fixed (Lorena) Improved Fixed

• Use

• Availability

• Use

• Availability


Sources: Interviews

• Improved version of traditional

design; hard to visually discern,

improvements are internal

• Up to 55% more efficient than a

traditional fixed stove. Reduction

of particle emissions of 86%; very

little emissions in the kitchen if

used right

• Includes oven, water reservoir

and a chimney

• Cost on the market approx. $500

• Made by artisans in larger cities;

cheaper versions of lower quality

in the countryside

• Efficiency and emissions

unknown, but more efficient and

clean than traditional methods

• Includes a chimney and options

like an oven and a charcoal grill

• Price ranges from ~$50-$400

excluding transportation


• Use

• Availability

Basic stoves making use of freely available materials are regularly used in rural areas, especially the

three brick fire (often on a platform)


• Made from termite mounds and

used by some rural populations

• 40-75% more efficient than a 3-

stone fire

• Difficulty is that it cracks and

breaks easily

• No industrially produced designs

available, but an organization

teaches people to make solar

stoves and ovens from widely

available old materials (monitors,

umbrellas) for about $10

• High temperatures can be

reached (195 °C) if it is not cloudy

(often the case in Colombia);

constant attention needed

Solar 3 Brick Fire – on ground/platform Binde – Termite Mound

• Use

• Availability

• Use

• Availability


Sources: Interviews, proyectotiti.com

• Basic technique still used in the

poorest areas

• Often elevated on a platform, e.g.

made of cement; sometimes also

using iron bars

• Highly inefficient, but the

difference is smaller when larger

pots are used to cook for a group


• Use

• Availability

Basic stoves making use of freely available materials are regularly used in rural areas, especially the

three brick fire (often on a platform)


• Made from termite mounds and

used by some rural populations

• 40-75% more efficient than a 3-

stone fire

• Difficulty is that it cracks and

breaks easily

• No industrially produced designs

available, but an organization

teaches people to make solar

stoves and ovens from widely

available old materials (monitors,

umbrellas) for about $10

• High temperatures can be

reached (195 °C) if it is not cloudy

(often the case in Colombia);

constant attention needed

Solar 3 Brick Fire – on ground/platform Binde – Termite Mound

• Use

• Availability

• Use

• Availability


Sources: Interviews, proyectotiti.com

• Basic technique still used in the

poorest areas

• Often elevated on a platform, e.g.

made of cement; sometimes also

using iron bars

• Highly inefficient, but the

difference is smaller when larger

pots are used to cook for a group

3 Stone Fire Traditional Fixed (Lorena)

Binde – Termite Mound

Improved Fixed

Use -Common Cost -Free

Use – Common Cost 500 USD

Use – Some Rural Pop” Cost - NA

Use – Limited Population Cost 500 USD

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• Lack of Information with respect to baseline

• Diversity

• fNRB

• Prior experience of carbon Finance

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Some Solutions for Carbon Finance

• Establish baseline and testing programme

• Devise National Standards (based on Global Alliance-developed global standards)

• Awareness Programme for Investors, Private Player

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The Gold Standard Foundation

Vikash Talyan

[email protected]

+41 22 788 70 80

www.goldstandard.org



Environment

Primer Taller Gold Standard en Colombia: Nuevos desarrollos sobre protocolos estándares retos técnicos Por: Vikash Talyan