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Food Culture in GermanyRenee King, Bridget Reddan, Andrew Yeldhamn8551774 n8305081 n8547718

XNB151Food and Nutrition

Unit Coordinator:Rebecca Ramsey

Assessment 1Friday 30th August

Group 19

+German Demographics

German population: 80.2 million(Destatis, 2013)

Over 100,000 Germans living in Australia

(ABS, 2012)

Germany in Top 10 nationalities of overseas born population

(ABS, 2012)

Germans highest nationality living in USA

(United States Census Bureau, 2012)

(People Movin, n.d.)

+Dominant factors influencing eating habits? Affordability/Price (value for money)

Growing health concerns (wellness and illness prevention)

The need for convenience (young people consuming western fast food )

Innovations in the industry (functional foods/personalized foods)

Increasing environmental consciousness

Cultural & social eating habits (families eating together)

Geographical & seasonal influences on produce

Globalisation and importing of different foods

(Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2010)

+Dominant factors influencing eating habits?

A study by Richer et al. found that in adolescent boys a healthy diet (more intake of fruit, veg etc.) was related to higher socioeconomic status.

Also found that traditional German diets are still consumed by adolescent boys and girls, but are not as prevalent as ‘western’ diets.

(Richter et al., 2012)

Perceived lack of control over food choice.

Accessibility and Cost of nutritious foods – particularly in rural areas.

+Terms and Items, Celebrations, Food preparation Traditionally Germans ate 5 meals a day, however now, three

meals a day is much more common.

It is traditional for shops and businesses to close at lunch time as this is the main meal of the day. Lunch is usually eaten with family.

Oktoberfest – Today this agricultural fair is the worlds largest festival, showcasing and celebrating the foods and beer that Germany has to offer.

Religious Holidays – As a predominantly Christian country, Easter and Christmas are the main religious holidays celebrated in Germany. On both occasions, traditional German meals are prepared, likely to include; carp, kale, bangers & roast goose at Christmas, and on Easter more common German foods including cheeses, breads, wurst and of course eggs!

+What foods do Germans eat?

+What foods do Germans eat?

+Available Food

CHEESE

• Blue (approx. $3 to $5)-Viking Blue Danish-Mainland Blue-Castello Blue

• Brie (approx. $3 to $5)-Unicorn Brie Double-Unicorn Brie Chives-Unicorn Brie Triple Cream-Unicorn Brie Camembert- Tasmanian Heritage Double Brie-Tasmanian Heritage Brie Blue-Castello Brie White

• Camembert (approx. $5) -Tasmanian Heritage Camembert

• Quark (approx. $7)-Paris Creek Quark Organic Swiss Style

+Available FoodMILK (approx. $2 to $5)

-A2 Light Milk-Pauls Goat Milk-Dairy Farmers Permeate Free Skim Milk-Woolworths Select Full Cream Milk

OILS (approx. $3 to $15)-Homebrand Pure Olive Oil-Crisco Canola Oil-Homebrand Vegetable Blended Oil

HERBS AND SPICES (approx. $2 to $10)-Masterfoods (range of over 90 herbs and spices)-Hoyts (range of over 50 herbs and spices)

+Available FoodBEER• Bitburger (approx. $34 per 24 case)• Beck’s (approx. $38 per 24 case)• Paulaner Weissbier (approx. $52 per 12 case)• Franziskaner Weissbier (approx. $90 per 20 case)• Oettinger (approx. $30 per 24 case)

SCHNAPPS (approx. $15 to $60)• Everglades• Bacchus• Lindenhoff• De Kuyper• Münchner Kindl

WINE (approx. $19 to $50)• Dr Loosen• Egon Muller-Scharzhof Scharzhofberger• Henkell Troken• Schloss Vollrads• JJ Prüm

Dan Murphy’s, 2013

+Available Food

Fruit, Vegetables – Nuts & Seeds

Walnüsse walnuts

Haselnüsse hazelnuts

Mandeln almonds

Peanuts, Cashews, Macadamias, Pecans, Pistachios available in most parts of Germany

Sesame, Sunflower, Linseed/Flaxeed, pumpkin seeds

Poppy seeds

+Available Food

Fruit, Vegetables – Nuts & Seeds

Cauliflower, beans, broccoli, peas, cucumber, garlic, cabbage, Leek, Corn, mushrooms, sweet pepper, carrot, asparagus, spinach, tomato, onion

Potato - of historical importance in Germany

Potato as a staple grain spread quickly due to high yield, simple preparation, low fat/high water content and it could grow in less fertile soil which other grains couldn’t grow in.

The potato is responsible for a considerable increase in population at the beginning of the 19th century in Germany.

Potato varieties found in Australia: Bintje, coliban,desiree, golden delight, king edward, kipfler, nadine, pink eye/ southern gold, red rascal, royal blue, sebago.

http://theabbotsfordkitchen.wordpress.com

+Available Food 

BREAD

Rye (approx. $5 to $6)-Abbotts Village Light Rye Bread-Bills Organic Medium Rye Bread-Country Life Organic Rye 94% Wheat Free

-Helgas Light Rye Bread-Tip Top Burgen Rye Bread 

Sourdough (approx. $5 to $6)-Bills Organic Sourdough Hi Fibre-Bills Organic Sourdough Hi Fibre with Flaxseed-Sauers Aroma Sourdough Rye 

Grain ($4 to $7)-around 26 items-includes grains such as pumpkin, soy, linseed, sunflower, chia,

oats

Woolworths Online Shopping, 2013

+Available Food

Woolworths Online Shopping, 2013

MEAT 

Wurst sausage ($13 to $25 per kg)-Gotizinger Bratwurst German-Hans Knackwurst-Hans Liverwurst Traditional-Hans Liverwurst Old Style-Don Liverwurst Latvian-Don Rookwurst Dutch 

Smoked ham ($9 to $18 per kg)-Bertocchi Authentic Leg Ham Triple Smoked-Woolworths Half Leg Ham Smoked 

COFFEE ($19 per kg)  Melitta Ground German Premium Mild Roast

+Influencing factors

Availability/ Accessibility

Price

Standard & quality compared to German products

More convenient alternatives for busy lifestyles

Trend to western or Australian diets

Seasonal foods available

+Considerations..

From a study of young adults from both Australia and Germany, Australia is considered the ‘fattest’ country in the world, and Germany, the ‘fattest’ country in Europe.

Harker, D., Harker, M., Reinhard, K., & Sharma, B. (2011)

This suggests that both countries are currently not following their national dietary recommendations and is a consideration when planning daily eating recommendations.

+Typical Daily Eating Plan

BREAKFAST-Busy lifestyles creating trend for simple breakfast such as cereal – however, more traditional & hearty breakfast may be eaten on weekend

Coffee, tea or cocoa or sometimes juice Bread or bread rolls with:

-butter or margarine-marmalade-honey-Quark (curd cheese)-sausage-cheese

Boiled egg Cereals Muesli with yogurt, milk or fresh fruit

German Foods. (n.d.).

+Typical Daily Eating Plan

MORNING TEA OR SNACKS Small sandwich with cheese or

meat Fruit Yogurt Muesli bar

AFTERNOON TEA-convenience shops leads to less baking at home (store bought pastries)-trend in tea becoming more popular to drink Coffee with cream or condensed milk Homemade cakes: black forest, bee sting, cheesecake made

with Quark, fruit tarts (plum or apple)German Foods. (n.d.).

+Typical Daily Eating Plan

LUNCH-meat eaten most likely everyday (pork & chicken)-traditionally eaten between 12 and 2pm-school children have lunch back at home-trend to eat warm meal at dinner rather than lunch

Typical vegetables served: green beans, carrots, peas, cabbage

Potatoes are staple (boiled, dumplings, croquettes, fried, mashed)

Rice and noodles as side dishes

Meals: Potato salad with sausage or meal balls Spätzle noodles with stir-fry Schnitzel with buttered vegetables Fish sticks with mashed potato

German Foods. (n.d.).

+Typical Daily Eating Plan

DINNER-Light meal between 6pm and 7pm

Selection of whole grain bread, cheeses, deli meats & sausages, mustards & pickles (gherkins)

Served with salad and/or a soup, depending on the season Young people drink sparkling mineral water or juice

BEVERAGES• Fruit Juices• Mineral Water• Schorle (Mix of Fruit Juice and Mineral Water)• Beer, Wine and Schnapps

German Foods. (n.d.).

+What is really represented

MeatsBreadsFruitsVegetablesDairyOils

+How does Germany compare to Australia?

Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing (2013)

http://www.dge.de/ (2005)

+References Destatis.(2013). 2011 Census: 80.2 million inhabitants lived in Germany on 9 May 2011. Retrieved from

www.destatis.de

Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2012). Reflecting a nation: Stories from the 2011 census, 2012–2013. Retrieved from http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/2071.0main+features902012-2013

United States Census Bureau. (2012). International programs. Retrieved from www.census.gov

People Movin. (n.d.). Migration flows across the world. Retrieved from http://peoplemov.in

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. (2010). Germany: Health and environmental trends. Retrieved from http://www.ats-sea.agr.gc.ca/eur/4186-eng.htm

Richter, A., Heidemann, C., Schulze, M.B., Roosen, J., Thieleand, S., & Mensink, G. (2012). Dietary patterns of adolescents in Germany - Associations with nutrient intake and other health related lifestyle characteristics. BMC Pediatrics, 12(35). doi:10.1186/1471-2431-12-35

German Foods. (n.d.). Eating Habits in Germany. Retrieved from http://www.germanfoods.org/consumer/facts/eatinghabits.cfm

 Woolworths. 2013. Woolworths Shop Online. Retrieved from http://www2.woolworthsonline.com.au/

Dan Murphy’s. 2013. Dan Murphy’s. Retrieved from http://danmurphys.com.au/dm/home.jsp

Department of Health and Ageing. (2009). The Australian Guide to Healthy Eating. Retrieved from http://www.health.gov.au/internet/healthyactive/publishing.nsf/Content/eating

Lifescript. 2007. German Food traditions: More Than Just Sauerkraut. Retrieved from http://www.lifescript.com

German Food Guide. (n.d.) Christams. Retrieved from http://www.germanfoodguide.com/

German Food Guide. (n.d.) Easter. Retrieved from http://www.germanfoodguide.com/

+References Giskes, K., Turrell, G., Patterson, C., & Newman, B. (2002). Socioeconomic differences among

Australian adults in consumption of fruit and vegetables and intakes of vitamins A, C and folate. Journal Of Human Nutrition & Dietetics, 15(5), 375. Retrived from http://gateway.library.qut.edu.au/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=c8h&AN=2003050587&site=ehost-live

Giskes, K., Turrell, G., Patterson, C., & Newman, B. (2002). Socio-economic differences in fruit and vegetable consumption among Australian adolescents and adults. Public Health Nutrition, 5(5), 663-669. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/PHN2002339

Harker, D., Harker, M., Reinhard, K., & Sharma, B. (2011). Journal of Youth Studies: Youth transition to university in Germany and Australia: An empirical investigation of healthy eating behaviour. Youth Studies Australia, 30(1), 62. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.ezp01.library.qut.edu.au/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA252739537&v=2.1&u=qut&it=r&p=HRCA&sw=w

Heinzelmann, U. (2008). Food culture in Germany [EBL version]. Retrived From http://www.qut.eblib.com.au.ezp01.library.qut.edu.au/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=495064ch o=1&userid=vClvxfzA%2fYSdKXU%2bfoBxlQ%3d%3d&tstamp=1376962742&id=2F17C2ADAB1F8B08176FC0E4159C3CAE747ABE55

MacVeigh, J. (2009). International Cuisine. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar Cengage Learning.

Mensink, G., Truthmann, J., Rabenberg, M., Heidemann, C., Haftenberger, M., Schienkiewitz, A., & Richter, A. (2013). Fruit and vegetable intake in Germany: Results of the German health interview examination survey for adults. Bundesgesundheitsbl, 56, 779-785. doi: 10.1007/s00103-012-1651-8

+References The German Nutrition Society. (2012). 10 Guidelines of the German Nutrition Society (DGE)

for a wholesome diet. Retried August 21, 2013, from http://www.dge.de/pdf/10-guidelines- wholesome-diet-DGE-en.pdf

European Food Information Council. (2009). Food-based dietary guidelines in Europe. Retrieved August 21, 2013, from http://www.eufic.org/article/en/expid/food-based-dietary-

guidelines-in-europe/

National Health and Medical Research Council. (2013). Australian dietary guidelines. Retrieved August 21, 2013, from http://www.nhmrc.gov.au/guidelines/publications/n55

The Abbotsford Kitchen. (2010). Potatoes. Retreieved August 27, 2013, from http://theabbotsfordkitchen.wordpress.com

McCormick. (2013). Potato variety guide. Retrieved August 27, 2013, from http://www.mccormick.com.au/Resources/Tools-and-Guides/Potato-Variety-Guide.aspx