MUSC 1800: Popular MusicReggae, Salsa, Funk, and Hip-Hop

Dr. Matthew C. SaundersLakeland Community College

C-1078

Big Idea:

• Take a good look at the Popular Music Family Tree handout in your course packet. Notice how styles seem to proliferate faster after 1955.

Outsiders in 1970s Music• Era in which many

started to look “beyond”

• Profusion of “outsider” styles

Salsa• Most important new

Latin style of the 1970s

• Nuyoricans• Típico: • First independent

Latin record labels

Salsa Artists of the 1970s• Celia Cruz (1925-2003)– “La Reina de la Salsa”– “Guantanamera,” (ca. 1970)

• Fania All-Stars:– Crucial group in development of salsa style in late 60s – “Quitate Tu,” (1971)– Rubén Blades: “Pablo Pueblo,” (1977)– Willie Colón: “Che Che Cole,” from Cosa Nuestra

(1970)• Eddie Palmieri• Hector Lavoe

The Origins of Reggae

Rastafarianism

Ska (late 50s)

Burru(traditional)

Mento (traditional) 1950s R&B

Rock Steady (1966)

Reggae (late 60s)

Reggae in the United States• Popularized by film The Harder They Come (1972)• Bob Marley (1945-1981) and the Wailers

– “I Shot the Sheriff,” 1973– “No Woman, No Cry,” 1979

• Adaptations to American pop market– Johnny Nash: “I Can See Clearly Now,” 1972– Eric Clapton: “I Shot the Sheriff,” 1974 (live, 1977)

Funk• Reaction to the rock-

star model• Urban black audience• Sources:– Soul and R&B– James Brown– Psychedelic soul (late

1960s): • Sly and the Family

Stone: “Dance to the Music,” 1968 (live, 1969)

1970s Funk Examples• Present on the popular charts from 1973• George Clinton (b. 1940)– Leader of Parliament/Funkadelic– Very frequently sampled during the 1990s– “One Nation Under a Groove,” 1978 (live, 1979)

• Kool and the Gang– “Jungle Boogie,” 1973 (live, 1974)

• The Ohio Players– “Love Rollercoaster,” 1975

The Origins of Hip-hop

• Bronx, NY, mid-1970s• Hip-Hop Culture– Visual art: Graffiti– Dance: Breakdancing

and the freak– Poetry

• MC (“rapper”)

– Music• DJ (turntable

performer)

The Founders of Hip-hop• DJ Kool Herc– “backspin” technique– “Toasting”

• Grandmaster Flash– Protégé: Theodore

developed “scratching”– Live, 1978– Live, 1979

• Afrika Bambaataa• Earliest

commercialization:– “Rapper’s Delight,” The

Sugar Hill Gang, 1979