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Use of the Camera
Textual analysis
Camera should be analysed in two ways:
FramingMovement
Framing
• Camera’s distance from the subject• Camera angle in relation to the
subject• Point of view
Distance
• Extreme long shot• Long shot• Medium Long Shot• Mid shot• Medium Close Up• Close up• Big Close up• Extreme close up
The following are examples of basic framing
techniques…
Shot Types (Framing)
Angle in relation to subject
• High angle• Low angle• Wide Angle
HIGH ANGLE SHOT• Taken from
above, sometimes used to create a sense of vulnerability.
LOW ANGLE SHOT
• Taken from below. Often creates a sense of power & authority
WIDE ANGLE SHOTA lens which allows the audience to see more peripheral detail.
POINT OF VIEW SHOT
• Camera shot as if through the eyes of a protagonist, this will give the audience more information about what the character knows and share their experience, (often we are being asked to empathise with the character).
Look at the following still
• What type of shot is it?• What elements of the image are
being emphasised?• What angles are being played
upon in this image?• Why do you think this image has
been framed in this way?
Look at the following, in each case say…
• What type of shot is it• Why it has been framed in this
way
• Remember you are describing composition and effect.
Key Terms (Framing)
• Extreme long shot (ELS)• Long shot (LS)• Medium Long Shot (MLS)• Mid shot (MS)• Medium Close Up (MCU)• Big Close Up (BCU)• Close-up (CU)• Extreme close-up (ECU)• High angle• Low angle• Wide Angle• Point of view
Key Terms (Movement)
• Pan (Whip Pan)• Tilt• Dolly/Tracking Shot• Zoom• Crane• Steadicam / Handheld• (Aerial Shot) Flying-Cam
PANNING SHOT
• The camera operator stays still and the camera moves to follow action, or often a moving object like a vehicle.
TRACKING SHOT
• Where the camera operator moves alongside the action.
CRANE SHOT• Using a crane or
similar to create high angle shots.
AERIAL SHOT
• Using helicopters or planes to provide an extreme high angle shot.
Types of Shot
• There are a number of different shots which have specific functions within a film or TV programme:
ESTABLISHING SHOT
• A shot, often outside, that indicates where action will take place.
Establishing shot from Friends
MASTER SHOT
• A shot that is used at the beginning or end of ‘sections’.
Master Shot from The Weakest Link
FRAMING SHOT
• Using a piece of set or scenery to frame a shot.
TWO-SHOT
• When two people are in the shot.
Two-shot, Easy Rider Two-shot, Lethal Weapon 3
Analyse this
In terms of camera