Pranjali Deshpande-AgasheProgram Manager (Maharashtra)March 2016

BRT in India-a way forward

BRT in India: Old approach

It started with ‘National Urban Transport Policy’

Many cities proposed BRT in their city for building road infrastructure with national government funding!

Indian BRTs timeline

2008 2009 2012

2013 2014 2015 2016

Pun

e (p

ilot)

Delh

i

Delhi BRT –plans for 257km, but only 5km in operations!

Source: TRIPP, Delhi

Pune BRTplans for 100km but only 15km in operations

Major stumbling blocks• Failure to integrate with the existing bus

operations– Open or close bus operations?– Special purpose vehicle? Same bus company?– Existing fleet? New fleet?

• Lack of clarity and understanding• Lack of political will• Poor implementation• Hastiness

BRT means ‘just a bus lane’!

BRT corridor being used by BRT buses as well as state transport, school buses

Pune BRT pilot corridor

BRT means ‘just a bus lane’!

Delhi BRT

Uncomfortable boarding

Pune BRT pilot corridor

Less efforts on infrastructure development

Pune BRT pilot corridor

Old buses plying inside the corridor

Pune BRT pilot corridor

Poor corridor enforcement

Delhi BRTSource: mail today

BRT was badly criticised!

BRT in India: New approach

Indian BRTs timeline

2008 2009 2012

2013 2014 2015 2016

Pun

e pi

lot

Janm

arg,

Ah

med

abad

Delh

i

Janmarg, Ahmedabad BRT changed the approach towards BRT!

Janmarg BRT received international Sustainable Transport Award, 2009

Indian BRTs timeline

2008 2009 2012

2013 2014 2015 2016

Pun

e pi

lot

Janm

arg,

Ah

med

abad

Delh

i

Rajm

arg,

Raj

kot

Citil

ink,

Sur

at

Rain

bow,

Pun

e

I bus

, Ind

ore

Rainbow, Pune- Pimpri Chinchwad

Type of bus operationsOpen

system

Close system

DelhiPune pilot

Ahmedabad (initially)IndoreRajkot

Source: TRIPP, Delhi

Type of bus operationsHybrid system

Jaipur

Rainbow, Pune

Bhopal

Source: TRIPP, Delhi

Ahmedabad (now)

Pune Pimpri Chinchwad: BRT service plan

No of locations in PMR- 45

Survey hours- 16

Data collected- Route number, occupancy of each bus, timings

FO locations

Max passenger load observed- 120

Pune Pimpri Chinchwad: Frequency Occupancy (FO) Survey

No of locations in PMR- 19

Survey hours- 3

Data collected- origin destination, mode and purpose of travel, waiting time at transfer location

PT locations

Pune Pimpri Chinchwad: Passenger Transfer (PT) Survey

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 230.00

10,000.00

20,000.00

30,000.00

40,000.00

50,000.00

60,000.00

70,000.00

80,000.00

90,000.00

Modnay

Tuesday

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

Moving average (Friday)

Time Hr

Pass

enge

r trip

s

Source: E ticket Machine data 2011

Pune Pimpri Chinchwad: daily travel pattern

1,618 PMPML buses

Daily 12 lakh passenger trips

Existing condition

2,640 PMPML buses

Target 14.5 lakh passenger trips

BRT without route rationalisation

1,980 PMPML busesTarget 14.5 lakh passenger trips

BRT with route rationalisation

Pune Pimpri Chinchwad: Fleet requirement

Headway less than 10 min

10- 20 min headway More than 20 min0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80BRT without rationalisationBRT After rationalisation

Target of 14.5 lakh trips

Pune Pimpri Chinchwad: waiting time analysis

Chinchwad

Hinjewadi

Pimpri

Sangavi

Bhosari

Rupinagar

Pune Pimpri Chinchwad: hybrid BRT extensions

Warje malwadi

Dhayari phatakatraj

Hadapsar

Ravet

Chinchwad gaon

IT park

Akurdi

BRT corridor segregation

BRT hybrid routes

Pune Pimpri Chinchwad: hybrid BRT extensions

Buses suitable for hybrid operations:both side docking availability

Right side door for median stations

Left side door for outside corridor operations

Hybrid BRT for Pune-Pimpri Chinchwad

Use of Right side door in BRT corridor

Left side doors off corridor

PassengersBus laneBRT station Regular Bus StopBRT Bus

BRT Services

Regular Services

5000 pphpd

3,000 pphpd

6,500 pphpd

6,000 pphpd

7,000 pphpd

7,000 pphpd

Proposed BRT corridor ridership

2,000 pphpd 3,200 pphpd

Various Indian BRTs (new approach)

Organisational structure of various BRTs• Ahmedabad:

– Janmarg is special purpose vehicle for BRT– AMTS operates non BRT buses

• Pune- Pimpri Chinchwad– PMPML operates pubic transport buses– Rainbow BRT cell is a part of PMPML

• Indore– AICTSL operates public transport buses– I bus is a part of AICTSL

BRT Branding• Pune – Pimpri Chinchwad branded the

system with ‘Rainbow’ to change the image of old pilot corridor

• Indore branded it with ‘ibus’

• Ahmedabad named their system’ Janmarg’

• Rajkot used the name ‘Rajmarg’

• Surat used ‘Citilink’

Dedicated BRT lane

Central island station (median station)

Central island station (median station)

Step- less boarding

Step less boarding saves up to 80% dwell time

Step less boarding

Automated doors

EURO IV CNG BRT buses with passenger information system

BRT priority at the intersection

Comfortable closed bus stations

Bus operations monitoring

Buses don’t get stuck in traffic!

Overtaking lanes at stations

Passenger information system

Enforcement efforts

New approach: supporting infrastructure

Supporting infrastructure- terminals

Supporting infrastructure- terminals

Supporting infrastructure- depots

Surat

Passenger information designs

Rapid expansion of Janmarg BRT, Ahmedabad

Expansion plans of Rainbow BRT, Pune metropolitan region

Public transport demand pattern Public transport

demand pattern

201530km

201780 km

Rainbow BRT corridors: new approachBRT corridors: old approach

Pilot BRT corridor will be redesigned with better infrastructure

Frequency comparisons (actual/ planned)

Rainbow, P

unep Pimpri C

hinchwad

Rajmarg

, Rajk

ot

Janmarg

, Ahmedab

ad

My bus, B

hopal

I bus, I

ndoreJai

pur05

1015202530354045

Source: TRIPP

Daily ridership

Rainbow Janmarg My bus I bus Surat Rajmarg Jaipur0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

160,000

Daily

ride

rshi

p

Pune

, Pi

mpr

i Chi

nchw

ad

Ahm

edab

ad

Bho

pal

Indo

re

Raj

kot

30 km 89 km

24 km

11 km

11 km11 km

7 km

Source: ITDP surveys and CEPT

Acceptance by citizens: mode shiftCar7% 2W

12%

Bus59%

Shared auto7%

Auto13%

Other2%

Car0%

2W8%

Bus88%

Shared auto4%

Janmarg, Ahmedabadmonth 20Source: Janmarg

Rainbow, Pune Pimpri Chinchwad month 03 Source: ITDP surveys

Car6% 2W

18%

Bus48%

Shared auto18%

I bus, IndoreInitial monthsSource: I bus

24%8%19%Shift from private vehicles to BRT

BRT in India : current status

OperationalUnder construction/ tendering stage

Indian BRTs timeline

2008 2009 2012

2013 2014 2015 2016

Pun

e pi

lot

Janm

arg,

Ah

med

abad

Delh

i

Rajm

arg,

Raj

kot

Citil

ink,

Sur

at

Delh

i was

scra

pped

Rain

bow,

Pun

e

I bus

, Ind

ore

Delhi BRT scrapped!but new corridors with fresh designs have been announced

Pune plans to redesign pilot BRT corridor with better infrastructure and facilities

Indian BRTs timeline

2008 2009 2012

2013 2014 2015 2016

Pun

e pi

lot

Janm

arg,

Ah

med

abad

Delh

i

Rajm

arg,

Raj

kot

Citil

ink,

Sur

at

Delh

i was

scra

pped

Rain

bow,

Pun

e

Delh

i BRT

new

ph

ase

was

anno

unce

d

Pune

old

pilo

t co

rrido

r red

esig

ning

pl

ans

I bus

, Ind

ore

Rain

bow

expa

nsio

n

Time to invest for right mode of transport

Capacity= 3,000 pphpd

Elevated roadCapacity= 5,000 pphpd

Min. Rs 100 Cr/km

Capacity increases only 1.5 times

BRT systemCapacity= 12,000 pphpd*

Rs 15 Cr/kmCapacity increases

5 times

*with overtaking lanes ridership of 35,000-40,000 pphpd can be achieved

Administration budget of cities like Pune focuses mainly on sustainable transport and gives no priority to grade separators.

Future of BRT in India“Build Metro with Buses!!!”

and many of such Metros to come…….

2008 2009 2012

2013 2014 2015 2016 Future

Thank You!contact: pranjali.deshpande@itdp.org