BUS RAPID TRANSIT (BRT)
• Need for public transport
• Importance of bus transport
• Description of BRT
• BRT project in Delhi
2
STRUCTURE OF THE PRESENTATION
Population per sq. km.
Road Space as Percentage of Total Area:
Present road length- 28,000 kms. with limited expansion possibilities
3
DELHI VIS A VIS THE WORLD
Delhi
(Urban)
Delhi
(Whole)
Seoul Singapore Hong
Kong
Tokyo Kuala
Lumpur
Paris
(City)
13,930 9,340 24,500 8,700 30,100 10,400 5,900 24,448
Delhi Tokyo Munich Hong Kong Paris Bangkok
21% 13% 13% 12% 11% 11%
MOTOR VEHICLES REGISTERED IN DELHI
0
200000
400000
600000
800000
1000000
1200000
1400000
1600000
1800000
2000000
2200000
2400000
2600000
2800000
3000000
3200000
3400000
1
9
8
1
1
9
8
2
1
9
8
3
1
9
8
4
1
9
8
5
1
9
8
6
1
9
8
7
1
9
8
8
1
9
8
9
1
9
9
0
1
9
9
1
1
9
9
2
1
9
9
3
1
9
9
4
1
9
9
5
1
9
9
6
1
9
9
7
1
9
9
8
1
9
9
9
2
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
2
0
0
2
2
0
0
3
2
0
0
4
2
0
0
5
2
0
0
6
YEAR (1981-2006)
N
O
.
O
F
V
E
H
IC
L
E
S
R
E
G
IS
T
E
R
E
D
Cars/ Taxis
Two Wheelers
TSR
Buses & Other
Heavy Vehicles
4
MOTOR VEHICLES REGISTERED IN DELHI
5
TRADITIONAL PROBLEM SOLVING : THE CAR ORIENTED
INFRASTRUCTURE
6
SO WHAT IS THE SOLUTION?
50 cars or 60 b icyc les or 1 bus
EFFICIENT USE OF ROAD SPACE
More equitable allocation
of road space with people,
rather than vehicles
Greater use of public
transport and non-
motorized modes
Reserving lanes and
corridors exclusively for
public transport and non-
motorized modes of travel
8
NATIONAL URBAN TRANSPORT POLICY
9
DELHI MASTER PLAN 2021
According to Para 12.5 (iv) of the Plan –
“On all roads with right of way (ROW)
greater than 30 meters exclusive bus lanes
will be planned to implement the Bus Rapid
Transit System (BRTS) in a phased manner to
cover the whole city.”
• I.A. No: 226 in writ petition (civil) Nos: 13029
of 1985
Quote: “……The EPCA shall also examine the
issue of increase of High Capacity Bus System
with existing public transport system…”
10
SUPREME COURT RULING
11
EXIST IN OVER 30 CITIES ACROSS THE GLOBE IN
ALL KINDS OF DEVELOPMENT SPECTRUMS,
CULTURAL TRAITS, DEMOGRAPHICS AND
TRAFFIC CHARACTERSTICS.
BUS RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEMS
12
Latin América
Belo Horizonte
Bogotá
Campiñas
Curitiba
Gociana
Lima
Porto Alegre
Quito
Recife
Sao Paulo
México City
North América
Honolulu
Los Ángeles
Miami
Canada
Ottawa
Pittsburgh
Vancouver
Asia
Akita
Fukuoka
Gifu
Kanazawa
Kunming
Miyazaki
Nagaoka
Nagoya
Niigata
Taipéi
Beijing
Jakarta
Europe
Claremont Ferrand
Eindhoven
Essen
Ipswich
Leeds
Nancy
Rouen
Oceanía
Adelaide
Brisbane
BRT Systems in
operation
BRTS ACROSS THE WORLD
• Pune
• Ahmedabad
• Indore
• Bhopal
• Jaipur
• Vishakhapatnam
• Hyderabad
• Nagpur
• Delhi
13
Lloyd Wright
BRT STATUS IN INDIAN CITIES. (JNURRM FUNDING APPROVED)
Trips per person per day
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
London Singapore Hong Kong Delhi
MRT Bus
14
PUBLIC TRANSPORT IN WORLD CITIES
EQUITY:
in terms of providing
access across all strata
of society at an
acceptable cost
EFFICIENCY:
by way of
providing more
throughput per
unit of investment
or road space
ENVIRONMENT
FRIENDLY:
by way of reducing
private vehicles
and using green
fuel
BRT is a synthesis of 3 E’s
It combines the
advantages of rail transit
with flexibility of Bus
service
It is endorsed by
institutions such as
World Bank, Asian
Development Bank etc.
Being green it is the only
transport project with
the availability of World
Bank GEF funding
15
BRT MAJOR FACTS
In BRT commuters can only cross at the zebra
crossings. Fatality rates will come down drastically.
Experts observe that road based transport
provides the most effective connectivity for
residents.
The Delhi BRT project has been implemented after
rigorous analysis and consideration
16
BRT can penetrate in less ROW areas
BRT is on ‘AT GRADE LEVEL’ so builds
easier access
BRT is a relatively inexpensive mode
hence can be implemented more widely
Gestation time is relatively short
BRT has more stoppages and therefore
provides user friendly changeover points
BRT
Builds
Flexibility
ADVANTAGES OF BRT
Efficient utilization of road spaceEfficient utilization of road space
COST CONSIDERATIONSCOST CONSIDERATIONS
BRT
5-20
crores
/ km
Metro
125 to
220
crores
/ km
18
Shortest planning & construction time
BRT - 1.5 years / Metro -
Shortest planning & construction time
BRT - 1.5 years / -3 to 5 years (~18km)
Not affected by traffic jams
Lanes can be used by emergency vehicles
BRT lanes can be used by school buses etc
also
19
20
Quito, Ecuador
Porto Alegre, Brazil
Curitiba, Brazil
Bus stop platform and bus floor at
the same level
Wider doors
RAPID BOARDING AND ALIGHTING
BRT IS PHYSICALLY CHALLENGED FRIENDLY
22
WORLD OVER BRT USES THE CENTRAL LANE
23
Pedestrian path 3 m x 2m
Bus lane 3.3 - 3.5 m
Car lane 3.0 m X 2
Bicycle lane None
BRT: CAR 1 WAY 2 LANES, BUS 1 WAY. ROW ~ 18 M
Pedestrian path 4 m x 2
Bus lane 3.3 - 3.5 m x 2
Car lane 3.0 m x 4
Bicycle lane Mixed
24
BRT: CAR 2 WAY 2 LANES, BUS 2 WAY. ROW: ~30-35 M
Mode Persons per lane (3m) per hour
Bus (dedicated lane) 15,000 – 25,000
Walking 9,000
Bicycle 5,000
Car 3,000
3 car lanes mixed - 10.5m 9,000 - 15,000
2 car + 1 bus - 10.5m 20,000 - 30,000
2 car + 1bus(BRT rationalised) - 10.5m 30,000 - 40,000
25
PEOPLE FLOW CAPACITIES
Pedestrians + bicycles using 4.5m additional rationalised space
from existing ROW will provide additional throughput of app.
10000 persons per hour
Relatively low rise development
Multiple business districts
Delhi expanding in a radial mode
Central City not the main destination
Car – about 15 % families
2-wheeler – about 35% families
No vehicle – about 50% families
50% people with no option but
public transport
Marginal cost of two wheeler trip
about Rs 1.00 per km -
Maximum fare level cannot be higher
Mixed land use patterns, strict
zoning impossible
Majority trips less than 10 km
Transit system therefore must be
low cost and wide spread
DELHI CHARACTERSTICS AND PUBLIC TRANSPORT
ROHINII
DWARKA
GURGAON
GHAZIABAD
FARIDABAD
• The first corridor of BRT in Delhi is from
Ambedkar Nagar to Delhi Gate. It is 14.5 km.
long with minimum ROW at 28 meters and
maximum ROW at 51.5 meters.
• Total cost of the project is Rs. 215 crores at
an average cost of Rs. 14.83 crores/ km
27
SALIENT FEATURES OF SOLUTION FOR DELHI:
AMBEDKAR NAGAR- DLEHI GATE CORRIDOR
28
PEAK HOUR DENSITY OF BUSES
Peak Hour Density
Ambedkar Nagar- Press Enclave 93
Chirag Delhi - Andrews Ganj 75
Andrews Ganj - Moolchand 217
Moolchand - Bhagwan Das road 129
Bhagwan Das Road - Delhi Gate 419
• A total of 20 bus stops along the corridor are planned
• Generally 100-200 buses move on various sections during peak
hour catering to a maximum PHPDT of about 10000 on an
average day.
