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Regardless of size and scale, each data centre needs:1. An environment designed for
computer equipment
2. Cooling systems to maintain a safe operating temperature and humidity
3. Continuous, reliable power
4. A clean environment
5. The ability to maximise its usage Common elements of all datacentres
To classify the size of a data centre, the following factors need to be taken into consideration: • Number of racks• Total power capacity• Floor area• Total incoming power• Compute capacity• Size and business served• Criticality of services supported• Total IT power
Classifying data centre size
Data centre size definitions
Small• Single room• <100kW• Home facility
Medium• Single large or
multiple small• Up to 1MW• Large company
facility or small co-location
Large• Multiple halls• Multi MW• Large co-location
or hosting facility
Small FacilityCommon features • Tee off from a tenancy
LV supply• Shared with an office supply• Other tenants on the supplyRisks & challenges• Supply is out of direct control• Building maintenance impactBenefits• Low cost supply• Direct with Building Managers,
not Authority.
Medium FacilityCommon features• Dedicated LV supply• Dedicated substation• Shared feeder from street
HV supplyRisks & challenges• Risks at an Authority level• Transformer & HV assets
owned by others• Provision of easements –
sacrifice flexibility Benefits• Greater control over supply• Not sharing with non-DC
users at the LV level.
Large FacilityCommon features• High voltage customer
(11kV, 22kV, 33kV)• Private HV network, distribution
and transformer system• Dedicated feeder from zone or
Sub Transmission Station
Risks & challenges• Any impact on supply will be
widespread –disaster planning• Long lead times on upgrades• High costs
Benefits• Greater security pf supply • Maximum control over site
and infrastructure• Improved power costs.
Incoming power supplies
Differing regions of control
An overview of incoming connections
SmallLimited within building.
MediumControl over immediate environment.
LargeControl over wider environment.
Common features• Single supply source
and distribution• Small local UPS• No or shared tenant
generator
Risks & challenges• Limited redundancy in
the system• Primary Assets owned
and maintained by others
• Limited ability to upgrade
Benefits• Low cost supply• Drives alternate
solutions
Power supplies for small facilities
Common features• Redundant Distribution
and UPS systems• Dedicated backup
generators –Possibly redundancy
• On site fuel storage
Risks & challenges• Need reliable
maintenance contractors
• Minimal quantities of equipment
• Limited control with suppliers due to scale
Benefits• Dedicated resources
for the datacentre• Maintenance and
access can be restricted and controlled
• Higher levels of resiliency allow for improved maintenance
.
Power supplies for medium facilities
Common features• Multiple backup
systems with high levels of redundancy
• Multiple systems• DRUPS likely for high
power sites
Risks & challenges• Multiple systems to
maintain• System complexity
significantly higher• Likely based on larger
power blocks
Benefits• FM have higher
familiarity with systems – maintenance activities are frequent
• Improved supplier power due to scale
Power supplies for large facilities
SmallLimited complexity, but heavy reliance on a few key staff.
MediumGreater complexity, but dedicated FMs.
LargeMajor complexity, but detailed procedures and broad FM teams.
Complexities of different systems
Small FacilityCommon features• Using base building cooling • May be dedicated units• Operating from base building
plant systemsRisks & challenges• Limited control over base
building resources• May be physical restrictions –
roof heightBenefits• Likely to be lower loads• Small modular systems
suitable
Medium FacilityCommon features• Dedicated central plant
facilities• Computer room specific
cooling technologiesRisks & challenges• Increase in complexity• Greater need to co-ordinate
and integrate multiple systemsBenefits• Access to different systems –
free cooling
Large FacilityCommon features• Larger scale modules• Utilise High voltage Risks & challenges• Multiple systems to maintain• Difficulties with reticulation
and distribution Benefits• FM have higher familiarity with
systems as maintenance activities are frequent
• Improved supplier control due to scale
Cooling systems in different facilities
Cooling Systems – In a nutshell
Small Restricted based on space and budget constraints.
MediumAble to investigate alternate options.
LargeDriven by modularity and efficiency of scale.
Key differences between small, medium and large data centres
Sphere of control changes with size • Small – limited to immediate surrounds• Medium – control of the DC• Large – greater influence over external agencies
Mix of skills required shifts • Small – broad and wide ranging• Medium – dedicated services teams• Large – technical specialists essential
Technical drivers are different• Small – limited by space and building constraints• Medium – open to wide range of options• Large – driven by modularity and economy of scale
Want more information?
Contact
Matt GurrAurecon Associate+61 2 9465 [email protected]
Aurecon Aurecon
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