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GENERALISED PROBLEM SOLVING
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This presentation is on :
Acknowledgement
We are deeply indebted to our teacher Mr. Goutam Mandal for his
precious help and support . We are very grateful to our friends and
parents for their encouragement , without which this project would
not have been successful. Last but not the least the almighty God
without whose blessings it would not have been possible.
In the following presentation we are going to discuss about:
What a Problem actually is ?
What a Problem Solving process is ?
Various Steps in Problem solving process.
A flow chart summarizing Steps in Problem
solving process.
What Is A Problem ? We usually define a problem fairly negatively: a
problem is a hassle or a situation . This is often true, but more generally, a problem can be considered the difference between actual condition and desired condition.
Or it can be defined as any deviation from standard condition.
Some characteristics of problem are :
i. Most problems are solvable (or partially solvable, or
at least improvable). We can do something about
them.
ii. Problems are opportunities to make some good
things happen. If it weren't for problems, what would
be our motivation to create change?
iii. Problems are also challenges. They call upon the
best of our abilities, and ask us to go beyond what
we thought we could do.
What is the Problem Solving process ?
A Problem Solving process can be defined as
“a multi-step procedure or series of action
used to develop feasible solutions to the
identified problem”.
Steps in Problem Solving process.Effective problem solving usually involves working through a number of steps or
stages, such as the ones discussed below :
Step 1 : Define the problem (Problem Definition).i. The problem which is being or going to be dealt with should
have a proper definition.
ii. For appropriate solution consider problem definition carefully
as this will serve as the focal point of the problem solving
efforts.
Step 2 : Collect sufficient information and data.
I. Before attempting the solution all required data and valid facts
must be collected.
II. All possible tools must be at an arm’s length.
e.g. :-histograms, control chart, scatter diagram, check
sheet etc.
Step 3 : Analyse the problem.
i. Analysing the problem involves learning as much as you can
about it. It may be necessary to look beyond the obvious,
surface situation, to stretch your imagination and reach for
more creative options.
ii. Analysis of the problem must be carefully done.
iii. The collected informations and data serve as very important
tools for problem analysis.
Step 4 : Generating and choosing potential solutions.
i. The fourth step in problem solving is to identify possible solutions.
Brainstorming is a method of generating as many possible solutions to the
problem at hand .
ii. The reason for thinking of a lot of ideas is to increase the likelihood of
coming up with an effective solution.
iii. The main criteria are that each idea should be
relevant to the problem and have a chance of solving
the problem or contributing to solving it.
Step 5 - Decision Making
I. Once we have identified a number of potential solutions, the
fifth step is decision making. In this step we have to look in
more depth at the solutions generated during the
brainstorming process, and by weighing up the advantages and
disadvantages of potential solutions makes a decision about
which one to implement.
II. The aim is to find a solution that will be effective.
Step 6 – Implementation of the most
appropriate
solution.
i. Now, with your action steps in front of you, it's time to
start the grunt work of implementing your plan!
ii. Make sure, as you have been doing throughout the
problem-solving process.
Step 7 - Monitor the solution
I. If it not accomplishes the goal, modify the solution, or return to
step 4. Possible tools include control chart and run chart
II. Seeking feedback as to the success of the outcomes of the
chosen solution.
So, we can summarize the whole Problem
Solving process as in the following flow-chart.
This presentation is presented by :
Vikram Kumar, Roll number 93
Vishal Srivastava, Roll number 94
Zarbina Feza, Roll number 95
Ankita Saha, Roll number 97
CSE-2 Second Year ,4Th Semester.
THANK YOU!