Network Communication

Daffodil International University, EEE

NameMd. Mujahiduzzaman

contents

Cellular NetworkHalf And Full DuplexCircuit-switched networkRadio CommunicationHTTP Protocol File Transfer ProtocolNATDSL

Cellular Networks (Cont.)

A cellular network is a radio network made up of a number of radio cells each served by at least one fixed location transceiver known as a base station.

Reduced power usage. Larger coverage area. An example of a simple non-telephone cellular system is an taxi drivers radio

system.

Cellular Networks (Working)

Half And Full Duplex (cont.)

Half duplex is a both stations transmit , but only one at a time.

Example: police radio

Full duplex is a simultaneous transmissions.

Example: telephone

Half And Full Duplex

Circuit-switched network (Cont.)

Connection-oriented network is called a circuit-switched network.

Circuit switched networks did not dynamically recreate dropped circuits.

Example: telephone network .

Link: http://www.highteck.net/EN/Basic/Internetworking.html

Circuit-switched network

Radio Communication (cont.)

It is wireless communication system.

The information is being carried by the electromagnetic waves .

electromagnetic waves are waves that travel at the speed of light and made up of an electrical field.

Radio Communication

HTTP Protocol (cont.)

Hypertext Transfer Protocol.

HTTP client sends a request message to an HTTP server.

HTTP is a stateless protocol.

Link: https://www.ntu.edu.sg/home/ehchua/programming/webprogramming/HTTP_Basics.html

HTTP Protocol

File Transfer Protocol (cont.)

it is very uncommon to share folders over the Internet.

File transfers over the Internet use special techniques, of which one of the oldest and most widely-used is FTP.

File Transfer Protocol can transfer files between any computers that have an Internet connection.

It works between computers using totally different operating systems.

Link: http://www.deskshare.com/resources/articles/ftp-how-to.aspx

File Transfer Protocol

NAT (Cont.)

NAT means Network Address Translation.

The simplest type of NAT provides a one-to-one translation of IP addresses.

Basic NATs can be used to interconnect two IP networks that have incompatible addressing.

Network address translation is not commonly used in IPv6

Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_address_translation#NAT_in_IPv6

https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Communication_Networks/NAT_and_PAT_Protocols

NAT

DNS (Cont.)

DNS means Domain Name System.

The root DNS server maintains information about where a top-level (.com) DNS server is located and returns this information to the ISP’s DNS Server.

he ISP’s DNS server redirects the query to a top-level (.com) DNS server.

Lastly, the ISP’s DNS server sends the IP address to the client computer so the client can access www.yourcompany.com.

Link: http://www.uxworld.com/?p=384

DNS

SMTP (Cont.)

SMTP means Simple Mail Transfer Protocol.

SMTP sender sends MAIL command indicating the sender of the mail.

The SMTP-Sender  then sends a command identifying a recipient of the mail.

Sending machine is operating as a client and the receiving as a server.

Link: http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Projects/CAL/networks/Network-Transport_Application_Layers.htm#smtp

SMTP (Cont.)

DSL (Cont.)

DSL means Digital Subscriber Lines.

range from 128 kbps to 1.54 Mbps.

DSL achieves higher data transfer rates by utilizing more of the available bandwidth spectrum.

frequency range 0 ~ 3400 Hz.

 larger bandwidth is available, allowing for greater transfer rates.

Link: http://www.infocellar.com/cable-dsl/DSL.htm

DSL