Introduction to Optical Fiber Communication

Lokendra Pankaj

Assistant Professor

Dept. of Electronics & Comm. Engg.

Content

• Frequency band and wavelength for OFC

• Principal of optical fiber communication

• Communication types

• General communication system

• Optical fiber communication system

• Transmitter section

• Splices and coupler

• Receiver section

Frequency Band and Wavelength For Optical Fiber communication

Optical fiber

comm.

Principle of Optical Fiber Communication System

n2

n1

n2

n1

Communication System

Wireless Wired

(Free Space) 1. Copper Cable (KHz)

(KHz, MHz GHz) 2. Wave Guide (GHz)

3. Optical Fiber Comm. ( THz)

General Communication systems

Transmitter section

Wireless channel

Receiver section

Information source

Destination

Transmitter antenna

Receiver antenna

Optical Communication systems

Amplifier

Splice

Coupler

Photo detector

Light SourceDrive Circuit

(V-I convertor)

Optical RxOptical Rx

Eletrical Signal

Transmitter Section

To other circuit

Optical s/g

Optical s/g

Optical s/g

Optical TxOptical Tx

Electronic CircuitElectronic Circuit

Electrical s/g

Optical s/g

To the

destination

Repeater

Connector

Electrical s/g

Receiver section

Optical Fiber Cable

Transmitter Section

1. Drive Circuit (V-I convertor) :-it provide the electrical interface b/w input circuitry and light source.

2. Light source :- It convert the electrical input current into the optical

signal.

we can use LED and laser.

3. Connector :- It is a temporary connection b/w light source and ofc cable.

Splices

• Splices:-– A permanent connection b/w fiber to fiber is called

splice.– It is also two type

1. Fusion 2. Mechanical

• Glass electrode before

installation• Optical mechanical gel after

installation

• Ferrule

• V-Grove

• 3 Tube

Photo Detector :-

•We can use PIN diode or Avalanche photo diode as a photo detector.•Photo detector convert the optical signal into the electrical output.

Receiver Section