Presented By:

Rajesh Raushan

Roll No: PU-160591108A2

B.E. /EC/7th sem./ 4th yr.

People’s University

CONTENTS Introduction Definition of automationTypes of AutomationControl systemPlcProgramming of plcAdvantages and disadvantages of plcSCADAFeatures of SCADAAutomation technologyApplication

INTRODUCTION

Automation is encompassing virtually every

walk of life.

Automation solutions are required right from

agricultural to space technology.

Plant Automation is the necessity for the

manufacturing industry to survive in

today’s globally competitive market

Automation is basically the delegation of human control function to technical equipment for:

Increasing Productivity

Increasing Quality

Reducing Cost

Increasing Safety in working conditions

5

USE OF AUTOMATION

6

TYPES OF AUTOMATION

Building automationExample: lifts, smoke detectors

Office automationExample: printers, cctv cameras

Scientific automationExample: rocket launching

Light automationExample: street solar lightening

Industrial automation Example: automated bottle filling stations , steel

factories etc

INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION

The use of Computerized or robotic devices to

complete manufacturing task.

PLANTFIELD

INSTRUMENT

CONTROL SYSTEM

HARDWARE CONTROL

SOFTWARE CONTROL

CONTROL SYSTEM

Manual control

Pneumatic control

Hard wired logic control

Electronics control

PLC control.

PLCA PLC (Programmable Logic Controllers) is an industrial computer used to monitor inputs, and depending upon their state make decisions based on its program or logic, to control (turn on/off) its outputs to automate a machine or a process.

PLCS

MAJOR COMPONENT OF PLC

PROCESSOR

POWERSUPPLY

I M

N O

P D

U U

T L

E

O M

U O

T D

P U

U L

T E

PROGRAMMING

DEVICE

From

SENSORS

Pushbuttons,

contacts,

limit switches,etc.

To

OUTPUT

Solenoids,

contactors,

alarmsetc.

Programming language in plc

Ladder Logic ( LAD/LD )

Structured Text ( ST)

Instruction List ( IL )

Sequential Function Chart ( SFC )

Function Block Diagram ( FBD )

A B Logic(Y)

OFF

OFF

ON

ON

OFF

ON

OFF

ON

OFF

OFF

OFF

ON

AND Gate

A B Y

A B Logic(Y)

OFF

OFF

ON

ON

OFF

ON

OFF

ON

OFF

ON

ON

ON

OR Gate

A

B

Y

NOR Gate

A B Y

A B Logic(Y)

OFF

OFF

ON

ON

OFF

ON

OFF

ON

ON

ON

ON

OFF

A B Logic(Y)

OFF

OFF

ON

ON

OFF

ON

OFF

ON

ON

OFF

OFF

OFF

NAND Gate

B

Y

A

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF A PLC

OutputsLEDs

Inputs

Ladder Logic Program for Start/Stop of Motor :

X2X1

Y1

Y1

PROGRAMMING PLC:

STARTING OF MOTOR:

Continuous Running of motor when Start Button is released:

TO STOP THE MOTOR :

Reliability.

Flexibility in programming and reprogramming.

Cost effective for controlling complex systems.

Small physical size, shorter project time.

High speed of operation.

Ability to communicate with computer systems in the plant.

Ease of maintenance /troubleshooting.

Reduced space.

Energy saving.

DISADVANTAGES OF PLCS

PLC devices are proprietary it means that part or software of one manufacturer can’t be used in combination with parts of another manufacturer.

Limited design and cost option

Fixed Circuit Operations.

PLCs manufacturers offer only closed architectures.

Wherever automation is desired the PLCs are best

suited to meet the task.

Few examples of industries where PLCs are used :

1) Robots manufacturing and control

2) Car park control

3) Train control station system

4) Food processing

5) Materials handling

6)Machine tools

7)Conveyer system etc.

SCADA

Stands for Supervisory Control & Data Acquisition Software.

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System refers to a system that enables an electric utility to monitor, coordinate, control and operate distribution components and devices in a real-time mode from remote locations with acquisition of data for analysis and planning, from one central location

FEATURES OF SCADA

Dynamic process graphic

Real-time and Historical trending

Alarms

Recipe Management

Security

Device connectivity

Script for logic development

Database connectivity

LEADING SCADA SOFTWAREWonderware : InTouch

Intellution : Fix DMACS

Merz : Aspic

Allen Bradley : Rsview

Siemens : WinCC

GE Fanuc : Cimplicity

KPIT : ASTRA

ADVANCE AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGY

Control Pannel

SCADA software

Field bus scanner

Smart Transmitters Placed in the field

ADVANTAGESAccurate and consistent information

Faster fault identification

Improved availability of system Increased Production

ADVANTAGESReduced Cost

Maintenance of Quality & Quantity

Improved Safety Conditions

DISADVANTAGES The main disadvantages of automation are:

Technology limits: Current technology is unable to automate all the desired tasks.

Unpredictable development costs:The research and development cost of automating a process is difficult to predict accurately beforehand. Since this cost can have a large impact on profitability, it's possible to finish automating a process only to discover that there's no economic advantage in doing so.

Initial costs are relatively high: The automation of a new product required a huge initial investment in comparison with the unit cost of the product, although the cost of automation is spread in many product batches

APPLICATION1. Automated Video surveillance

2.Automated Highway Systems

APPLICATION

3.Automated manufacturing 4.Home Automation

Thank You!!!

QUERIES