A

Report

On

“Summer training & industrial visit”

At

“Rajasthan Atomic Power Station, Rawatbhata”

Submitted as a requirement for the partial fulfillment of degree of

Session: 2016-2017

Submitted

by

OM PRAKASH

GOVT. ENGINEERING COLLEGE AJMER

Department of ELECTRONICS INSTRUMENTATION and CONTROL Engineering

Govt. Engineering College, Ajmer

Rajasthan Technical University

CERTIFICATE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The internship opportunity I had with RAJASTHAN ATOMIC POWER STATION was a

great chance for learning and professional development. Therefore, I consider myself as a very

lucky individual as I was provided with an opportunity to be a part of it Bearing in mind

previous I am using this opportunity to express my deepest gratitude and special thanks to the

NPCIL training co-coordinate Mr. R.K. Sharma who in spite of being extraordinarily busy

with her/his duties, took time out to hear, guide and keep me on the correct path and allowing

me to carry out my project at their esteemed organization and extending during the training.

I would also like to thank to Dr. J. K. DEEGWAL (Head of Department, Electronic

Instrumentation & Control Engineering), Sh. H. S. MEWARA (Associate Professor), Sh.

AJAY DADHICH (Assistant Professor), Dr. C. P. JAIN (Assistant professor) and faculty

members of the department, who often helped and gave me guidance to prepare my report.

Last but not the least, I would like to thank my colleagues who helped me a lot in gathering

information, collecting data and guiding me from time to time in making this project despite

of their busy schedules, they gave me different ideas in making this project unique.

OM PRAKASH

(13EEAEI031)

ABSTRACT

During my vocational training at Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited. I have tried to

amass as much knowledge I can get on the Nuclear Energy generation. The report tells us about

the various aspects of Nuclear Energy generation. This Internship is organized as follows; the

first section provides the review of relevant literature on internship, followed by a discussion

on the research methodology adopted in this study.

The remaining sections report the findings and conclusion of the study. I saw various processes

and equipment’s used in production of electricity by nuclear power that were studied in books

and this had help me in understanding of power generation and various aspects related to it.

However, this aspect also depends to a significant extent on proper engineering.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER PAGE NO

CERTIFICATE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ABSTRACT

1. INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 PHYSICAL LOCATION 1

1.2 ABOUT NUCLEAR ENERGY 2

1.3 NEED FOR NUCLEAR POWER 3

1.4 SO THE NUCLEAR POWER 3

1.5 NUCLEAR POWER IS SAFE 4

1.6 PRINCIPLE OF NUCLEAR REACTION 4

2. CLASSIFICATION OF POWER REACTORS 6

2.1 FAST REACTORS 6

2.2 THERMAL REACTORS 6

2.2.1 TYPES OF THERMAL REACTORS 7

2.2.2 HEAVY WATER MODERATOR REACTOR 8

2.2.3 PRESSURIZED HEAVY WATER REACTOR 8

2.2.4 GRAPHITE MODERATED REACTORS 8

3. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION OF RAPS 10

3.1 THE PRIMARY HEAT TRANSPORT SYSTEM 10

3.1.1 PRINCIPLE OPERATION 10

3.1.2 DESCRIPTION 10

3.2 RANKINE CYCLE 12

4. MAIN COMPONENTS OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANT 14

4.1 REACTOR BUILDING 14

4.1.1 PHT SYSTEM 14

4.1.2 MODERATOR SYSTEM 19

4.2 STEAM TURBINE 21

4.2.1 WORKING PRINCIPLE OF STEAM TURBINE 21

4.2.2 IMPORTANT ELEMENTS OF TURBINE 22

4.2.3 TYPES OF TURBINES 22

4.2.4 COMPOUNDING IN IMPULSE TURBINE 22

4.2.5 IMPULSE VS REACTION-PRESENT TREND 23

4.3 CONDENSOR 24

4.3.1 FUCTION 24

4.3.2 TYPES OF CONDENSER 25

4.3.3 MATERIALS FOR CONDENSER TUBES 26

4.4 DEAERATOR 27

4.4.1 FUNCTIONS 28

4.4.2 PRINCIPLE OF DEAERATION 28

4.4.3 A TYPICAL DEAERATOR 28

4.4.4 DEAERATOR SPECIFICATION 29

4.5 DRAIN COOLER 30

4.6 FEED WATER HEATER 30

4.6.1 HIGH PRESSURE FEED WATER HEATER 31

4.6.2 LOW PRESSURE FEED WATER HEATER 32

4.7 PUMPS 34

4.7.1 MODERATOR CIRCULATING PUMP 34

4.7.2 PRIMARY HEAT TRANSPORT CIRCULATING PUMP 34

4.7.3 BOILER FEED PUMP 34

4.7.4 CONDENSATE EXTRACTION PUMP 35

4.8 COOLING TOWERS 35

4.8.1 IDCT 35

4.8.2 NDCT 35

5. ZONE CLASSIFICATION 36

5.1 METHODS OF MEASURING DOSE 36

5.1.1 DIRECT READING DOSIMETER (DRD) 36

5.1.2 THERMO LUMINESCENCE DOSIMETER (TLD) 36

6. RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT 37

6.1 GENERAL 37

6.2 SOLID RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 37

6.3 LIQUID RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 37

6.4 GASEOUS RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 38

7. RADIATION SAFETY 39

8. CONCLUSION 41

9. BIBLIOGRAPHY 42

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE NO. TITLE NAME PAGE NO.

1 RAPS 1&2 1

2 RAPS 3&4 2

3 RAPS 5&6 2

4 Nuclear Defragmentation Reaction 5

5 Rankine Cycle 13

6. Rankine Cycle on P-V, T-S, H-S axis 13

7. Structure of Calandria 15

8. Fuel Bundle 17

9. Moderator System 21

10. Condenser 26

11. High Pressure Feed Water Heater 32

12. Low Pressure Feed Water Heater 33