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This presentation will give the basic idea for redesigning the seminar.This presentation covers the basic of acoustical approach along with the civil engineering aspects.
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1
DESIGN OF SEMINAR HALL
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAHDiploma in civil engineeringVartak polytechnicVasai-west ,Dist-ThaneINDIA
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 2
INTRODUCTIONSeminar hall rooms are designed to
facilitate interaction and face-to-face discussion among students
Our primary reason for asking you to read this guidance is to convey the lessons learned and help you avoid “reinventing the wheel” as design of future projects proceeds. We are confident this will expedite the design process and create better learning environments.
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 3
OBJECTIVESOur program to upgrade learning environments
has the following objectives:Encourage interactive learningProvide comfortable seating with larger work
surfacesAdd multi-media audio-visual systems with
good sight linesProvide a link to the Internet from every
learning roomImprove access for all personsIncrease flexibility to respond to future needsIncrease seminar hall use rates
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 4
LITERATURE REVIEW
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 5
Seats
The acoustical property of the seats should be essentially the same whether they are vacant or occupied.
When selecting seating in order to achieve minimum standards of comfort, aspects such as width of seat, type of lumbar support, appearance, versatility of seating, replacement availability/ease of maintenance and cost should be considered
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 6
TYPES OF SEATING MOVABLE SEATING FIXED SEATING
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 7
The following seating types do not meet this guidance and should not be considered
Movable chairs with tablet-armsPivot-arm seats without adjustable-height
seats and backsPivot-arm seats that do not comfortably
accommodate large/small studentsPedestal seats bolted to the floorMovable student desks with seats attachedCustom-designs that cannot be used by all
students, such as:Oversize tables and chairsAdjustable-height tables
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 8
The Seminar hall Interiors
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 9
DESIGN OF SEMINAR HALL
Seminar halls should be developed and designed from the “inside out”. The following items should be considered when creating a new seminar hall:
The optimum orientation and shape of the seminar hall should be determined by the primary expected teaching style, the capacity of the room, and the level of mediation.
Designing for the flexibility of room use is strongly encouraged. The more square footage allotted to each student, the greater the
opportunity for flexibility.
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 10
WINDOWS
Daylight is an important part of most learning environments. Windows should be included in seminar halls whenever possible. Lecture halls require excellent light control. This can be accomplished by eliminating windows (except for the vision panels in the doors) or by having shades that completely block the light. If windows must be preserved as an exterior architectural element, glass panes can be replaced with mirrors or other opaque material or the entire window opening can be covered on the inside with some type of decorative/acoustic panel.
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 11
PROJECTION SCREEN
Because many seminar hall rooms are rather small, they may have a single screen. If users need a second screen and space permits, it is always preferable to mount two screens. The screen(s) should be matte white and mounted so that board space is available when one screen is down.
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 12
Ceiling-Mounted Projectors
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 13
Ceiling-Mounted ProjectorsLow noise levelUniformly bright, clear images with
good resolution and excellent color rendition
Compatibility with other audio-visual components
Reliability; availability and cost of replacement parts
Compact size to avoid blocking views of screens and marker boards
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 14
Equipment Closets
Increasingly, users find it more convenient to have equipment at the front of the lecture hall where it is more convenient to the instructor. AV equipment closets often house equipment in racks as well as carts for equipment that isn’t permanently installed in the room but is used on a regular basis
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 15
Increase energy efficiency and the ability to see projected images by using:
Lighting controls that automatically turn off lights in vacant rooms Energy-efficient dimmable lighting for seating areas Light fixtures that don’t block views of: Screens, marker boards, or instructors Light paths from projectors Lighting zones and levels appropriate for each area of the room
(see diagram): 70 foot-candles over seating areas only, dimmable to 5 to 10 foot-
candles In rooms were very dark images such as x-rays are projected,
provide lighting dimmable to 2 foot-candles and full blackout capability
Avoid lights in front of projection screens Lower light levels in corridors and instructor areas, and on ramps
and tiered floors Task light for instructor work stations that avoid light spill over to
screens/monitors
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 16
Walls and Ceiling
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 17
WALLSWalls should be constructed of a
durable material that is easy to maintain and should be basically acoustically non-absorbent except in those areas of the lecture halls where acoustical treatment is prescribed.
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 18
CEILINGThe ceiling is the most critical
element in insuring that the sound in the lecture hall is distributed evenly and at appropriate loudness to all portions of the seating area. The ceiling should act as a sound mirror, reflecting sound downward to blend with the sound from the speaker system.
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 19
ACOUSTICSThe word acoustics is originally
derived from a Greek word meaning to hear. Hence, the acoustics is defined as the science of sound and as such, it discusses the origin, propagation and auditory sensation of sound.
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 20
VELOCITY OF SOUND
The speed at which the sound waves travel or pass through any medium is termed as the sound velocity and it depends on the nature and temperature of medium through which the sound travels. Table gives the sound velocities in different mediums
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 21
SOUND VELOCITIES IN DIFFERENT MEDIUMS
MediumSound velocity at 20 *
C in m/sec
Atmospheric air 340
Hydrogen 1305
Nitrogen 338
Pure water 1450
Granite 6400
Glass 5000 to 6000
Aluminum 5100
Brick 4300
Concrete 4000
Iron 4700 to 5100
Copper 3900
Brass 3500
Silver 2600
Lead 1320
Cork 450 to 530
Rubber 40 to 150
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 22
dB METER
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 23
A sound level meter or sound meter is an instrument that measures sound pressure level, commonly used in noise pollution studies for the quantification of different kinds of noise, especially for industrial, environmental and aircraft noise
It is generally used to calculate the intensity of sound at any distance we want itis very useful instrument when learning about itensity of sound and basic unit of measurement is in decibels
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 24
SABIN’S EQUATION
Prof. W.C. Sabine of Harvard University, U.S.A. carried out a number of experiments in rooms of different sizes and he was able to establish the following formula which is knows as Sabin’s equationt=Where t= reverberation time in secondsV= volume in m3 A= total absorbing power in m2-sabins=(a1s1+a2s2+a3s3+…..) Absorption units of individual objectsS1, s2, s3etc .being the coefficient of absorptionof respective surfaces a1, a2, a3, etc.
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 25
ABSORBENT MATERIALS
Most of the common building materials absorb sound to a small extent and hence, for better acoustical requirement, some other materials are to be incorporated on the surfaces of the room. Such materials are known as the absorbent materials and they help a great deal in making the room acoustically good.
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 26
The requirements of a god acoustical material are as follows
It should be durable and should not be liable to be attacked by insects, termites , etc.
It should be easily available at a reasonable cost. It should be efficient over a wide range of
frequencies. It should be fire resistant. It should be non-hygroscopic and heat insulating. It should be self-supporting and should be
capable of easy fixing. It should give pleasing appearance after fixing. It should have high coefficient of absorption. It should have sufficient structural strength
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 27
FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE ACOUSTIC DESIGN OF AN SEMINAR HALL
VolumeSound absorptionShapeSite selectionSeats and seating
arrangement
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 28
DEFECTS IN SEMINAR HALL
Dead spotsLoudnessExterior noiseFormation of echoesSound fociReverberation
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 29
CASE STUDYFor our topic design of seminar hall we
considered the seminar hall of BHAUSAHEB VARTAK POLYTECHNIC the current acoustical properties were studied and we suggested 3 changes in order to improve the acoustical properties of the seminar hall the changes will help to make the seminar hall acoustically sound. All the dimensions were calculated of semianr hall
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 30
CASE STUDY
So the 3 changes were Changing the position of speakerAddition of curtains on windowsAddition of carpet So in the next slide these were the
current condition of seminar hall
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 31
Current condition of seminar hall
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 32
Modified seminar hall
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 33
The red color represents the carpet then the curtains are shown on windows and the speaker location is changed in order to make it acoustically sound.
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 34
ConclusionThis Design Guidance for Learning Environments
is intended to answer the questions our design consultants ask most frequently. It is intended to be performance-oriented, not prescriptive, so that creative design solutions can be developed within the general guidelines presented as long as performance goals are met
Design guidance is of little value if it is not read, understood, or followed. We welcome suggestions to improve it, and we actively solicit opinions from faculty, students, and staffs after new rooms are brought on-line.
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 35
FUTURE SCOPEThis project will result in benefit of
the student. Better amenities in the seminar hall can help students to understand the topic effectively. Development on this project is essential part of the education; better hall we provided to student will result in better scores and understanding in them. This project will help us for the future projects taken by us
BY RUSHABH .H. SHAH 36
Bibliography
Rangwala, building construction (2011). Acoustics Building bulletin 93. Acoustic design of schools Georgia institute of technology – Ga Tech (2005) A method to predict reverberation time concert hall preliminary design stage. Journal of building acoustics- vol 18 – Improvement in acoustics. Arizona state university (2011) - Classroom design guide. Idoha state university (2010/2011) – Design standards University of Maryland (2004)- Classroom design manual