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• Deploy DER controllers which embed a sub-meter and frequency-controlled relays, withremotelly controllable threshold
• Gather the effective power consumption of eachload
• Build a stairs droop curve that approach theconventional droop curve of bulk generation unitby assigning a specific threshold to each load
• Send down the frequency threshold to each DERcontroller
49.85 49.9 49.95 50 50.05 50.1 50.15
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Frequency Threshold (in Hz)49.85 49.9 49.95 50 50.05 50.1 50.15
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Daily duration of load modulation expected depending on the frequency threshold
Opportunities of DER…but it is as well:•compliant with wide range of DERs
•characterized by short and limitedevents simply addressable by DER:
Process Challenges of FCRThe FCR is…• a costly service for the EuropeanTSOs:
• impacted by the conventional assetsphasing-out:
• Tackled by a diminution of thesystem frequency’s quality :
DISTRIBUTED AND COORDINATED DEMAND RESPONSE FOR THE SUPPLY OF FREQUENCY CONTAINMENT RESERVE (FCR)a VPP that coordinates distributed loads modulation for Ancillary Services supply to the Utilities
The Magritte Group called in 2014 for immediate measures to safeguard the European PowerSystem infrastructures that could be weakened by the closure of Gigawatts of bulk generationunits across Europe. One challenge is to replace these historic suppliers of FrequencyContainment Reserves (FCR). The VPP we are developing could so provide a first answer to suchpower system stability issue by transferring the supply of FCR to distributed loads.
VIRTUAL POWER PLANT (VPP), DEMAND RESPONSE (DR), SMART GRID, POWER SYSTEM STABILITY, FREQUENCY CONTAINMENT RESERVE (FCR)
KEY WORDS
CIRED 2015 poster session – paper n°1037 – session n°4
Gaspard LEBELRaphaël CAIRE
Nouredine HADJSAIDUniv. Grenoble Alpes, G2Elab – France
Karel KUYPERSTUE Eindhoven – The Netherland
Stéphane BEDIOUAlain GLATIGNY
Schneider Electric – France
Evolution of frequency deviation in the Northern
Europe Synchronous Area over the 15 last years
(source: ENTSO-E)
Project ChronologyMilano Airport
GreEn-ER Building
Sept 2015
Sept 2016
Sept 2014
Jan 2014
June 2015
On-site demonstration
Algorithm developmentsKick-off
Pre-industrial coord.platform development
In-lab tests
[email protected] gaspard-lebel @gaspardlebel
Evolution of the French conventional thermal plant
capacity (excluding nuclear) (source: RTE 2014)
Estimated FCR Gross Product
CE 400M€/year
GB 88M€/year
IRE 2.4M€/year
NE 200M€/year
TotEurope
≈700M€/year
FCR in Europe: 5.36GW+ / 5.1GW-
300MW
600MW+/
350MW-
1600MW
3000MW
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* statistical maximum lengh
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Maximum* duration of load modulation events depending on the frequency threshold (in min)
Frequency Threshold (in Hz)49.85 49.9 49.95 50 50.05 50.1 50.15
Mea
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50Mean duration of load modulation events depending on the frequency threshold (in s)
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