Design, Installation, and Operation of a 600 MW Hydroelectric Power Plant

Objectives of the study

The researchers will focus on the following objectives of the study:Generally, To design, install and operate a 600MW run-off-river Hydro-power plant.Specifically,1. The turbine capacity needed for operating at a 600MW run-off-river Hydro-power plant.2. The Penstock diameter to be used in a 600MW run-off-river Hydro-power plant.3. The number of turbine blades and the RPM of the turbine for the Hydro plant.4. To determine the total investment cost and the time for the return of investment.

Theoretical and Conceptual Framework

HYDRO-POWER FROM RUN-OFF-RIVERS

RESEARCH ON POSSIBLE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE TECHNOLOGY IN THE COMMUNITY

IMPACT TO THE COMMUNITY (GOOD OR BAD)    

Hydropower Plant Diagram

Design Computations

VOLUME FLOW RATEQ = A/VWe divided the 600MW to 3 turbines with 200MW Capacity due to availability in the market factors.Generator efficiency = 0.85 (Source: Kent Handbook)Assuming height = 300mTurbine and generator combined efficiency = 86%(Source: Americana Encyclopedia)

Design Computations

For 200MW francis turbineP = 200MWP = pgQhQ = (200,000,000W)/(1000)(9.81)(300)(0.86)Q = 79.02

Design Computations

Getting the velocity:V = Where h = 300So: V = V = 76.72

Design Computations

Getting the penstock diameter:Q = AVWhere:Q = 79.02V = 76.72

Design Computations

A = A = A = 1.034A=∏D = D = D = 1.145m - penstock diameter

Design Computations

Assuming the penstock length is 600mCompute for the friction loss:Get the reynold’s number

First we need to get the Friction coefficientAmbient temperature of water is equal to 26From engineering tool box:@ 20 friction coefficient is 1.002@ 30 friction coefficient is 0.798

Design Computations

So getting for the 26 friction coefficient we must interpolate the values, so:

Temperature Friction coefficient 20 1.002 26 30 0.798

Design Computations

X = 0.1224

Design Computations

Get the reynold’s numberWhere:

Design Computations

Our material for penstock piping is concrete so we get the concrete value

Design Computations

Design Computations

Design Computations

Design Computations

f = 0.0035 + 0.0007562Z = fluid viscosityD = Internal Diameter of pipe, mS = specific gravity of waterV = velocity, m/sf = 0.0035 + 0.0007562f = 0.0035 + 0.0001109f = 0.003607 – friction factor

Design Computations

Effective head, m

+ 7.4m

Penstock efficiency = Penstock efficiency = 97.59%

WATER POWER

H = Height 79.02

- total water power rating

GENERATOR RATING

202,548.40KW 607,645.206KW– total generator power rating

SPECIFIC SPEED

Computing for the specific speed Source: Mark’s handbookHighest practicable speed for francis turbine can be computed by the formula:

Solving for synchronous speed

PERIPHERAL COEFFICIENT, ϴ

ϴ = D = diameter of the runnerN = angular speedH = net headUsing equation from Mark’s HandbookP = N =

Design Computations

Find D1 and N1

= 41.27KW 

Design Computations

RUNNER DIAMETER

= DPeripheral coefficient, ϴ

ϴ = ϴ = 0.00051269

Design Computations

Computing for the main shaft torque:P = 2∏

Design Computations

Main shaftMedium grade carbon steel forging torsional stress from 3000 to

6000 or 20 to 41Assume torsional stress = 41 or 41,000

Design Computations

Shaft diameter formula:

Computing for the number of blades of francis turbine

Design Computations

For the governor capacity (G)

ECONOMIC ASPECTS

Summing of various elements of cost:Civil works

P54500050400.00Mechanical – Electrical works

P37675320000.00Project Management and Engineering

P3405408000.00Administrative Overhead

P22702720000.00 TOTAL PROJECT COST P 95,

851, 050, 400.00