PRINTING

ADDING NEW DIMENSIONS TO THE CIVIL ENGINEERING

IntroductionHistoryWorking of 3D printerPresent scenarioFutureConclusion

Contents

3D printing is a manufacturing process that builds layers to create a 3D solid object from a digital model.

Introduction

The process of printing buildings and their components by 3D printer is known as contour crafting

It uses quick setting

concrete as a basic construction material in the same way as ink is used by 2D printers

Insertion of everyStructural component plumbing, wiring and even consumer devices audiovisual systems is made possible in contour crafting With the invent of 3D printers your building is only a print command away from you

Technology of printing 3d objects from digital data was first of all developed by Charles Hull in 1984 and was named as stereo-lithography.

In 1993 MIT presented another technology and named it 3D printing technique.

In 2001 rep rap project was initiated which can print 2000 prototypes in a day from any material.

But the actual breakthrough occurred in the year 2006 with the advent of the technology known as contour crafting which is uniquely applicable to the construction of large building by 3D printing.

HISTORY

HOW 3D PRINTER WORKS STEP 1ST :-CAD software exports files in standard formats for 3D printing and forms A 3D mesh out of it.

Cad software file 3D mesh

STEP 2nd :-3D print software analyses the model and slices it into a number of cross sections.

Analysis by 3D print software View of sliced model

Step 3rd :-Each layer is printed one atop the other until the model is complete.

Printing of layers one atop other Finished model ready to use

Accurate construction There are no chances of error in 3D printed construction Reduced labour and cost. It does not employ any labour for construction or during

construction phase.

Reduced waste generation Nothing goes waste in 3D printing construction as those raw

materials that are not used are retained by printer and recycled.

SUPERIORITY OF THE 3D PRINTING 0VER CONVENTIONAL METHODS

Reduced health and safety risks It replaces the dangerous jobs on site with printing process.

Bridging gaps between architectural and civil engineering works

It bridges gap through rapid prototype technique.

Time saving It is incredibly faster than the conventional methods hence saves our

time.

Eco-friendly Last but not the least it is eco-friendly, as it uses recycled materials.

PRESENT SCNARIO OF 3D PRINTING

3D printing is not only limited to the rapid prototyping but a company in china has designed a gigantic 3D printer of the size 32*10*6.6 meter that can print 200 square feet detached single story room which costs less than $5000 and the printer can print at the phenomenal rate of 10 buildings per day

image showing truss members during construction and after finishing

3D printers at present have created a truss support system within the cement beams, saving weight and increasing strength at the same time, as well the good replacement to concrete

Zahouda group a Chinese firm has assembled 90% of the house in front of live audience in just 3 hours with complete interiors wiring, plumbing and sanitary ware. An another miracle of 3D printing

3D printed house popularly known as canal house is being built in Amsterdam entirely by 3D printer known as kamermaker (room maker in Dutch)

POPULARITY OF 3D PRINTING

NASA is planning to construct the extra terrestrial

Structures by 3D printing technology on Moon and Mars for astronauts to stay that too by entirely commanding the printer from earth itself.

FUTURE OF 3D PRINTING

After canal house Amsterdam is going is print the bridge from 3D printer by converting the design of printer from a box to the robotic arms

By 3D Printing, Construction of luxury structures with exotic architectural designs involving complex curves and other geometries is made possible.

There are numerous research tasks that need to be undertaken to bring the 3D printing construction technology to commercial use.

We hope one day we will print the entire cities, including roads by 3D Printer.

CONCLUSION

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