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01WORLD IA DAY 2015 PRESENTATION TITLE HERE
INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE FOR DECISION MAKING
01WORLD IA DAY 2016 PRESENTATION TITLE HERE
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INFORMATION ARCHITECTUREFOR DECISION MAKING
01WORLD IA DAY 2016 PRESENTATION TITLE HERE
TABLE OF CONTENTS • What is Information Architecture?• The challenges• Why do we apply Information Architecture for decision making?• How do we apply it?• References
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ABOUT US
• Strategic consulting firm providing services for Digital Transformation
• Business Intelligence• Information Architecture• Service Design• Knowledge Management
“Information Everywhere, Architects Everywhere”WIAD2016
THANK YOU.
01WORLD IA DAY 2015 PRESENTATION TITLE HERE
WHAT IS INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE?
01WORLD IA DAY 2016 PRESENTATION TITLE HERE
WHAT IS INFORMATION?
DATA CONTENT INFORMATION KNOWLEDGEFacts and statistics collected together
for reference or analysis (Stevenson, 2010).Things that are being arranged or sequenced (Covert, 2014).
Analyzed data. Facts that have been organized in order to impart meaning
(Dalkir, 2011).
Understanding gained through experience and study
(Covert, 2014).
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01WORLD IA DAY 2016 PRESENTATION TITLE HERE
IA DETERMINES STRUCTURE AND MEANING• “When we architect information, we determine the
structures we need to communicate our message”. (Covert, 2014)
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HOW DO WE UNDERSTAND INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE AT RIZOM?• Organize: impose order and structure on things, and on information about things (see more in Glushko, 2014).• Design: we relate it to the disciplines of product design and user experience • Architecture: research, planning (forethought), design, construction.
• “Information architecture is the way that we arrange the parts of something to make it understandable”. (Covert, 2014)
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HOW DO WE UNDERSTAND INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE AT RIZOM?
• You can use the Information Architecture methodology not only to arrange the parts of a website or an interface, but also to arrange the parts of a client’s “problem”, from an information point of view.
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BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE DASHBOARDS NEED IA
THANK YOU.
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THE CHALLENGES
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MESSES AND CONFUSION
01 DATA MESES. Our digital world contains several data messes. Confusion or difficulty are common reactions when we try to manage data.
02 HUMAN NETWORKS. Users and stakeholders are embedded in networks and respond differently and have many different perceptions.
03 DIGITAL JARGON. Words matter. The senseless overuse of technical words doesn't help teams to turn ideas into useful things.
04 LACK OF DIRECTION. Everything is complex; reality, systems, and networks. However, it is the lack of clear direction that creates the worst difficulties.
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(Kane et al., 2015)
THANK YOU.
01WORLD IA DAY 2015 PRESENTATION TITLE HERE
WHY DO WE APPLY INFORMATION
ARCHITECTURE FOR DECISION MAKING?
01WORLD IA DAY 2016 PRESENTATION TITLE HERE
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THE PROCESS OF INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE DEVELOPMENT
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RESEARCH STRATEGY DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION ADMINISTRATION
DECISION MAKING
(based on Rosenfeld et al., 2014)
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Original idea
Improved idea Better result
RESEARCH STRATEGY DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION ADMINISTRATION
• Less cost • Less time • Less risk
CASE A: IMPROVE SOLUTIONS
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ECOWAS OBSERVATORY FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY
CASE A: IMPROVE SOLUTIONS
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prototype demoshared with stakeholders
strategy team diagrams
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Original idea
Stop and think
RESEARCH STRATEGY DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION ADMINISTRATION
CASE B: STOP AND THINK
• Informed decisions • Avoid risks
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ELECTRICITY UTILITIES GLOBAL BENCHMARKING INFORMATION SYSTEM
CASE B: STOP AND THINK
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Stop and think:
• World Bank’s decision on the scope of the system• Detailed definition of users’ needs and type of dashboards/reports• Currently using a business intelligence tool for data mining and evaluation of results• System sustainability plan
cost, time and scope
SCENARIO A
SCENARIO B
SCENARIO C
comparison analysis of existing solutions
basic sketches
definition of scenarios
blueprints
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Original idea
Alternative idea Result
Drop original idea
RESEARCH STRATEGY DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION ADMINISTRATION
CASE C: ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION
• Make things work
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Terms of Reference
RESEARCH STRATEGY DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION ADMINISTRATION
CASE C: ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION
Modification in ToR Result
Drop original idea
IA is getting popular and respected. However, in some cases the terms of reference are developed without proper IA analysis or without tasks for research.
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THE PROCESS OF INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE DEVELOPMENT
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RESEARCH STRATEGY DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION ADMINISTRATION
(Source: Based on Rosenfeld)
DECISION MAKING
keydecisions
THANK YOU.
01WORLD IA DAY 2015 PRESENTATION TITLE HERE
HOW DO WE APPLY INFORMATION
ARCHITECTURE FOR DECISION MAKING?
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INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE - PROJECT OUTCOMES (RIZOM)
Source: (Based on Rosenfeld & Morville 2006)
RESEARCH STRATEGY DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION ADMINISTRATION
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1. Good research means asking the right questions
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RESEARCH FRAMEWORK• This model helps to organise research
and to know where to shine the flashlight.
(Rosenfeld et al., 2014)
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RESEARCH FRAMEWORK: CONTEXT• BACKGROUND RESEARCH.
Business goals, schedule, budget, audiences, technical infrastructure, past initiatives, organigrams
• INTRODUCTORY PRESENTATIONS. Why IA is important, relation of IA with the organisational environment, major milestones
(Rosenfeld et al., 2014)
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RESEARCH FRAMEWORK: CONTEXT• MEETINGS:
• Strategy team (goals, audience, functionality, timeframe)• Content managers (content policies, controlled vocabularies, purpose of the content, content collection, legal and
privacy) • Information Technology team (meet system administrators and software developers early on to learn about the
existing and planned technical infrastructure that will support the product) • STAKEHOLDERS INTERVIEWS• TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT: gap analysis “business goals - user needs - technology limitations”
(Rosenfeld et al., 2014)
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InformationArchitect
System Developers
Stakeholders
Users
ContentManagers
Strategy team
UX designers
Collecting all the possible understanding and ideas, is key for any IA process specially during the RESEARCH stage.
Right questions, in the right way at the right time.
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2. Build shared understanding among your teammates
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The lack of vocabulary makes difficult to turn ideas into plans.
The senseless overuse of technical words doesn’t help to
build understanding.
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CONTROLLED VOCABULARY• A controlled vocabulary is an organised list of terms, phrases, and
concepts intended to help someone to navigate a specific context.
• It is good to define a list of terms, and acronyms, that will be used in every stage of the IA development process.
• Share it with stakeholders, users, and specialist coworkers.
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TAXONOMIES• Structural methods for
organization and classification.
(Covert, 2014)
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3. Use diagrammatic techniques for sensemaking
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MINDMAPS ARE USEFUL FOR DISCUSSIONS• Some Bullets• Some Bullets• Some Bullets• Some Bullets• Some Bullets• Some Bullets
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SIMPLIFY MODELS• Some Bullets• Some Bullets• Some Bullets• Some Bullets• Some Bullets• Some Bullets
(Source: Canon et al., 2011)
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EXPAND MODELS UPON AGREEMENT
• Some Bullets• Some Bullets• Some Bullets• Some Bullets• Some Bullets• Some Bullets
01WORLD IA DAY 2016 PRESENTATION TITLE HERE (Covert, 2014)
COMMUNICATE THE IDEAS THROUGH DIFFERENT DIAGRAMS
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(Covert, 2014)
see more in (Rosenfeld et al., 2014)
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4. Develop a project PLAN(not just a list of requirements or terms of reference)
… and discuss it with the team
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STRATEGY• Controlled vocabulary• Research outcomes• Baseline assessment• High-level structure of the Information Architecture• Roles and responsibilities• Deliverables• Dependencies• Cost, time and scope (scenarios)
PROJECT DOCUMENT
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INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE - PROJECT OUTCOMES (RIZOM)
RESEARCH STRATEGY DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION ADMINISTRATION
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APPROACH TO INFORMATION ECOSYSTEMS
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REFERENCES• Berger, W. (2014). A more beautiful question. New York, NY: Bloomsbury, USA.• Cannon, D., Wheeldon, D., Lacy, S., & Hanna, A. (2011). ITIL service strategy. TSO.• Covert, A. (2014). How to Make Sense of Any Mess: Information Architecture for Everybody. CreateSpace.• Dalkir, K. (2011). Knowledge Management in Theory and Practice. MIT Press (MA).• Glushko, R. J. (2014). The Discipline of Organizing: Professional Edition. “O’Reilly Media, Inc.”• Kane, G. C., Palmer, D., Phillips, A. N., Kiron, D., & Buckley, N. (2015). Strategy, not technology, drives digital
transformation. MIT Sloan Management Review. • Rosenfeld, L., Morville, P., & Arango, J. (2015). Information Architecture: For the Web and Beyond. “O’Reilly Media,
Inc.”• Stevenson, A. (2010). Oxford Dictionary of English. Oxford University Press, USA.
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THANK YOU.QUESTIONS?Please Contact:
Jorge SneijCofounder and Senior Consultant, [email protected] | @jsneij | www.rizom.org