Upload
mr-mike
View
1.042
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
1
Western CivilizationWestern Civilization
IS-VNU
Lecture 9The Romantic Era
2
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationRomantic NOT Romance Romantic NOT Romance
3
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationRomantic Era Interests Romantic Era Interests
Emotions not Rational ThinkingEmotions not Rational Thinking
Intuition, Imagination & Creativity Intuition, Imagination & Creativity
Beauty Beauty
Untamed Nature Untamed Nature
The SublimeThe Sublime
Horror, Terror and AweHorror, Terror and Awe
The Supernatural The Supernatural
Spontaneity not Calculations/PlanningSpontaneity not Calculations/Planning
Revival of Medieval Ideals Revival of Medieval Ideals
Gothic – Directing attention to another worldGothic – Directing attention to another world
Escaping this worldEscaping this world
4
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationCounter-Enlightenment MovementCounter-Enlightenment Movement
EnlightenmentEnlightenment
ScienceScience
TechnologyTechnology
Power of machinesPower of machines
ProgressProgress
Reason & LogicReason & Logic
Mechanistic Reality Mechanistic Reality
Modern Civilized ManModern Civilized Man
Factory-made “Sameness”Factory-made “Sameness”
RomanticRomantic
SupernaturalSupernatural
NatureNature
Power of naturePower of nature
Chaos & Disorder Chaos & Disorder
Emotions & CreativityEmotions & Creativity
Organic RealityOrganic Reality
The Noble SavageThe Noble Savage
Originality Originality
5
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationBroken Promises of the Enlightenment Broken Promises of the Enlightenment
and Industrial Revolutionand Industrial RevolutionFreedom & LibertyFreedom & Liberty
6
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationBroken Promises of the Enlightenment Broken Promises of the Enlightenment
and Industrial Revolutionand Industrial RevolutionSocial EqualitySocial Equality
7
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationBroken Promises of the Enlightenment Broken Promises of the Enlightenment
and Industrial Revolutionand Industrial Revolution
Science & Technology Science & Technology will make life betterwill make life better
8
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationThe Romantic ArtistThe Romantic Artist
Misunderstood LonerMisunderstood Loner
Gifted Genius Gifted Genius
Follows his inspirations and Follows his inspirations and emotions not logicemotions not logic
Art as an expression of Art as an expression of emotions not a realistic emotions not a realistic representation of the worldrepresentation of the world
9
Western CivilizationWestern Civilization
Romantic LiteratureRomantic Literature
Stories of misery and Stories of misery and exploitationexploitation
Interest in the Interest in the SupernaturalSupernatural
Strong EmotionsStrong Emotions
Sublimity of NatureSublimity of Nature
10
Western CivilizationWestern Civilization
Romantic Poets: Romantic Poets: William WordsworthWilliam Wordsworth
Poetry is, “the Poetry is, “the spontaneous overflow of spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings”powerful feelings”
Criticized materialism Criticized materialism and industrialization and industrialization through his poetrythrough his poetry
Mourned the loss of Mourned the loss of NatureNature
Pastoral NOT UrbanPastoral NOT Urban
11
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationWilliam WordsworthWilliam Wordsworth
The World is Too Much with Us
The world is too much with us; late and soon,Getting and spending, we lay waste our powers;—Little we see in Nature that is ours;We have given our hearts away, a sordid boon!This Sea that bares her bosom to the moon;The winds that will be howling at all hours,And are up-gathered now like sleeping flowers;For this, for everything, we are out of tune;It moves us not. Great God! I’d rather beA Pagan suckled in a creed outworn;So might I, standing on this pleasant lea,Have glimpses that would make me less forlorn;Have sight of Proteus rising from the sea;Or hear old Triton blow his wreathèd horn.
Materialism criticized
Mourns the loss of NatureCritical of rationalism over emotions
Critical of lack of awe at Nature
12
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationWilliam WordsworthWilliam Wordsworth
The World is Too Much with Us
The world is too much with us; late and soon,Getting and spending, we lay waste our powers;—Little we see in Nature that is ours;We have given our hearts away, a sordid boon!This Sea that bares her bosom to the moon;The winds that will be howling at all hours,And are up-gathered now like sleeping flowers;For this, for everything, we are out of tune;It moves us not. Great God! I’d rather beA Pagan suckled in a creed outworn;So might I, standing on this pleasant lea,Have glimpses that would make me less forlorn;Have sight of Proteus rising from the sea;Or hear old Triton blow his wreathèd horn.
Materialism criticized
Mourns the loss of NatureCritical of rationalism over emotions
Critical of lack of awe at Nature
13
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationRomantic Poets: Romantic Poets:
Samuel Taylor ColeridgeSamuel Taylor Coleridge
Close friend of William Close friend of William WordsworthWordsworth
Suspension of Disbelief - Suspension of Disbelief - the reader would suspend the reader would suspend judgment concerning the judgment concerning the implausibility of the narrativeimplausibility of the narrative
Descriptive Emphasis on Descriptive Emphasis on NatureNature
Employs Supernatural Employs Supernatural elements in his poetryelements in his poetry
14
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationRomantic Poets: Romantic Poets:
Samuel Taylor ColeridgeSamuel Taylor Coleridge
Close friend of William Close friend of William WordsworthWordsworth
Suspension of Disbelief - Suspension of Disbelief - the reader would suspend the reader would suspend judgment concerning the judgment concerning the implausibility of the narrativeimplausibility of the narrative
Descriptive Emphasis on Descriptive Emphasis on NatureNature
Employs Supernatural Employs Supernatural elements in his poetryelements in his poetry
15
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationSamuel Taylor ColeridgeSamuel Taylor Coleridge
The Rime of the Ancient Mariner
Recounts the events of a mariner (sailor)While sailing the ship gets lostAn albatross (a part of nature) leads the ship back on courseThe Mariner kills the albatross so the ships crew will stop following itThe “spirits” are angry about the killing and cause the ship to get lostA ghost ship passes and kills the entire crew except for the MarinerThe Mariner lives and is condemned to wander the earth and tell his story
16
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationSamuel Taylor ColeridgeSamuel Taylor Coleridge
The Rime of the Ancient Mariner
Recounts the events of a mariner (sailor)While sailing the ship gets lostAn albatross (a part of nature) leads the ship back on courseThe Mariner kills the albatross so the ships crew will stop following itThe “spirits” are angry about the killing and cause the ship to get lostA ghost ship passes and kills the entire crew except for the MarinerThe Mariner lives and is condemned to wander the earth and tell his story
17
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationRomantic Poets: John
Keates
Died at 25 years oldProlific writerSensual ImageryInterest in the Emotions and Passion of love not “Romance”Interested in Beauty
18
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationRomantic Poets: John
Keates
Died at 25 years oldProlific writerSensual ImageryInterest in the Emotions and Passion of love not “Romance”Interested in Beauty
19
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationJohn KeatesJohn KeatesOde on a Grecian Urn
THOU still unravish'd bride of quietness, Thou foster-child of Silence and slow Time, Sylvan historian, who canst thus express A flowery tale more sweetly than our rhyme: What leaf-fringed legend haunts about thy shape…Bold Lover, never, never canst thou kiss, Though winning near the goal—yet, do not grieve;She cannot fade, though thou hast not thy bliss,For ever wilt thou love, and she be fair!…When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain, in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man, to whom thou say'st, 'Beauty is truth, truth beauty,—that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know.'
20
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationJohn KeatesJohn KeatesOde on a Grecian Urn
THOU still unravish'd bride of quietness, Thou foster-child of Silence and slow Time, Sylvan historian, who canst thus express A flowery tale more sweetly than our rhyme: What leaf-fringed legend haunts about thy shape…Bold Lover, never, never canst thou kiss, Though winning near the goal—yet, do not grieve;She cannot fade, though thou hast not thy bliss,For ever wilt thou love, and she be fair!…When old age shall this generation waste, Thou shalt remain, in midst of other woe Than ours, a friend to man, to whom thou say'st, 'Beauty is truth, truth beauty,—that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know.'
21
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationRomantic Poets:
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
The Supernatural Emotionally charged
22
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationRomantic Poets:
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
The Supernatural Emotionally charged
23
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationJohann Wolfgang von GoetheJohann Wolfgang von Goethe
Goethe's Faust
Epic PoemHeinrich Faust, a scholar Mephistopheles, a DevilFaust wants to learn everything that can be knownFaust make a deal with the Devil. The Devil will serve Faust in this life in exchange for Faust's soulFaust wants access to knowledge not available through science and logic Faust wants to feel pleasure so great that he'll want to be in that moment forever.
24
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationJohann Wolfgang von GoetheJohann Wolfgang von Goethe
Goethe's Faust
Epic PoemHeinrich Faust, a scholar Mephistopheles, a DevilFaust wants to learn everything that can be knownFaust make a deal with the Devil. The Devil will serve Faust in this life in exchange for Faust's soulFaust wants access to knowledge not available through science and logic Faust wants to feel pleasure so great that he'll want to be in that moment forever.
25
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationRomantic ProseRomantic Prose
Mary Shelley's Mary Shelley's FrankensteinFrankenstein
Gothic Novel Gothic Novel
Dr. Frankenstein attempts to Dr. Frankenstein attempts to recreate “life” through recreate “life” through sciencescience
Frankenstein creates a Frankenstein creates a monster, an ugly mutation of monster, an ugly mutation of lifelife
All the monster wants is to be All the monster wants is to be loved and accepted loved and accepted
The monster is feared and The monster is feared and rejectedrejected
26
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationRomantic ProseRomantic Prose
Mary Shelley's Mary Shelley's FrankensteinFrankenstein
Gothic Novel Gothic Novel
Dr. Frankenstein attempts to Dr. Frankenstein attempts to recreate “life” through recreate “life” through sciencescience
Frankenstein creates a Frankenstein creates a monster, an ugly mutation of monster, an ugly mutation of lifelife
All the monster wants is to be All the monster wants is to be loved and accepted loved and accepted
The monster is feared and The monster is feared and rejectedrejected
27
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationRomantic ProseRomantic Prose
Mary Shelley's Mary Shelley's FrankensteinFrankenstein
Obvious comparisons Obvious comparisons between Dr. Frankenstein between Dr. Frankenstein and the Enlightenment and the Enlightenment
Science cannot create “life,” Science cannot create “life,” science can only create science can only create “monsters” “monsters”
Science cannot proved Science cannot proved “love” “love”
28
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationRomantic ProseRomantic Prose
Mary Shelley's Mary Shelley's FrankensteinFrankenstein
Obvious comparisons Obvious comparisons between Dr. Frankenstein between Dr. Frankenstein and the Enlightenment and the Enlightenment
Science cannot create “life,” Science cannot create “life,” science can only create science can only create “monsters” “monsters”
Science cannot proved Science cannot proved “love” “love”
29
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationRomantic ProseRomantic Prose
Bram Stoker's Bram Stoker's Dracula Dracula
Gothic Novel Gothic Novel
30
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationRomantic ProseRomantic Prose
Bram Stoker's Bram Stoker's Dracula Dracula
Gothic Novel Gothic Novel
31
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationRomantic ProseRomantic Prose
Victor Hugo's Victor Hugo's Les MisérablesLes Misérables
Set during the French Set during the French RevolutionRevolution
Graphic display of the chaos Graphic display of the chaos of revolutionof revolution
Compassionate presentation Compassionate presentation of the life of factory workers, of the life of factory workers, convicts, prostitutes and child-convicts, prostitutes and child-laborers. laborers.
32
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationRomantic PaintingsRomantic Paintings
Romantic Style and InterstsRomantic Style and Intersts
LandscapesLandscapes
The Sublime in NatureThe Sublime in Nature
Use of color to express moods / emotionsUse of color to express moods / emotions
Visible & Expressive Brush-strokes Visible & Expressive Brush-strokes
Gothic feelings of death and decayGothic feelings of death and decay
Nature will eventually overpower creations of manNature will eventually overpower creations of man
33
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationRomantic PaintingsRomantic Paintings
Romantic Style and InterstsRomantic Style and Intersts
LandscapesLandscapes
The Sublime in NatureThe Sublime in Nature
Use of color to express moods / emotionsUse of color to express moods / emotions
Visible & Expressive Brush-strokes Visible & Expressive Brush-strokes
Gothic feelings of death and decayGothic feelings of death and decay
Exotic Subject and the “Noble Savage”Exotic Subject and the “Noble Savage”
Nature will eventually overpower creations of manNature will eventually overpower creations of man
34
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationRomantic PaintingsRomantic Paintings
Eugène DelacroixEugène Delacroix
French Romantic PaintersFrench Romantic Painters
Expressive Brush-strokesExpressive Brush-strokes
Influenced later ImpressionismInfluenced later Impressionism
Interest in Exotic Subjects after Interest in Exotic Subjects after taking a trip to North Africataking a trip to North Africa
Moved away from precision and Moved away from precision and perfection perfection
Self-portrait, 1837
35
Eugène DelacroixEugène Delacroix
Massacre at Chios (1824)
36
Eugène DelacroixEugène Delacroix
Frédéric Chopin, 1838
37
Eugène DelacroixEugène Delacroix
The Death of Desdemona, 1858
38
Eugène DelacroixEugène Delacroix
Jewish Wedding in Morocco, c1839
39Eugène DelacroixEugène Delacroix Liberty Leading the People (1830)
40
Liberty Leading the People (1830)
upper class
revolutionary middle class
The Cost of Liberty, Equality & Fraternity
41
Thomas ColeThomas Cole
American Painter
Interest in American Landscapes
Large Open Skies
Ruins – Triumph of Nature over man-made things
The Sublime Humans are Small when
compared to nature
42
Thomas ColeThomas Cole
The Oxbow (The Connecticut River near Northampton) (1836)
43
Thomas ColeThomas Cole
Romantic Landscape with Ruined Tower (1832-36)
44
Thomas ColeThomas Cole
The Course of Empire: Desolation (1836)
45
Thomas ColeThomas Cole
The Past (1838)
46
Thomas ColeThomas Cole
The Present (1838)
47
Thomas ColeThomas Cole
Home in the Woods (1847)
48
Francisco GoyaFrancisco Goya
Spanish Romantic Painter
Paints Brutality of War
49
Francisco GoyaFrancisco Goya
The Third of May 1808, 1814.
50
Francisco GoyaFrancisco Goya The Disasters of War prints
51
Francisco GoyaFrancisco Goya
Dark Paintings
52
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationClassical MusicClassical Music
1750–18301750–1830
Repeated motifs (musical Repeated motifs (musical theme) theme)
Highly complex compositions Highly complex compositions
Very structured Very structured
Require a significant degree of Require a significant degree of skill for a musician to play skill for a musician to play classical musicclassical music
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
53
Western CivilizationWestern CivilizationRomantic MusicRomantic Music
1815–19101815–1910Attempts to express strong emotionsAttempts to express strong emotions
Movement through a variety of Movement through a variety of emotions emotions
Heightened Contrast between Heightened Contrast between Movements Movements
Sometimes Gothic themesSometimes Gothic themes
Bigger Orchestras Bigger Orchestras
Expanded percussion & brass sections Expanded percussion & brass sections
Exploration of tones and “color” Exploration of tones and “color”
Free forms such as nocturnes, Free forms such as nocturnes, fantasias, and preludesfantasias, and preludes Ludwig van Beethoven