Chapter 30-31

Roe v. Wade• abortion is a

fundamental right, included in the right to privacy

• Court therefore set up a system of trimesters:– 1st trimester: no State restriction

on abortion– 2nd trimester: State can regulate

abortion related ot mother’s health

– 3rd trimester: State can restrict abortion

Richard M. Nixon- 37th President

Henry Kissinger- Sec. of State

• Also the National Security Advisor• a key negotiator of the withdrawal of

American forces from Vietnam, • for which he won the Nobel Peace Prize.

• Realpolitik–dealing with

other powerful nations in a practical manner rather than political belief

Detente• Policy in easing

Cold War tensions• Nixon visited– Beijing, China– Moscow, Soviet

• SALT I Treaty– Strategic Arms

Limitation Talks• to limit ICBMs

(missiles)

Watergate Scandal•When: June 1972- campaign for re-election

•Pres. Nixon link to covering the break in at the Democratic Party’s headquarters

Watergate Scandal•When: June 1972- campaign for re-election

•Pres. Nixon link to covering the break in at the Democratic Party’s headquarters

Yes, go ahead bug the place. I want to know their

campaign strategies, so I can cheat and win the next

election!

Donald Segretti

Gordon Liddy

Herbert Porter

Jeb Stuart MacgruderMaurice Stans

•When: June 1972- campaign for re-election

•Pres. Nixon link to covering the break in at the Democratic Party’s headquarters

•Pres. Nixon refuse to surrender the tape claiming breach of national security

•Supreme Court ruled against and order Pres. To surrender tape

Watergate Scandal•When: June 1972- campaign for re-election

•Pres. Nixon link to covering the break in at the Democratic Party’s headquarters

•Revealed in his tape recorder conversation of cover up

Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein

from Washington Post

•When: June 1972- campaign for re-election

•Pres. Nixon link to covering the break in at the Democratic Party’s headquarters

Nixon “I am not a crook”

Nixon released tape but with many gaps including 18 ½ minutes gap

Tape revealed Nixon knew about burglary, his agreement to obstruct FBI investigation,

•House vote to impeach

•Nixon decided to resign instead

•The only president in office to resign the presidency

•Ford will pardon Nixon

Gerald Ford- 38th President

Jimmy Carter -39th President

Iran Hostage Crisis- 1979

• Shah of Iran Mohammed Reza Pahlavi- widespread corruption

• Muslim leader- Ayatollah Khomeini– Led revolt to

overthrow government– US aided Shah- enter

US for medical treatment• Rebels took 52 US

hostage• Hostages released

1981

OPEC• Organization of

Petroleum Exporting Countries (1960)

• Export large amount of oil

• Play a part in determining oil price

• 5 Founding members: Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela

• Now consists of 13 countries

Three Mile Island- 1979

• Nuclear power plant leaked radiation to Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

• 100,000 were evacuated

• Led to stricter safety standards and inspection procedures

Stagflation• Economy

experiences a slowing of growth combined with rising inflation

Environmental Concerns

• Earth Day- April 22, 1970

• EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)– Power to set and

enforce pollution standards, conduct research

– Clean Air Act– Endangered

Species Act

Southeast Asia Mayaguez incident

• Cambodia seized US ship in the Gulf of Siam– Ford send troops to

rescue 39 crew– 41 troops died

National Energy Act

• Tax on gas guzzling cars

• Removed price control on oil

• Extended tax credit on alternative energy

• To ease dependence on oil

Civil Rights

• Appointed 28 African Americans, 29 women, and 14 Latinos

Human Rights

• Freedom and liberties throughout the world• Cut military aid countries that imprison and

torture own citizen• Led to collapse of detente

– First signed peace treaty with Arab

– Israel withdrawal in Sinai Peninsula

– Egypt recognition of Israel as a nation

– Egypt- Anwar el Sadat– Israel- Menachem Begin

Camp David Accords