The Minority-race Planner in the Quest for a Just CityJune Manning ThomasPublished in : SAGE Publications 2008Keywords : Diversity, Minority, Planning, Race, Social justice

ARTICLES :

Nurturing; Home, Mom and Apple PieDolores HaydenPublished in : Chapters 4rd and 6st from “Redesigning the American Dream” book. 2001Keywords : Nurturing, Domestic life, household, Women’s roles transformed

Planning as a Heterosexist Project Michael FrischPublished in : Journal of Planning Education and Research. 2002 Keywords : heterosexist,

Topic 5th

Urban Culture and Society

1/17

Urban and Regional Planner(diversification of planning profession, planning history, and social equity in neighborhoods and urban revitalization)

1. Present, An Urban and Regional Planning Professor of at Architecture and Urban Planning department. TaubmanCollege University. Michigan

2. Was a professor at Michigan State University3. Co-founder and Co-chair, Planners of Color Interest Group

(ACSP) Association of Collegiate Schools Planning, 2008-10.4. Vice-President of (ACSP), 2011-135. Fellow in the American Institute of Certified Planners (2003)

Books• Redevelopment and Race: Planning a Finer City in Postwar

Detroit (1997) (Paul Davidoff Award from Association of Collegiate Schools of Planning 1999)

• Planning Progress: Lessons from Shoghi Effendi (1999)• Urban Planning and the African American Community: In the

Shadows (1997)• Race and Uneven Development (1987)

The Minority-Race Planner in the Quest for a just City

June Manning Thomas

American

2/17

* INTRODUCTION ARTICLE

1. Social divisions (race, ethnicity, religion, etc….modern

society exclusion) is the reality of metropolis fragmentation

2. The goal of “just city“ is “social justice” on the process and

on results of planning (justice on distribution of its benefits)

3. Planners must simply plan a “Just city” by recognizing the

present of multiple publics through advocacy planning

(people’s justice in accessing planning process)

4. Planners is expected as a profession which contained of

multiple public’s representatives (populations disadvantaged

from societal context), and to find their responsibility towards

“social justice” in “just city”

5. Diversity in race and ethnic of planner profession’s

demographics is the reflection of social equity commitment

(besides others advantages)

The Minority-race Planner in the Quest for a Just CityJune Manning Thomas

Published in : SAGE Publications 2008Keywords : diversity, minority, planning, race, social justice

Article’s section :1. Minority-race People2. The Ends3. The Mean4. The minority-race Planner5. Diversifying the Profession

3/17

Advantages of group diversity in -

planner profession :

1) Planners lives as minority in fragmented metropolis believed that attached with milieu in the process of planning and decision-making

2) Planners from minority somehow produce better outcomes for “just city” 3) Possible to become a “ group’s representative” and change the injustice condition

in planning context (defend the minority’s interest)4) Serve as a bridge, to link communication between communities and planning

agencies/goverment (high sensibility /sensitive ear, to others minority group (personal experience reflection as minority)

4/17

1. Planner needs a clear understanding of “urban social diversity”

2. The “clear understanding” is possible to generate from “divisions diversity in planning profession”

To have “just city”,

5/17C

on

clu

tio

n

Urban historian, Architect, author, and Poet(focused on the urban environment)

1. Professor at architecture department, urbanism, and American studies at Yale University.

2. The founder of The Power of Place (Los Angeles based non-profit arts and humanities group)

3. B.A. in architecture from Mount Holyoke College4. Graduate school from Cambridge

University and Harvard Graduate School of Design

Books :• A Field Guide to Sprawl, WW Norton, 2006• American Yard -- Poems• Building Suburbia: Green Fields and Urban Growth,

1820-2000• The Power of Place: Urban Landscapes as Public History• Redesigning the American Dream: Gender, Housing, and

Family Life, WW Norton, 2002• The Grand Domestic Revolution: A History of Feminist

Designs for American Homes, Neighborhoods, and Cities• Seven American Utopias: The Architecture of

Communitarian Socialism, 1790-1975

Nurturing; Home, Mom and Apple Pie

Dolores HaydenAmerican

6/17

* INTRODUCTION ARTICLE

Nurturing; Home, Mom and Apple Pie Dolores Hayden

Published in : Chapters 4rd and 6st from “Redesigning the American Dream” book. 2001Keywords : Nurturing, Domestic life, household, Women’s roles transformed

Article’s section :1. Three models of home in 19th century

• The Heaven Strategy• The Industrial Strategy• The Neighborhood Strategy

2. Modifying Beecher’s Heaven Strategy

3. Modifying Bebel’s Industrial Strategy

4. Modifying Peirce’s Neighborhood Strategy

7/17

***Models of “home” and how it influences to spatial, social, economic structure in 19th century

Better domestic sphere for traditional housewife (Catharine Beecher . 1870s)• Efficient home design• Adequate tools and supply

(water/heating/ventilation)Architect and design solution

(August Bebel .1883’s) – women under socialism (marxism)Industrialization’s effect to traditional household• Women would share in the gains and losses with men• Industry efficiency may turn women into interchangeable service worker• Spatial container for this “interchangeable” is required (child care, laundry,

food factory…etc..) Woman employee (skill, income)

Home = HeavenHousewife as spiritual and physical shelter

8/17

Home = IndustryHousewife as Labor in industrialization era

9/17

(Harriet Melusina Fay Pierce. 1870’s)Capitalism system.• Woman economic power in neighborhood • Home economic (entrepreneur) – commercial

laundry, etc…….Woman Interpreneurship (skill, income, network)

Home = NeighborhoodHousewife in economic independency

1. Modifying Beecher’s Heaven Strategy • Manufacture household appliances (1900)• Commercial service (1960s-70s. fast food, child care

(low income left as Latch-key children), private maids /“life-management” assistance, internet shopping, etc….)

• Employer benefits and state service (1993 USA family & medical leave act, paid maternity leave…………. (new culture of flex-time work for women :

work at home on internet)• Swedish parent insurance (1974, female labor joint

the labor force and parent insurance)• Male participant (in household work, parenting

space for male—in public and private space)

10/17

Catharine Esther Beecher

(September 6, 1800 – May 12, 1878)

American educator known for her forthright opinions on female education

2. Modifying Bebel’s Industrial Strategy

• More comprehensive planning in industrial development for women (new service and new housing forms)

……….multifamily housing with collectiveservices socialism power / Lenin-USSR. Russia

• Soviet motherhood (provide day care for children for employee mother)

• Housewives’ factories in Cuba and China (employed women with special access. Located factory in neighborhood low income)

11/17Ferdinand August Bebel(22/2. 1840 – 3/8.1913)

A German Marxist

best known : one of the founders

Social Democratic Party of Germany.

3. Modifying Peirce’s Neighborhood Strategy

• Service houses, collective houses, and cooperative quadrangles (starting in 1868, flourish in 30s-40s)……….Apartment hotel (3 meals a day, good lighting,

child care, sitting room for elder……etc)……….rising the entrepreneurship in the community

• Wages for housework

12/17

Harriet Melusina Fay

(1836-1923. Cambridge)

Social scientist, writer, feminist

An idea of to overcome the isolating of

housewives (lack of specialization and

financial) by cooperative living for

housekeeping then become women’s

cooperative retail

WOMEN LIBERATION :Melusina Pierce : two thing that women must do in the condition of future happiness and bare respectability and morality by :1. Women must earn their own living2. Women must organized among themselves

Above all, will have strong implication to their living space form (house design, neighborhood, city, country, economic productivity system) …….. The reflection of underlying ideas of “the nature of home”

Urban Planner, urban designer, historian(regional planning and analysis methods, land use and environmental policy, urban redevelopment, urban design and planning history)

• Associate Professor, Urban Planning + Designat University of Missouri-Kansas City

• A research associate at the National Center for Neighborhood and Brownfields Redevelopment at the Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey

• Was, Assistant Professor at Dept. of Architecture, Urban Planning + Design. Research Associate at National Center for Neighborhood and Brownfields Redevelopment Environmental Research at Center for the Biology of Natural Systems, Queens College

Planning as a Heterosexist Project

Michael FrischAmerican

13/17

* INTRODUCTION ARTICLE

Planning as a Heterosexist Project Michael Frisch

Published in : Journal of Planning Education and Research. 2002 Keywords : heterosexist,

14/17

Article’s section :1. Heterosexist definition

• Definition Heterosexual (1868 – Natural sex differences---Kraft-Ebbing : representing “normal” sex)• Definition The Closet (1980s - the homosexual – same sex-couple)• What is a heterosexist project (create/reproduces structures of domination base upon essentialist

categories of sex)………………..Planning discourse : zoning, housing, sense of public realm in heterosexual

2. Conclusion : A Queer Inclusive Planning

Urban planning is “a conscious effort to direct social processes to attain goals” (Feinstein 1996)

• May use in multiple ways• Rationalization produced by the

Exercise of power• A process of social control

Spaces, Places, Institutions, Regulations Urban

PlanningURBAN SPACE

(A BETTER LIVING PLACE)

Capitalism (labor’s strata in heterosexual

Exercise of

POWER

Social CONTROLo Social process

(collective goals)o Inclusiveness

(comprehensive)

Legacy of Geddes and Mumford (1889’s) in Modern Planning (Land use/zoning)*70’s – 80’s --Apartment as “immoral space”

--Single family-home for FAMILY

?Heterosexistproject

15/17

Queer space

• Capitalism in industrialization improves individual financial independent (D’Emilio 1993)

• Industry city housed single/temporary migrant• Queer space (public/private) as the resistant of

heterosexist project

“queer spaces”A communal solidarity (Richard Sennett 1970)

16/17

The Minority-race Planner in the Quest

for a Just CityJune Manning

Thomas

2008Planning for Social justice

through Planner’s diversity

Nurturing; Home, Mom and Apple Pie

Dolores Hayden

2001Planning for Gender

Planning as a Heterosexist Project

Michael Frisch

2002Planning for Heterosexist

TheJust City

17/17

Richard FloridaAli MadanipourFrederic Stout(creative class)

Daphne Spain(gender)

Paul Davidoff(pluralism/diversity)

XIE XIE NI