Medieval Cities

1 Look at the graph and answer these questions.

a.What was the population in the year 1000?

b.Can you explain this increase?

2 Investigate

a.Why were mouldboard ploughs more efficient?

b.What were mills used for?

Reconstruction of a medieval trade fair

Activity You are a young peasant who wants to migrate to a city. What reasons would you give your parents to convince themIt is a good idea?

A bishop blessing a trade fair1. Complete the sentences.

a. The ______linked Spanish and Italian cities with the Byzantine empire.

b. Luxury items, such as perfumes and silks were imported by the____________.

c. A merchant`s association, called________ dominated the Atlantic and Baltic route.

d. Merchant bought and sold goods at________

2 Organise the information.

-Trade increased.-Agricultural production increased.-The population grew.

3 Investigate-What is credit?-What is a bill of exchange?-Are they still used today?

Methods of transport

A medieval port

Essential Vocabullary

Crossroad -----Cruce

Trade route-----Rutas comerciales

City council------Consejo de la Ciudad

Mayor-----------Alcalde

Merchant-----Mercader

Craftsmen-----Artesano

Shopkeepers---Tendero

To beg-----------Mendigar

Jewish quarters---Judería

Moorish Quarters--Morería

-Weaver-------------------Tejedores

-Cooper-------------------Toneleros

-Stone mason-----------Canteros

-Baker---------------------Panaderos

-Carpenter---------------Carpinteros

-Dyer----------------------Tintoreros

-Workshop--------------Taller

-Owner’s house--------Dueño

-Guild--------------------Gremio

-Master Carftmens---Maestro

-Journeymen----------Oficial

-Apprentice-----------Aprendiz

-Raw materials------Materias Primas

-Wages---------------Salario

-Taxes----------------Impuestos

-Charters of liberties---Fuero

-Parliament--------------Parlamento

-Budget-------------------Presupuesto

-Unsuitable-------------Inadecuado

Changes in the 12th and 13th centuries

Political Changes

Economic changes

Social Changes

1.Development of trade2.Growth of cities3.Improvement in agriculture4.Increase in monarchies power5.Importance of cities6.Creation of parliaments.7.New financial methods.8.Population increase9.Loss of nobles’ power10.Importance of craftsmen

Main medieval cities in Spain

Find the names of the countriesThey are in today.

a.Parisb.Stockholmc.Kiev.d.Venice.e.Brussels.f.Cologne.g.Avignon.h.Minsk.

Reconstruction of a medieval city

Zamora: the city’s medieval structure

Watch the video and answer the following questions about the medieval city

1) What materials are the houses made from?

2) Describe the streets that appear

in the video?

3) What problems do you think might happen because of the structure of the streets?

4) How are the shops identified in this virtual city?

5) Which buildings of interest have we studied in class? Which medieval city buildings do not appear?

6) What elements of the exterior wall of the cathedral are shown in the video?

7) Where are the workshops located in the medieval town?

8) True or false:

a)The Medieval cities were sparsely populated.b) Workshops can be found only in the market.c) People passing by could see the artisan working in his workshop.d) Artisans who had the same occupation were united in guilds.

Look at this photograph of Ávila. Find the following places and explain what happened there.

-Cathedral -Walls -Main square

-What are the streets like in the old part of the city?

-What are the most important Buildings?

-Where are the modern buildings, inside or outside the walls?

-How has the old part of the citychanged?

What was the role of craftsmen?

In 13th century there was greater demands for clothes and objects made of wood and metal. The number of craftsmenIncreased.( weavers, coopers, stone masons, bakers, carpenters and dyers)

Craftmen made their products by hand. They worked in smallworkshop, which were located in the owner’s house.The products were sold there too.

Trades: There were three categories of crafstmen:

Master Craftsmen: owned the workshops. The master ran and controlled the guilds

Journeymen: were skilled craftsmen who received wages

Apprentices: were young men who wanted to learn a trade.They did not received any payment

Match the occupations and the activities

Occupation

•Weaver•Cooper•Blacksmith•Baker•Dyer•Carpenter

•Activity

•Dying cloth•Making bread•Making and reparing barrels•Making and repairing wooden objects•Making objects out of metal especially iron•Making cloth

From 12th century, all artisans inthe same professions joined a guild.each guild had its own statute, whichEstablished member’s rights and obligations

Guilds controlled Productions and distributedraw materials. They Controlled all number of worker,s and establishedprices.

-What were guilds?

-What was their function?

-Do guilds exist today?

-How people learn trades today?

-What were the functions of a mastercraftmen, a journeymanand an apprentice?

Guilds

Why did monarchies grow stronger?

The growth of royal authority

The kings collected more taxes. They created their own armiesand forced feudal lords to obey them.The kings gave charters of liberties to the cities, which became free of feudal dependence.

The creation of parliaments

The kings began to create parliaments. The only people who were represented were the kings, the nobles, the clergy and the city majors. The kings wanted to use the support of the cities to reduce the nobles’power.

Their main functions were to establish new taxes and approve special budgets for wars.

The king and his court

The king and parliament

True or false? Correct the false statemens

A Monarchs became weaker in the 12t centuryB Cities and monarchs were alliesC Parliaments decided on taxes, especially for wars.D Parliaments were mainly composed of aristocrats