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TURNING DATA INTO
INFOGRAPHICSan Interactive Workshop for Problem Solvers
Lorin Bruckner Jennie Goforth
Step 1: Find Data
Find Data
• Government
• Commercial
• Think Tanks / Research Centers
• Hybrid
Data Sources
Find Data
Orange Countyorangecountync.gov• County GIS Data• Election Data
Chapel Hilltownofchapelhill.org• City GIS Data• Community Survey Results• Development Activity
Chapel Hill Open Datachapelhillopendata.org• Police and Fire Incidents• Public Library Usage• Financial Information• Much more!
Government Data - Local
Find Data
Health and Human Servicesschs.state.nc.us• Health Statistics
Environmental Qualitydeq.nc.gov• State GIS Data• Environmental Reports
State Budget and Managementwww.osbm.nc.gov• Demographics• Census Data
ACCESSNCaccessnc.commerce.state.nc.us• Economic Reports
Government Data - State
Find Data
Censuscensus.gov• American Fact Finder• Business & Employment Data
Department of Agricultureusda.gov• Food and Farm Info• Trade Reports
Geological Surveyusgs.gov• National GIS Data• Environmental Data
(Including Real-Time/Streaming)
Government Data - Federal
Find Data
referenceUSAreferenceusa.com• Directory of Business Contact Info
ArcGIS Onlinearcgis.com• Business GIS Data
Federal Communications Commissionfcc.gov• Consumer Complaints• Business License Info
Small Business Administrationsba.gov• Consumer Statistics• Production & Sales Statistics
Commercial Data
Find Data
Pewpewresearch.org• Political, Social & Economic Trends
Odum Institute Dataversearc.irss.unc.edu• Social Science
The World Bankworldbank.org• International Data• Development Indicators
Roperropercenter.cornell.edu• Public Opinion Surveys & Polls
Think Tanks / Research Centers
Find Data
Social Explorersocialexplorer.com• Census & American Community Survey• User Friendly Platform
PolicyMappolicymap.com• 150 Data Sources• Represented on Easy-to-Use Map
DATA.GOVdata.gov• Government Data• Search Over 186,467 Datasets at Once!
Hybrid Sources
Find Data
• Primary sources have first-hand evidence.
• Raw data files are a primary source.
• Articles, blogs, etc. are a secondary source.
• Secondary sources can be inaccurate andcontain misinformation.
Primary vs. Secondary Sources
Find Data
• Even if two different sources are collecting thesame type of data, they will use differentmethods and techniques.
• Different sources will be sampling fromdifferent populations.
• Mixing data from different sources canprovide an inaccurate representation.
Don’t Mix Sources
Step 2: Explore Data
Explore Data
• Are there patterns in the data?
• Look for built-in visualizations
• Look for summary statistics and reports(if published by the same reliable source that collected the original data)
What Story Does the Data Tell?
Explore Data
What do the patterns in the data tell you?
What arguments can you make using this data?
Data Driven Discovery
Find Patterns Form ArgumentsAcquire Data
Exercise 1
1. Using one or more of the sources listed in your hand-out, find data onnational food insecurity.
2. Examine visualizations, reports and/or statistics related to the data.
3. Form three arguments based on the information you find.
Find Data on Food Insecurity in the U.S.
Exercise 1
Arguments About Food Insecurity
1. 1 in 8 Americans struggle with hunger.
2. Some states, including North Carolina have even higherrates of food insecurity.
3. Food insecurity has increased over the past 15 years.
Source: USDA Report - Household Food Security in the United States in 2015
Step 3: Visualize Data
Visualize Data
• Data visualization helps us explore andunderstand complex patterns in largequantities of data.
What is Data Visualization?
• An infographic is a type of datavisualization with specific goals.
• Those goals are to illustrate,narrate and often persuade.
What is an Infographic?
0
10
20
30
40
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Billi
ons
of D
olla
rs
U.S. History of Taxation on Cigarettes
Federal State
Source: blog.turbotax.intuit.com/tax-news/cigarette-taxes-in-photos-7219
Visualize Data
Infographics Illustrate
Source: miva.com/blog/ecommerce-and-tablet-users-on-the-riseSource: custommade.com/buy-local
Visualize Data
Infographics Narrate
Source: ncta.com/platform/broadband-internet/behind-the-numbers-growth-in-the-internet-of-things-2
Source: worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2013/06/19/Infographic-Climate-Change-in-Sub-Saharan-Africa-South-Asia-South-East-Asia
Visualize Data
Infographics Persuade
Source: fastcompany.com/1691581/how-ups-keeps-blue-skies-greenSource: ensia.com/infographics/catch-and-deceased
Visualize Data
• Bar graphs
• Pie charts
• Line graphs
• Maps
Common Data Visualization Elements in Infographics
Visualize Data
• Pictograms
• Timelines
• Large “pop out” labels
• Multiple blocks of text
Elements Unique to Infographics
Best Practices for Infographics
Best Practices
• Who are you trying to reach?
• What are their demographics?
• What is their reading level?
• How much do they already know about the subject?
• What is likely to surprise them?
• What appeals to them?
• What turns them away?
Think About (or Research!) Your Audience
?
Best Practices
• Your story should be based on the patterns you found in the data.
• Beginning – introduce the problem or argument
• Middle – use your data to back up your assertions
• End – wrap it up with a conclusion and/or call to action
Tell a Story
Best Practices
Beginning
Middle
End
Source: blog.worldvision.org/sponsorship/infographic-a-story-of-good-health
Best Practices
• Plan a blueprint or wireframe for your infographic.
• Use an asymmetrical grid.
• Have a focal point.
• Balance white space to avoid clutter.
Use Spatial Hierarchy
Best Practices
• Use titles, headlines and body text.
• Separate different levels of text using size, weight, color, position and contrast.
Use Typographic Hierarchy
Good Read: webdesign.tutsplus.com/articles/understanding-typographic-hierarchy--webdesign-11636
TITLE
HEADLINE
BODY
Best Practices
• Choose a palette of no more than 5 colors (black, white and grey count as different colors)
• Different palettes evoke different emotions(Read Eiseman, Leatrice. Color: Messages and Meanings: A Pantone Color Resource. Gloucester, MA: Hand Books Press, 2006.)
• Use online resources to browse color palettes.• Colour Lovers (colourlovers.com)• Adobe Kuler (color.adobe.com)
Use Color Wisely
Best Practices
• Make sure the portions in your pie charts add up to 100%.
• Make sure the vertical axes in your bar charts start at 0.
• Make sure your bar lengths make sense when comparedto one another.
• Avoid manipulation and deception.
• Cite your source.
• Failure to do the above makes your audience see you as untrustworthy.
Be Accurate and Honest
Source: viz.wtf
Best Practices
• Every visualization should have clear and justifiable reason for being included.
• Visualizations should be easily understood and interpreted by your audience.
Creativity is Good, but Clarity is Key.
Source: viz.wtf
Infographics Critique
Critique
1. What do you like about this infographic?
2. What are some problems with this infographic?
3. How could it be improved?
Source: bpl.org/press/2013/09/16/boston-public-library-by-the-numbers
Critique
1. What do you like about this infographic?
2. What are some problems with this infographic?
3. How could it be improved?
Source: www.good.is/infographics/african-electricity-and-renewable-energy
Critique
1. What do you like about this infographic?
2. What are some problems with this infographic?
3. How could it be improved?
Source: about.beyond.com/Content/Resources/images/BabyBoomers_GenInfographic.jpg
Critique
1. What do you like about this infographic?
2. What are some problems with this infographic?
3. How could it be improved?
Source: grasshoppermarketing.com/infographics-best-practices
Exercise 2
1. Brainstorm ways to turn the food insecurity arguments into an infographic.
2. Sketch the infographic!
Sketch an Infographic About Food Insecurity
1. 1 in 8 Americans struggle with hunger.
2. Some states, including North Carolina have even higher rates of food insecurity.
3. Food insecurity has increased over the past 15 years.
Resources
Resources
Tools
TYPE PROS CONS EXAMPLES
Static easy to create, share and reuselacks audience participation, can become outdated
Excel, Google sheetsPiktochart, infogr.amAdobe Illustrator
Interactiveinvites exploration, can show more data and be dynamically updated
complex to create, must be viewed on the web
Tableau, ArcGIS Online, HTML5, CSS3, JavaScriptand other programminglanguages
Resources
Websites
Inspirationdailyinfographic.comcoolinfographics.comgood.is/infographics
What Not To Doviz.wtf
Resources
Workshops
NAME WHEN WHERE REGISTER
Tableau I Wednesday, Oct. 510:00 – 11:15 am HSL (live stream from Davis) HSL Website
Tableau II Wednesday, Oct. 710:00 – 11:15 am HSL (live stream from Davis) HSL Website
Create a Logo in Illustrator Wednesday, Oct. 2610:00 – 11:00 am UL skillfUL Website
Build an Infographic in Illustrator Thursday, Oct. 2710:00 – 11:00 am UL skillfUL Website (wait list)
Elevate Your Charts in Excel Wednesday, Nov. 210:00 – 11:00 am UL skillfUL Website
Web Mapping Tuesday, Nov. 82:00 – 3:30 pm Davis Research Hub Website
Questions?