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Today’s Camera Technology - Image Sensor -
National Institute of Technology, Kagawa CollegeAdvanced Course in Electronics, Information and Communication Engineering
01-16 Keita Yamazaki------------------------------------------------
C a m e r a o b s c u r a
© JCII Camera Museum
002
P h o t o g r a p h i c p l a t ed a g u e r r é o t y p e
003
3 5 m m f i l mP h o t o g r a p h f i l m
004
I n s t a n t c a m e r aT w i n - l e n s r e f l e x c a m e r a
005
D i g i t a l c a m e r aS i n g l e - l e n s r e f l e x c a m e r a
© Canon / Amazon.co.jp© Canon / Amazon.co.jp
006
S m a r t p h o n e ( i P h o n e )
i S i g h t c a m e r a© Apple © Apple
© m0bilecenter.org
007
© Gigazine © Gigazine
008
Structure© Nikon
Viewfinder
Finder Screen
Image Sensor
ShutterMirror
Diaphragm
Lens
Shutter Button
Pentaprism / Pentamirror
009
Structure© Nikon
Viewfinder
Finder Screen
Image Sensor
ShutterMirror
Diaphragm
Lens
Shutter Button
Pentaprism / Pentamirror
010
Image Sensor
Image Sensor Collection of Photo Diode
© VLCC
Lens
The Lens of the eye
Pupil(Lens)
Iris(Diaphragm)
Retina(Image Sensor)
Optic Nerve
Image Sensor (CCD / CMOS)
Human Eye
© JST
011
Photo Diode
can capture intensity of light.
can’t read COLORS.
The Photo Diode is a monochrome sensor.
© livedoor
012
How To Record ColorsPhoto Diode(Opto Electronic Devices)
Color Filter
On-Chip Lens
Lens
Object
Image Sensor Output Electrical Signals
013
This method name is “Bayer Image Sensor”.
014
Bayer Image Sensor Bayer Image Sensor
© SIGMA015
Bayer Image Sensor Bayer Image Sensor
Why?
© SIGMA016
Bayer Image Sensor Bayer Image Sensor
Why?
© SIGMA
Spectral Luminous Efficiency
Wavelength
Sp
ect
ral
Resp
on
se
Human eye's sensitivity is different depending on the wavelength.
017
Demosaicking Bayer Image Sensor
© SIGMA
𝑅31 𝐺32 𝑅33
𝐵22
𝐵42
𝑅32′
𝐺32
𝐵32′
𝑃32
Estimation the top and bottom of the blue= CHROMA COMPENSATION
Estimationleft and right of the red
= CHROMA COMPENSATION
COLOR RESTORATION
018
Bayer Image SensorFoveon X3 Direct Image Sensor
Foveon X3 Direct Image Sensor© SIGMA019
Three Layer Structure
Depth of its layer structure
Bayer Image SensorFoveon X3 Direct Image Sensor
© SIGMA
© SIGMA
Foveon X3 Direct Image Sensor020
Conclusion
To pursue “100%” is a kind of OBSESSION by an engineer.
021
Conclusion
is something like FETISHISM of camera’s developer.is in demand to NICHE MARKET.
OBSESSIVENESS
022
In the near future,It’s important for us to pursue fetishism to technology and develop products.
023
Thank you for your listening!Keita Yamazaki------------------------------
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