TEACHING APPROACHES IN MATHEMATICS

NAME MATRIC NO

NURUL HIDAYAH BINTI ABDUL HALIM

D20101037326 

NUR SHAFIQAH BINTI ABDUL RASHID

D20121058738

Teaching Approaches

• Effective teaching strategy might begin with student-centered teaching.

• By carrying out various activities, will make learning more interesting and meaningful. I

• n addition to presenting the subject content with traditional didactic approach, it is recommended that students engage more actively in the learning process.

• Teaching should also be related to real life situations

Phases of learning process

3

Processing/Storing

exploring, understanding, comprehending,

memorizing, repeating

Absorptionwatching, smelling,

touching, tasting, hearing, feeling, perceiving,

experiencing

Transfer

application, testing, handling new tasks, confidence,

action

1.PROCEDURAL APPROACH• Use of the procedural approach is the traditional way that math has

been taught.

• The procedural approach in mathematics education may be defined as teacher-led, direct instruction of rules or procedures for solving problems.

• Procedural-based instructional approcah involves the student’s learning algorithms and formulas and how to apply them to solve mathematical problems.

• Rote memorization , drill , and practice are methodologies often utilized by teachers in a procedural-based mathematics instructional program.

• Procedural-based mathematics instruction emphasizes the acquisition of basic skills and precision ,accuracy and fluency in their execution.

• The fundamental premise is that students must know specific mathematics con-tent before they can acquire higher skills or truly gain conceptual understanding of mathematics .

ExampleArea = length X width

What is the area of the rectangle

- Student need to know the formula first- Then they can answer the question

2.CONCEPTUAL APPROACH

• conceptual-based instruction seeks to provide the reason why these algorithms and formulas work.

• Example :Ask pupils to find the sum of two odd numbers like 3+5=8, 5+7=12,9+11=20, etc. They will find that the sum of two odd numbers is an even number.

3.Inductive METHOD

• Used to get the formulas, facts or general characteristics of the study on some specific examples of mathematics

• Pupils should study math examples, comparisons and analysis and making conclusions

Examples of specific

mathematical

containing the same

formulation

Review, compare

and analyze

samples for generalizin

g

-Make a statement-Get the

facts mathematic

s-Got a

mathematical concepts

-Got a mathematic

al law

Example• Look carefully at the following figures. Then, use

inductive reasoning to make a conjecture about the next figure in the pattern

• If you have carefully observed the pattern, may be you came up with the figure below:

4.Deductive method• Deductive method is based on deduction• In this approach we proceed from general to

particular and from abstract and concrete• At first the rules are given and then students are

asked to apply these rules to solve more problems

• This approach is mainly used in Algebra, Geometry and Trigonometry because different relations, laws and formulae are used in these sub branches of mathematics

• Deductive approach proceeds formo  General rule to specific instanceso Unknown to knowo Abstract rule to concrete instanceo Complex to simple

• Steps in deductive approacho Clear recognition of the problemo Search for a tentative hypothesiso  Formulating of a tentative hypothesiso Verification

ExampleExample 1:Find a2 X a10 = ?Solution:General : am X an = am+n  

Particular: a2 X a10 = a2+10    = a12

Example 2:Find (102)2   = ?Solution:General: (a+b)2 =a2+b2+2abParticular: (100+2) 2 = 1002 + 22 + (2 x 100 x 2)                                 = 10000+4+400= 10404