High  level  science-­‐policy  session  ISP  meeting,  Ouagadougou,  Burkina  Faso,  21-­‐25  October  2012    

How can CCAFS research contribute to improve the adaptive capacity to climate change in West Africa

Robert Zougmoré Regional Program Leader CCAFS WA

2 • 3/21/11

1.  CCAFS objectives 2.  CCAFS framework 3.  How can CCAFS program contribute?

a)  Diagnosing challenges, gaps and priorities for CC adaptation & mitigation

b)  Strengthening the capacity of stakeholders c)  CCAFS WA: the go-to place for climate change,

agriculture and food security in WA 4.  Conclusion

outline

3 • 3/21/11

1.  Identify and develop pro-poor adaptation and mitigation practices, technologies and policies for agriculture and food systems.

2.  Support the inclusion of agricultural issues in climate change policies, and of climate issues in agricultural policies, at all levels.

CCAFS objectives GOAL: To promote a food-secure world through the provision of science-based efforts that support sustainable agriculture and enhance livelihoods while adapting to climate change and conserving natural resources and environmental services

4 • 3/21/11 The CCAFS Framework

Adapting Agriculture to Climate Variability and Change

Technologies, practices, partnerships and policies for:

1.  Adaptation to Progressive Climate Change

2.  Adaptation through Managing Climate Risk

3.  Pro-poor Climate Change Mitigation

Improved Environmental

Health Improved

Rural Livelihoods

Improved Food

Security

Enhanced adaptive capacity in agricultural, natural

resource management, and food systems

Trade-offs and Synergies

4. Integration for Decision Making •  Linking Knowledge with Action •  Assembling Data and Tools for Analysis

and Planning •  Refining Frameworks for Policy Analysis

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Place-based field work

Indo- Gangetic Plains: There is risk of heat stress, melting glaciers, and sea level rise; the intensity and probability of extreme events will likely increase.

Regional Leader: Pramod Aggarwal

East Africa: Climate change will likely intensify surface and groundwater stress.

Regional Program Leader : James Kinyangi

West Africa: Extreme rainfall variability impedes precipitation predictions, but the Sahel will likely experience shorter growing periods.

Regional Program Leader: Robert Zougmoré

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How CCAFS research program can contribute?

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q M&E planning for PAR work (climate smart villages)

q  Baseline studies (HH, VBS and OBS)

Climate-smart village

Climate services

Weather insurance

Designed diversification

Mitigation/C seq

Community manageme

nt of resources

Capacity building

Partnership -  NARS -  Extension -  NGOs -  Universities -  Development partners -  Private sector -  CBOs -  Local leaders

Diagnosing challenges, gaps and priorities for CC adaptation & mitigation

At Community level

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q  Baseline studies (HH, VBS and OBS)

Diagnosing challenges, gaps and priorities for CC adaptation & mitigation At Community level

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q  Status & trends in Climate change adaptation and mitigation policy in agriculture

•  Understand current status and trends of projects, policies and other efforts at the national level to define priorities needs for research on CC adaptation and mitigation (contribution to NAP, NAMA, national communications)

q Greenhouse gases quantification research experts (from countries)

q  Vulnerability of agriculture to CC (11 countries reports) •  Implications for policies and strategies at the national

level

Diagnosing challenges, gaps and priorities for CC adaptation & mitigation

At National level

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Mapping hotspots of climate change and food insecurity in the global tropics to identify areas that are food insecure and vulnerable to the impacts of future climate change, across the priority regions

Diagnosing challenges, gaps and priorities for CC adaptation & mitigation

At Regional level

Areas that will experience more than 5% reduction in LGP

% area cropped

Coeffiicient of rainfall variation – mode is 21% for global tropics

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Shared  visions    of  the  future  

Actors  in  the  present  

What  challenges  and  opportuni6es  do  we  face  in  each  scenario  as  we  try  to  get  from  our  

desired  future  to  the  present?    

Global

Continental

Regional

National

Development of scenarios •  to explore key regional socio-economic and governance

uncertainties for integrated FSEL •  to use for strategic planning to explore the feasibility of

strategies, technologies and policies toward desired futures for improved FSEL

Diagnosing challenges, gaps and priorities for CC adaptation & mitigation

Knowledge sharing and exchange platforms between researchers and policy-makers: adaptation to CC in agriculture •  Platforms as think-tank for knowledge sharing and

exchange on adaptation to climate change between researchers and policy-makers: to feed into regional, continental and global levels

At Regional level

12 • 3/21/11 Strengthening the capacity of stakeholders

Research tools (climate analogue tool)

Strengthen the adaptive capacity of farmers and AIS to climate change using the farms of the future approach

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-  strengthen the capacity of NHMS in forecasting -  tailore climate information to the needs of farmers -  42 participants (NHMS) staff trained to produce seasonal forecasts (CILSS/ECOWAS countries and Agrhymet) −  A special bulletin produced and disseminated -  140 participants (33 women) (farmers, extension and

NGOs staff) trained in Ségou and Yatenga sites in understanding seasonal forecast information and

make management decisions. -  Evaluation of the seasonal forecast results with the

farmers

Strengthening the capacity of stakeholders

Research tools (linking probabilistic & traditional seasonal forecasts to reduce climate risks)

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-  Documenting indigenous practices for climate change adaptation & mitigation

-  Videos on best practices for climate change adaptation and mitigation (e.g video on gender and adaptation to CC)

-  Identifying social and cultural barriers to adoption

Strengthening the capacity of stakeholders

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Data and information sharing (agTrials)

Strengthening the capacity of stakeholders

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42.14%

36.09%

11.05%

2.22%

5.02% 3.48%

Land use distribution

Food

Grazing

Trees

Aquaculture

Degraded

Other

Crop calendar

Source: FAO crop calendars

Main crops and livestock

Households facing a climate crisis 88%

Households receiving assistance 39%

Source of aid Government agencies (80%)

Climate-related crises in the past 5 years

Hunger/food shortage months

0% 0%

17%

81%

1%

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

more than 6 hunger months/

year

5-6 hunger months/

3-4 hunger months/

1-2 hunger months/

Food all year/No hungry period

Food security index

Percent of household reporting hunger months throughout the year

•  Only 1% of hh are food secure all year long.

•  Many households suffer a shortage in the period from March to May, which corresponds to the time when there is less food available from on-farm sources.

Description Climate & Impacts Quick facts Adaptation Mitigation Gender Food &

Livelihood Ongoing research Tools/data

Strengthening the capacity of stakeholders Data and information sharing (AMKN)

17 • 3/21/11 CCAFS program the “go-to place” for climate change and food security related issues in the region

Participation to major regional events (presentations, document sharing…)

Regional platform for exchange between

researchers & policy makers on adaptation to climate change (FARA, CORAF, Universities, ENDA, CSE, ECOWAS, ROPPA, CSOs…)

Engage with ROPPA and its national

platforms: •  promote climate smart agriculture in West

Africa •  contribute to sound communication of up-

to-date information (e.g. the PRESAO forecasting to ROPPA, public and private extension and companies)

18 • 3/21/11

CCAFS WA: the go-to place for climate change, agriculture and food security

Short-term capacity building: train people in the skills needed to undertake the research, i.e. link capacity strengthening to the research priorities.

Long-term capacity building: liaise with donors and others who can help develop curricula and provide graduate training (e.g. WASCAL).

Working relationships with major regional & national actors: (e.g. AGRHYMET-INSAH-CILSS) contribute to strengthen the capacity of these institutions - and their national partners

RAIPs, NAIPs (CAADP/NEPAD): alignment CGIAR-CAADP: assist countries in translating investment plans into programs by, among others, mobilizing CGIAR competencies

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19 • 3/21/11

CCAFS WA: the go-to place for climate change, agriculture and food security in WA

•  A website in French to share and disseminate outputs from CCAFS and partners’ works (publications, policy briefs, videos, blogs...) and to host the regional learning platform for exchange. Creating links with partners’ websites to allow mutual exchange and dissemination of information.

•  Media releases and interviews of partners (Radio-TV) on CCAFS related activities.

•  Communicating regularly lessons learnt from the PAR work and from regional and national platforms.

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Engagement

Committment

CONCLUSION CCAFS: a partnership program

Reducing rural poverty

Improving food security

Improving nutrition and health

Sustainably managing natural resources

Synergy

•  Research •  Policy-makers •  Farmers and CBOs, CSOs •  Extension •  Donors •  Private sector •  National and regional and

international organisations •  Universities, etc.

21 • 3/21/11 www.ccafs.cgiar.org infoccafswa@cgiar.org

THANK YOU