Presented By

Student no.: 105426-1054491st SemesterDept of Civil & Environmental EngineeringIslamic University of Technology

REMOTE SENSING

Overview

• Brief Introduction• History• Systems & principles• Observation platforms• Sensors• Applications• Perspective in Bangladesh

Synthetic aperture radar image of Death Valley colored using polarimetry

Introduction

• A science and art of collecting infos about objects, area from distance without any physical contact with them

• Classifications– Passive remote sensing

• Sun as a source of EM energy– Active remote sensing

• Own source of EM energy

History

• It became possible with the invention of camera in nineteenth century

• Astronomy was the first field to exploit this technique, first world war

• Till 1960, all the photographs were black & white

• July 1972, ERTS-1 (Landstat-1)• SPOT, IRS-1A, JERS, MOS, RADARSAT

ERTS-1 before launch in 1972

Systems of RS

• An idealized remote sensing system consists the following stages-1. Energy source2. Propagation of energy3. Energy interaction with surface4. Airborne/space borne sensors receiver5. Transmission of data to earth station6. Multiple-data user

Systems of RS

Receiving stationprocessing Archiving

Distribution

6

Basic Principles

• RS refers to the sensing of Electromagnetic Radiation which is reflected, scattered or emitted from the object on the surface

• Therefore Electromagnetic Energy interaction with the object is a big factor

• EM is a form of energy that moves with the velocity of light in a harmonic pattern

• It consists of sinusoidal waves

Basic Principles

• EM Spectrum– EM radiation can be produced at a range

of wave lengths and can be categorized according to its position into discrete regions which is referred to EM spectrum

– RS deals with energy in visible, infrared, thermal and microwave regions

– Significant amount of RS performed using infrared ray is not related to heat

EM Radiation and the Atmosphere

• The resisting materials in the atmosphere like water vapor, oxygen, ozone, aerosols influence EM radiation through-– Scattering– Absorption

• EM radiation that strikes or encounters object is referred to incident radiation

• The incident radiation changes and the science of RS detects and records these changes

Observation Platforms• Remote Sensing is done and observed from mainly

two types of platforms-– Air Borne platforms– Space Based platforms

• Air borne platforms:Observations from Aircraft based platforms are very expensive and time costly– Till now, RS of the surface of earth has been done

by several platforms like • balloons, pigeons• Aircraft mounted system for military purposes• India currently uses models named Dakota,

AVRO Bench-craft Superking Air 200

The TR-1 reconnaissance/surveillance aircraft

Observation Platforms

• Space based platforms:It is more cost effective and has several

advantages- Satellite

- Polar orbiting satellites- Geo-stationary satellites- Landstat satellites- SPOT satellite program

Observation Platforms

100 meter resolution

Observation Platforms

30 meter resolution

Observation Platforms

5 meter resolution

Sensors• Remote Sensing sensors are electronic

instruments that receive EM radiation and generate an electrical signal corresponding to the energy variation of different earth surface features

• The signal can be recorded and displayed as numerical data or image

• The strength of the signal depends on– Energy flux– Altitude– Spectral band width– Instantaneous field of view (IFOV)– Dwell time

Applications

• RS provides a practical means for accurate and continuous monitoring earth’s nature and other resources

• Agriculture• Forestry• Land use and soils• Geology• Urban Land Use• Water Resources

Applications

• Coastal Environment• Ocean Resources• Street-network based applications• Facilities management• Disasters• Digital elevation models

– Contours (>10m)– Slope/Aspect analysis– Large scale mapping upto 1:25000 scale

Perspective in Bangladesh

• The Space Research and Remote Sensing Organization (SPARRSO) is the national space agency of Bangladesh established in 1980

• SPARRSO has used Remote Sensing a number of times for– Disaster monitoring– Environment study– Forestry

• Still they are in lack of modern equipments and facilities

Thank You

© IUT CEE’10

Presented By-

Presentation Group: Speaker Group:Prottush 105434 Jeeshan

105445Miraj 105427 Shykat

105447Rimon 105435 Hridoy

105448Shaon 105436 Minhaj (Uncle)

105432Sadil 105449 Istiak

105429Shajib 105442 Saad

105433Foisal 105441 Irtiza

105439Samit 105428 Labib

105438Rifat 105430 Anik

105431Ahmad 105446 Materials Group:

Rian 105437Tanvir 105444Sakif 105443Habib 105426