POVERTY AS A CHALLENGE

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CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION TO POVERTY

MAJOR REASONS FOR POVERTY

ANTI POVERTY MEASURES

VULNERABILITY

TYPES OF POVERTY

BELOW POVERTY LINE

INTRODUCTION TO POVERTY

POVERTY IS THE LACK OF BASIC HUMAN NEEDS, NUTRITION, HEALTH CARE EDUCATION, CLOTHING AND SHELTER, BECAUSE OF THE INABILITY TO AFFORD THEM

MAJOR REASONS FOR POVERTY • RAPIDLY RISING POPULATION• LOW PRODUCTIVITY IN

AGRICULTURE• UNDER UTILIZED RESOURCES•  PRICE RISE• UNEMPLOYMENT• LANDLESSNESS• CHILD LABOUR• MALNUTRITION• BRIBERY

ANTI-POVERTY MEASURES

• THE GROWTH RATE JUMPED FROM THE AVERAGE OF ABOUT 3.5 PERCENT A YEAR IN THE 1970S TO ABOUT 6 PERCENT DURING THE 1980S AND 1990S.

• THE HIGHER GROWTH RATES HAVE HELPED SIGNIFICANTLY IN THE REDUCTION OF POVERTY.

• ECONOMIC GROWTH WIDENS OPPORTUNITIES AND PROVIDES THE RESOURCES NEEDED TO INVEST IN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT.

PROMOTION OF ECONOMIC GROWTH

TARGETED ANTI-POVERTY PROGRAMMES AND SCHEMES

NATIONAL RURAL EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE ACT-2005

NATIONAL FOOD FOR WORK PROGRAMME – 2004

PRIME MINISTER ROZGAR YOZANA – 1993

RURAL EMPLOYMENT GENERATION PROGRAMME – 1995

SWARNAJAYANTI GRAM SWAROZGAR YOJANA – 1999

PRADHAN MANTRI GRAMODAYA YOZANA – 2000

ANTYODATA ANNA YOZANA

• VULNERABILITY TO POVERTY IS A MEASURE, WHICH DESCRIBES THE GREATER PROBABILITY OF CERTAIN COMMUNITIES OR INDIVIDUALS OF BECOMING OR REMAINING POOR IN THE UPCOMING YEARS

• VULNERABILITY IS DETERMINED BY THE OPTIONS AVAILABLE TO DIFFERENT COMMUNITIES FOR FINDING AN ALTERNATIVE LIVING IN TERMS OF ASSETS, EDUCATION, HEALTH AND JOB OPPURTUNITIES.

VULNERABILITY

TYPES OF POVERTY

RURAL POVERTY

URBAN POVERTY

Poverty line (BPL)

Below Poverty Line is an economic benchmark and poverty threshold used by the government of India to indicate economic disadvantage and to identify individuals and households in need of government assistance and aid.

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