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Introduction

Name of country

Sub-saharan, Africa

Population

840 million (2009)Growth rate

2.5%

Total fertility rate

>4 in 2008

Africa’s population

would double in 28 years

remained high and are

decreasing only slowly

Population densityLabor force

GNI (US$ billions, 2009)

Unemployment rateUrban population

34.7 people/km²

84.9 (2009)

36.9% (2009)

317.4 millions (2008)

879.6

22.5% (2008)

Age dependency ratio

• Africa is staying in stage 1• High br high dr

High child mortality rate ;17 % child died before the age of

15 in 2002

Malaria infection

Africa is one of the largest countries in the world in which occupied one fifth of the world and has many harsh environments where people can not live because they can’t get any supplies for living

Why do you Think Africa is the way it is Today?

• Tribes that are disharmony• Different practices• Lack of food nutrition• Low educated• lack of high tech

Others opinion on ‘Why do you Think Africa is the way it is Today?’

• ‘Another reason is that people and foundations send and send and send and send money to them,but where does it go??????? They are a gigantic population, what will they do with the money, probably burn it as coal to heat up their " food" , and the government swallows it. Oh, sorry there is no government, I mean the WEALTHY PEOPLE SWALLOW IT. ‘

• ‘Another one is that the government doesn’t care about its people; all they care is about money and money!!! And this is no fair when people are sacrificing their life for the government what they get is suffering and starvation.’

• ‘White men saw them and used them as animals just because of their color. Sold them for thousands of years as slaves around the world. Being mistreated, abused , hit, killed, and used for labor without payment, for most of slavery it was like this. Like people saw them as worthless animals, only good for working, nobody cared about educating them.’

How to solve?

• Rwanda is Africa's most densely populated non-island nation

• population density of more than 1,000 people per square mile

• In a country where 90 percent of people depend on small-scale farming and with a GDP per capita of just $500

• Rwanda's people are in competition for scarce land.

• Although there is recent improvement in farming

• Rwanda is expected to remain stuck in poverty unless population growth is decreased.

Thomas Malthus, had a miserable hypothesis: that global population would eventually outpace food production capacity and population size would thereafter be limited by war, disease and famine.

• fertility rate of 5.4 births per woman, and a population growth rate of 2.9 percent, Rwanda’s population of 10.4 million is on path to double in size in just 24 years, according to data from the Population Reference Bureau.

• assumed most would not live to adulthood.

• So…Rwanda’s government has made family planning And awareness that high fertility is driving poverty and hunger.

• “It was very difficult to talk about family planning after the genocide,” he said. “People wanted to replace those who had died.”

• Also due to religion

Why is rapid population growth a

challenge for sub-Saharan

Africa?Rapid population growth puts a lot of stress on ecosystems

Rapid population growth impacts on the economy

The third issue is linked to the health of women and their

children as well as the status of women in society.

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o The vastness of Africao Abundance of resourceso Relatively low population densitieso The threat of HIV/AIDS

Why has it been so

difficult to discuss these

issues in Africa?

African elites have long had the perception that rapid population

growth was not an issue

Why?

Examples of population programs and how they work.

Increase level of female education

Legal reform & access to family planning services

Economic and social development

Level of commitment of the leadership

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Example : Tunisia

A few naysayers still claim that Africa is under-populated or not enough to trigger economic development.

Claim is invalid

When fertility is high and population growth rapid, we face different kind of vicious

circle.

•Governments need to provide so many people with education and health services but the resources provide those investments are just not there.•Ideologies come into play•As well as social conservative thinking.

Solution is to let people, especially women, decide for themselves and to provide them with the means to extract

their choices.

Some are poorly educated.

Family planning services are often inadequate.

Early marriage. Young girls become pregnant too early, extending child-bearing year

How does gender play a role in the population growth debate?

Women have little choice in the decision of child bearing.

They need to bear children as means of social recognition & economic survival.

Country Assistance Strategies and Country Economic memorandums

Prepared a Multi-sector demographic project in Niger

Created a new Ministry of population

New population policy

Launching of sensitization campaigns throughout the country

Convening of a successful national forum on population, development and gender issues.

Projects and programs in place to address the issue of population growth

Data collection and statistical strengthening