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Introduction• Punica granatum L. • Family: Punicaceae• Native to central Asia (Iran and India) • Grown throughout dry Mediterranean regions • Like hot, dry summers • Can be damaged by very cold temperatures
• Punicaceae contains only two species:– Punica granatum L.
and – P. protopunica
• Pomegranate is a shrub• When domesticated, it is
grown as a small tree that grows up to 5m
• Most of the pomegranate varieties are deciduous trees
The Flower• Flowering occurs on one year old spurs or short branches• Flowers can appear solitary, pairs, or clusters• In general, the solitary flowers will appear on spurs along
the branches while the clusters are terminal• Flowers: Odorless but colorful, large, 5-9cm in length,
campanulate or cylindrical, and generally reddish but sometimes yellow to white
Sepals: 5-8 fused in their base, vase shape
Petals: 5-8, separated. Petals, alternate with the sepals, and have a pink-orange to orange-red color, slightly wrinkled
Stamens: Approx 300, long, orange-red filaments, yellow anther
Carpels: Approx eight superimposed in two whorls. Syncarpus
Types of flower
Pomegranate flowers develop into one of three types of flowers:
1) Hermaphrodite flowers (‘‘vase shape’’) 2) Male flowers (‘‘bell shape’’) and3) Intermediate flowerAll types have several hundred stamens
Male flower• The bell-shape flower has a poorly developed or no
pistil and atrophied ovaries containing few ovules and is infertile.
• Hence, they are referred as a male flower• These flowers drop without fruit set
Hermaphrodite flower• The vase-shape flower is
fertile with a normal ovary capable of developing fruit
• The stigma is at the anthers height or emerging above them
• This position allows for self-pollination as well as pollination by insects
• Cultivars with higher vase-shape to bell-shape ratio will have a higher fruit yield potential
• The percentage of the vase-shape flowers in Indian cultivar is 53% to 80%
Intermediate Flower• A third type of flower is also found• They have long style or short style and a developed
ovary which is sometimes fertile• Fruit set is not 100%
Mode of Pollination• Often cross pollination
Pomegranate flower drop
Reason: Pollination: Male pomegranate flowers
fall off naturally as do un-fertilized female
blooms while fertilized flower set fruit
Pests: Insect infestation such
as whitefly, scale or mealybugs
Disease: Another possible reason may be
due to a fungal disease or root rot
Environmental: Flowers may be drop due
to cold temp as well
Water stress: Too less water