1. Submitted by: Talha Rehman(AMM-1a) Uses and Properties of
Natural and Man Made fibers Submitted to: Imran Raza
2. End Uses of Rayon: Apparel - dresses, jackets, slacks, sport
shirts, sportswear, suits, ties Home Furnishings - Bedspreads,
blankets, curtains, sheets, tablecloths Industrial Uses -
Industrial products, medical surgical products, nonwoven products,
tire cord Rayon is a versatile fiber Rayon is very soft, cool
comfortable and very good absorbent property but could not be able
to protect body heat and used in humid steamy climatic conditions.
Rayon fibre has the same comfort property as natural fibres. Rayon
can replicate the feel and texture of silk, cotton linen and wool.
Rayon can easily be dyed in variety of colors Rayon has very lower
elastic recovery of any fibre. HWM rayon is very stronger and
reveals good durability. HWM rayon can be machine washed. Usual
rayon fibres recommended care for dry cleaning purpose only. Rayon
is a major feedstock in the manufacture of carbon fibre. Grasim of
India is the major producer of rayon in the world which is claiming
24% market share.
3. End Uses of Acetate: Apparel - dresses, wedding and party
attire, home furnishings, draperies, upholstery Industrial Uses -
Cigarette filters Fiber properties Acetate is a very valuable
manufactured fiber that is low in cost and has good draping
qualities. Acetate is used in fabrics such as satins, brocades, and
taffetas to accentuate luster, body, drape and beauty. Hand: soft,
smooth, dry, crisp, resilient Comfort: breathes, wicks, dries
quickly, no static cling Drape: linings move with the body linings
conform to the garment Color: deep brilliant shades with
atmospheric dyeing meet colorfastness requirements Luster: light
reflection creates a signature appearance Performance: colorfast to
perspiration staining, colorfast to dry cleaning, air and vapor
permeable Tenacity: weak fiber with breaking tenacity of 1.2 to 1.4
g/d; rapidly loses strength when wet; must be dry cleaned Abrasion:
poor resistance
4. End Uses of Aramid: Flame-resistant clothing, protective
vests and helmets, tire and mechanical rubber goods reinforcement,
ropes and cables, sail cloth, sporting goods. Aramids share a high
degree of orientation with other fibers such as ultra high
molecular weight polyethylene, a characteristic that dominates
their properties. Properties good resistance to abrasion good
resistance to organic solvents nonconductive no melting point,
degradation starts from 500C low flammability good fabric integrity
at elevated temperatures
5. End uses POLYESTER Apparel: Every form of clothing Home
Furnishings: Carpets, curtains, draperies, sheets and pillow cases,
wall coverings, and upholstery Other Uses: hoses, power belting,
ropes and nets, thread, tire cord, auto upholstery, sails, floppy
disk liners, and fiberfill for various products including pillows
and furniture Properties Density (g/cc) : 1.38 Moisture Regain(%) :
0.4 Elongationat Break(%) : 15.3 Breaking Tenacity(g/Denier) : 9.2
Initial Modulus(CN/tex) : 998 Thermal Shrinkage(@ 177 C) : 11.6
Melting Point (C/F) : 256/493 Bleaches &Solvents : Excellent
Acids & Alkalis : Good resistance to weak alkalis & weak
acids. Moderate resistance to strong acids & alkali. Abrasion :
Excellent Mildew, Aging &Sunlight : Excellent resistance to
mildew, good aging. Degrades after prolonged exposure to
sunlight
6. End uses of cotton Apparel - Wide range of wearing apparel:
blouses, shirts, dresses, childrens wear, active wear, separates,
swimwear, suits, jackets, skirts, pants, sweaters, hosiery,
neckwear. Home Fashion - curtains, draperies, bedspreads,
comforters, throws, sheets, towels, table cloths, table mats,
napkins Properties APPEARENCE Flat, twisted and ribbon like with
inner hollow. STRENGTH Relatively strong. ELASTICITY Very little
natural elasticity RESILIENCE Low Resilience, Wrinkles easily.
DRAPABILITY Poor Drapability. HEAT CONDUCTIVITY High degree of heat
conductivity ABSORBENCY High absorbency SHRINKAGE High shrinkage
EFFECT OF HEAT With stand moderate heat EFFECT OF LIGHT Turns
yellow and loses its strength. REACTION OF BLEACH Mild bleach works
well. REACTION OF ALKALIS Does not harms fiber
7. End uses of SPANDEX Apparel: Activewear and sportswear;
socks; thermal underwear; lining fabrics Automotive: Interior
fabrics used in or on kick panel, package shelf, seat construction,
truck liners, load decks, etc. Home Furnishings: Indoor and outdoor
carpets; carpet backing; upholstery and wall coverings; furniture
and bedding construction fabrics Industrial: Carpets; disposable,
durable nonwoven fabrics; ropes; filter fabrics; bagging;
geotextiles Properties Fiber Type : Polyethylene Heat : Melts at
525F Bleaches &Solvents : Excellent Acids & Alkalis :
Excellent Abrasion : Good to Poor Mildew, Aging &Sunlight :
Excellent resistance to mildew.
8. End Uses of WOOL In addition to clothing, wool has been used
for blankets, horse rugs, saddle cloths, carpeting, felt, wool
insulation and upholstery. Wool felt covers piano hammers, and it
is used to absorb odors and noise in heavy machinery and stereo
speakers. Properties SOURCE Body coverings(Hair) of Sheep..
APPEARANCE Overlapping scales STRENGTH Weakest of all natural
fibers. ELASTICITY Good elasticity RESILIENCE High Resilience.
DRAPABILITY Excellent Drapability. HEAT CONDUCTIVITY Non conductors
of heat ABSORBENCY Initially water repellent. WASHABILITY Extreme
care is required SHRINKAGE High shrinkage EFFECT OF HEAT exhibits
plastic characteristics EFFECT OF LIGHT Weakened by prolonged
exposure to light.
9. End uses of SILK Apparel: luxury items, wedding dresses,
evening gowns, blouses, scarves, neckties Interiors: pillows, wall
hangings, draperies, upholstery Properties SOURCE Secretion of silk
worm.. APPEARENCE Smooth and straight fiber. STRENGTH Strongest of
all natural fibers. ELASTICITY Good elasticity but it varies.
RESILIENCE High Resilience. DRAPABILITY Excellent Drapability. HEAT
CONDUCTIVITY Non conductors of heat ABSORBENCY Very good.
WASHABILITY Spots Easily SHRINKAGE Very low shrinkage EFFECT OF
HEAT Sensitive to heat. EFFECT OF LIGHT Weakened fiber faster when
exposed to light.
