MONETRY POLICY MONETRY POLICY OF INDIAOF INDIA

CONTENT

MONETRY POLICY

• Monetary policy is the process by which monetary authority of a country, generally a central bank controls the supply of money in the economy by exercising its control over interest rates in order to maintain price stability and achieve high economic growth. in India, the central monetary authority is the RBI.

Goals Of Monetary Policy

To maintain relatively stable prices and low unemployment.

Objectives of Monetary policy

1.Financial stability

2. Controls Inflation

3.Price Stability

MEASURE OF MONEY STOCK

• The RBI employs four measures of money stock, namely M1, M2, M3 and M4.

• M1 : This is the money supply i.e. the currency with the public and demand deposits with the bank and other deposits with RBI. In developed countries demand deposits form a major part of the money supply. Demand deposits are primarily savings and current account deposits where your are able to "demand" your money at any time, unlike a term deposit, which cannot be accessed for a predetermined period.

M2: M1+Post Office Savings

M3 or aggregate money supply : M2 Time Deposits with the banks.

M4: M3+total Post office deposits

MONETARY OPERATIONS

• Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR)

• Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR)

• Repo Rate & Reversed Repo Rates (RR & RRR)

Statutory Liquidity Ratio

• Every financial institute have to maintain a certain amount of liquid assets from their time and demand liabilities with the RBI. These liquid assets can be cash, precious metals, approved securities like bonds etc.

• The ratio of the liquid assets to time and demand liabilities is termed as Statutory Liquidity Ratio There was a reduction from 38.5% to 25%.The current SLR is 23%.

Cash Reserve Ratio

• Cash Reserve Ratio is a certain percentage of bank deposits which banks are required to keep with RBI in the form of reserves or balances .

• Higher the CRR with the RBI lower will be the liquidity in the system and vice-versa.RBI is empowered to vary CRR between 15 percent and 3 percent.

• As of October 2013, the CRR is 4.00 percent

Repo Rate

• Repo rate is the rate at which RBI lends to commercial banks generally against government securities. Reduction in Repo rate helps the commercial banks to get money at a cheaper rate and increase in Repo rate discourages the commercial banks to get money as the rate increases and becomes expensive

Reverse Repo Rate• Reverse Repo rate is the rate at which RBI

borrows money from the commercial banks. The increase in the Repo rate will increase the cost of borrowing and lending of the banks which will discourage the public to borrow money and will encourage them to deposit.

• As the rates are high the availability of credit and demand decreases resulting to decrease in inflation. This increase in Repo Rate and Reverse Repo Rate is a symbol of tightening of the policy. As of October 2011, the repo rate is 7.75 and reverse repo rate is 6.75