Food Production In Brunei

FISHING

in BRUNEI

DARUSSALAM

Fishing Fish consumption in Brunei – estimated 47kg per person per year.

About 50% of the country needs of fish has to be imported mainly form:

i. Labuan

ii. Weston

iii. Lawas

iv. Miri

Sabah

Sarawak

Importance of fishing1. The export of fish can contribute to country’s income

2. Fish waste can be made into fertilisers, oil, fodder and glue.

3. Source of protein which can build muscles, tissues and bone marrow

4. Fishing is a major source of protein in the diets of the Bruneipeople.

5. Fishing industry create jobs for the people such as:

a. Ship building b. Boat repairing c. Making & repairing nets

d. Making ice & salt e. marketing of fish f. Making food from fish

Fish fodder

Fish

Glue

Fishing areas

1.South China Sea

2. Brunei Bay

3. Inland Fishing

The sheltered part of

Brunei Bay,

located along the lower

course of the Brunei and

Temburong Rivers

It is a tidal area and many different types of fish are found here.

Most of the fishing villages of Brunei are located around here.

Brunei Estuary

• Fishing within 25km off

• Water up to about 40m deepInshore Fishing

• Fishing between 25km –75km off the coast

• Only carried out small % of the fisherme

Offshore Fishing

Fishing carried out from land-based

e.g. in rivers, streams, lakes and ponds such as in the Brunei River, Damuan River, Merimbun Lake, etc.

Inland fishing is also carried out in areas of Kampong Sungai Matan and Kampong Sungai Belukut (Mangrove Paradise Resort).

Factors encouraging fishingPhysical Factorslong coastline with shallow water

rich fishing ground in South China Sea due to shallow seafloor with shoals of corals

Brunei bay and Tutong estuaries provide shelter for fishing boats during storms

Many silt-laden rivers and estuaries that add nutrients to the water and which supports the Mangrove areas

Factors encouraging fishingHuman FactorsHigh demand for fish - high per capita

consumption of fish of about 47 kg per year.

Most people live on, or near the coasts, or along the lower courses of rivers and their estuaries, giving access to fishing and the marketing of fish.

High living standards so that more people can afford boats and outboard engines, and fuels are cheap.

The Malay population has cultural links to the sea, which contribute to the success fishing and the popularity of fish in the local diet.

Types of Fishing Methods

Types of Fishing Methods

• Small fishing boats

• Fish and prawn breeding areasZone 1

• New part time fishermen

• Also companies using foreign workersZone 2• Larger vessels

• Purse-seiners

• Long linersZone 3

• Tuna purse seining

• Tuna long liningZone 4

Types of Fishing Methods

i. Drift Net

ii. Trawl net

iii.Bubu

iv.Rambat

v. Hook and line

vi.Bintur

vii.Lintau

Drift Net (Rantau) Net hangs from

buoys (patau) which

float on the surface

of the water

The bottom edge of

the net is held down

with weights (timah)

Used to catch large

shoal e.g Rumahan

& Tamban

Drift net (Rantau)

Trawling (Pukat Tunda)Net is dragged along

the seabed

Trawlers are fishing boat that can go further out to the deep sea and also spend more time

More fish can be caught by trawling than drift net

Trawling (Pukat Tunda)

This gear is for catching pelagic fish species like sardines in the offshore areas using an on-board vessel

Bubu (fish trap)

Crab trap (bintur) used to catch crab

Rambat(cast net)used to catch prawn

Rambat (cast net)

Lintau (Palisade trap)

Tugu (Tidal funnel traps)

• Uncontrolled fishing

• Not enough fish is caught by fishermen

Reduction in stocks

• too many fish are taken and they do not breed very fast

• Also companies using foreign workersoverfishing

• caused by oil spills, household rubbish, sewage, industrial wastes.

• lead to a massive impact in destroying the environment.

• Dumping of toxic wastes leads to the growth of toxic plankton leading to Red Tides

Pollution

• Blast fishing or Fish bombings

• illegal activities destroys coral reef which are the habitat, breeding,

Destructive fishing

Disadvantages / Problems of fishing:

Other issues / Problems of fishing:1. Only few want to do fishing full time

2. Few trawlers being used

3. Fishermen do not use modern technology

4. Fishermen need to work hard and stay under hot weather during the day in order to catch more fish but in return payment is low

5. Offshore oil drilling poses a constant threat of oil pollution and certain types of fishing are not allowed near the oil rig structures e.g. trawling.

6. Increasing costs e.g. costs of nets, boats, modern equipment

Steps taken by government to improve fishing:

Encourage more fish farm to be set up

Create more artificial coral reefs at Tungku coast – to increase fish population

Encourage use of Global positioning System (GPS) and fish finder

Encourage foreign collaboration with local companies for fish processing

Develop cage culture of marine fish

Develop pond culture for marine shrimp

Provide technical support and training for fishermen

Types of fish caughtFreshwater ponds: Tilapia – main type

Ikan keli - freshwater

Saltwater fish - anchovy

Ikan merah (red snapper)

Duai hitam (black pomfret)

Duai putih

Rumahan laki

Rumahan bini

tamban

tenggiri

Prawn, crab, squid

bebatik

Pari (stingray)