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PRESENTED BYMANU.V

LAND REVENUE POLICY

Permanent settlement LORD CORNWALLIS introduced a revenue system in the states of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa known as PERMANANENT SETTLEMENT. This was a pact made with the Zamindars, who collected revenue from the peasants and handed over a fixed amount to the British.

The Zamindars extracted exorbitant revenue from the peasant and become wealthy. The company also received their share without any failure. But the condition of peasants, who were unable to bear the tax burden, was pathetic

Ryotwari systemThis system prevailed in the southern provinces of British India. Under this system company collected revenue directly from farmers. But they did not provide any proprietary rights on the cultivating land to the peasants. The taxes were also very high.

MAHALWARI SYSTEMThis system of revenue collection prevailed in the central and northern provinces of British India. According to this system, the company collected the tax remitted by village heads or heads of joint families and not from the individual farmers.

EFFECTS ON PEASANTS

East India company levied taxes in the form of liquid cash.In order to simplify the taxation process ,all the lands were measured and ‘’pattas’’ were issued to the farmers.Taxes were calculated according to the extent of land

They had to pay a fixed amount and there was no relaxation even for crop failure.The peasants had to take loans from the rural money lenders to pay their taxes.The indebted farmers were ill-treated by the money lenders. The police and the court also supported the money lenders and Zamindars.

The intensity of the exploitation

faced by the peasants increased day

by day and finally led to the clashes

between landlords and peasants.

CONCLUSIONThe land revenue policies adopted by the British worked As tool to exploit the poor peasants as we discussed above.

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