By

C. Manish Kumar(CE7116)

K. S. Anvesh Rao(CE7126)

D. Sandeep Reddy(CE7119)

JOHN DAY DAM

The John Day Dam is a concrete gravity run-of-the-river dam spanning the Columbia River in the northwestern United States.

[1] The dam features a navigation lock plus fish ladders on both sides. The John Day Lock has the highest lift (110 feet) of any U.S. lock.

[2] The reservoir impounded by the dam is Lake Umatilla,

[3] and it runs 76.4 miles (123 kilometers) up the river channel to the foot of the McNary Dam. John Day Dam is part of the Columbia River Basin system of dams

INTRODUCTION

John Day Dam is located 28 miles (45 km) east of the city of The Dalles, Oregon, and just below the mouth of the John Day River. The closest town on the Washington side is Goldendale, 20 miles (32 km) north. The closest town on the Oregon side is Rufus, Oregon. Its crest elevation is approximately 570 feet (170 m) above sea level. It joins Sherman County, Oregon with Klickitat County, Washington, 216 miles (348 kilometers) upriver from the mouth of the Columbia near Astoria, Oregon.

LOCATION

Altitude: 266 feet (81 m) above sea level Height: 183 feet (56 m) Length: 7,365 feet (2,327 m) Navigation lock: o Single-lift o 86 feet (26 m) wide o 675 feet (206 m) long Powerhouse o Sixteen 135,000 kW units o Total capacity: 2,160 MW o Overload capacity: 2,485 MW Spillway o Gates: 20 o Length: 1,228 feet (374 m)

SPECIFICATIONS

Construction of the dam was completed in 1968, making it the newest dam on the lower Columbia, at a total cost of US$511 million. John Day Dam was built and is operated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The dam's power generation capacity is 2,480,000 kW(overloaded capacity).

HISTORY

A federal dam on the Columbia River, the John Day Dam produces enough electricity to power all of Seattle. The dam and lock system were completed in 1968, and soon attracted the Harvey Aluminum Corporation (now Goldendale Aluminum), which built a smelter on the Washington side of the dam. The third largest hydroelectric plant in the USA, and 25th largest in the world. It also has the deepest lock in the country, raising and lowering ships traveling on the Columbia River 113 feet.

Water stored at the upstream side of the damsfalls through a giant intake draft tube to strikethe turbine blades. The force of the fallingwater rotates the turbine. The steel shaft spinsthe rotor in the generator and the changingmagnetic field penetrates the wire coils of thestator, producing electricity.

HYDROPOWER GENERATION

1. Water enters powerhouse through intake scroll case

2. Pressure from falling water turns turbine

3. Turbine shaft turns generator’s rotor

4. Electricity generated to transmission lines

5. Water continues flow downstream through the draft tube

In the Columbia River system, the level of the water behind the dam is usually about 100 feet higher than that of the water below. The navigation lock permits vessels to pass from one level to the other. Lockage is available 24 hours a day

1. With a tow going downstream, the lower lock gates (A) are closed and the filling valve (B) is opened, allowing the lock chamber to fill. The upper lock gates (C) open and allow the tow to enter the filled chamber.

LOCKAGE

2. The filling valve and upper gates are closed. Water drains out through the drain valve (D) until it is level with water beyond the lower gates.

3. The lower gates open and the tow leaves the lock chamber and navigates downstream. This procedure is reversed if the tow is going upstream.

Navigation Lock Down Stream

Lock Gate

Movement during Lockage

JOHN DAY DAM CUMULATIVE NUMBER OF LOCKAGES

(LOADING CYCLES)

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

YEAR

CU

MU

LA

TIV

E L

OC

KA

GE

S

Estimated

ObservedO

pen

196

8

Sn

ake

Riv

er O

pen

to

Nav

igat

ion