International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology (Vol 2 Issue 2)

International Journal of

Electrical Power

System & Technology

Mechanical Engineering

Chemical Engineering

Architecture

Applied Mechanics

5 more...

1 more...

2 more...2 more...

5 more...

Computer Science and Engineering

Nanotechnology« International Journal of Solid State Materials« International Journal of Optical Sciences

Physics

Civil Engineering

Electrical Engineering

Material Sciences and Engineering

Chemistry

5 more...4 more...

3 more...

Biotechnology

3 more...

Nursing « International Journal of Immunological Nursing« International Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing« International Journal of Neurological Nursing« International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing« International Journal of Oncological Nursing

5 more... 4 more...

Subm

it

Your

Article 2

017

JUL–DEC 2016

IJEPST

eISSN: 2455-7293

www.journalspub.com

International Journals Publisher

JournalsPub is a multi-disciplinary international journal boosting innovative & eminence research work

by Division of Dhruv Infosystem Pvt. Ltd. Launched in 2014 under the support and guidance by our

Honorable Editorial Board Members from renowned institutes.

Objectives of JournalsPub

JournalsPub is international scholarly journal that publishes peer reviewed journal in the frontier areas of

Applied Sciences, Medical and Engineering.

JournalsPub publishes Original Research Papers, Review Papers, Popular Articles, Short

Communications & Case Study.

Publishing special issues on Proceedings of Conferences, Seminars and Symposia.

JournalsPub Publishes issues twice a year (bi-annually) in English-language which is available online

(open access) and in printed version with a goal to promote an extensive academic awareness.

JournalsPub desires to set a good benchmark in the publishing industry by launching more than 100+

new International Journals to help the scientific community to enhance communication within the

research communities and maintain a balance between the existing and emerging interdisciplinary

technologies.

JournalsPub aims to provide quality research articles for Academic Researchers, Industrial

Professionals, Engineers, Scientists, Professors, etc. working in the areas of Applied Sciences, Medical

and Engineering to contribute and communicate innovative work.

Salient Features

An umbrella of 100+ journals that covers Applied Sciences, Medial and Engineering Arena.

The first and one of the rapidly emerging publication website in Country as well as overseas for its

excellence and exposure.

Universal transmission and reflectivity.

A Rigorous, Fast and Constructive Peer Review Process

Speedy Publication of Manuscripts

Eminent Editorial Board Members from renowned organizations.

Free Registration, Online Submission, Processing, Publication & Online Access of Manuscripts.

The journal publishes novel research articles with emphasis on theoretical and experimental work.

International Journal of Electrical

Power System and Technology

JournalsPub (Division of Dhruv Infosystem Private Ltd.) having its Marketing office located at Office No. 4, First Floor,

CSC pocket E Market, Mayur Vihar Phase II, New Delhi-110091, India is the Publisher of Journals. Statements and

opinions expressed in the Journal reflect the views of the Author(s) and are not the opinion of JournalsPub unless so stated.

Subscription Information and Order

Cost of Journal

National Subscription

Rs. 3000/- per Journal (includes 2 print issues), Single Issue copy purchase Rs.1800/copy

International Subscription

Online Only- $99, Print Only-$149 (includes 2 print issues)

Online + Print-$199 (includes 2 print issues + online access of published back volumes )

To purchase print compilation of back issues please send your query at [email protected]

Subscription must be prepaid. Rates outside the India include speed delivery charges. Prices subject to change without

notice.

Mode of Payment: At par cheque, Demand draft, and RTGS (payment to be made in favor of Dhruv Infosystems Pvt. ltd.,

payable at Delhi/New Delhi.

Online Access Policy

A). For Authors:

In order to provide maximum citation and wide publicity to the authors work, JournalsPub also have Open Access Policy;

Authors who would like to get their work open access can opt for Optional Open Access publication at nominal cost as

follows:

India, SARC and African Countries: INR 1500 including single hard copy of Author's Journal.

Other Countries: USD 200 including single hard copy of Author's Journal.

B.) For Subscribers:

Online access will be activated within 72 hours of receipt of the payment (working days), subject to receipt of correct

information on user details/Static IP address of the subscriber.

The access will be blocked:

If the user requests for the same and furnishes valid reasons for blocking due to technical issue. Misuse of the access rights

as per the access policy.

Advertising and Commercial Reprint Inquiries: JournalsPub with wide circulation and visibility offer an excellent media

for showcasing/promotion of your products/services and the events-namely, Conferences, Symposia/Seminars etc. These

journals have very high potential to deliver the message across the targeted audience regularly with each published issue.

The advertisements on bulk subscriptions, gift subscriptions or reprint purchases for distribution etc. are also very

welcome.

Lost Issue Claims: Please note the following when applying for lost or missing issues:

Claims for print copies lost will be honored only after 45 days of the dispatch date and before publication of the next issue

as per the frequency.

Tracking id for the speed post will be provided to all our subscribers and the claims for the missing Journals will be

entertained only with the proofs which will be verified at both the ends.

Claims filed due to insufficient (or no notice) of change of address will not be honored.

Change of Address of Dispatch should be intimated to JournalsPub at least 2 months prior to the dispatch schedule as per

the frequency by mentioning subscriber ID and the subscription ID.

Refund requests will not be entertained.

Legal Disputes

All the legal disputes are subjected to Delhi Jurisdiction only.

If you have any questions, please contact the Publication Management Team:

[email protected]; Tel: +91 0120-4347644.

International Journal of Electrical

Power System and Technology

International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology is a comprehensive journal that covers all

aspects of power system and their integration into recent technologies that are the focus of ongoing research.

Journal has a wider scope including all major advancement in the technology and design that are related to

power system. All articles presented here are peer-reviewed and are of good quality.

Focus and Scope of the Journal Conventional electromechanical

Neural networks

Object oriented system

System control centers

Database and information systems

Stock and parameter estimation

Small and large system dynamics

Man-machine interfaces

Electric Power Systems Computer Analysis

International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology is published twice a year (bi-annual) in

India by JournalsPub is an imprint of Dhruv Infosystems Pvt. Ltd. The outlooks stated in the articles do not

essentially reflect of the publisher. The publisher does not endorse the quality or value of the

advertised/sponsored products described therein. Please consult full prescribing information before issuing

a prescription for any products mentioned in this publication.

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval or transmitted in any form without written

permission to the publisher.

To cite any of the material contained in this journal, in English or translation, please use the full English

reference at the beginning of each article. To reuse any of the material, please contact JournalsPub

([email protected]).

PUBLICATION MANAGEMENT TEAM

INTERNAL MEMBERS

Associate Manager

ChairmanMr. Puneet Mehrotra

Managing Director,JournalsPub,

New Delhi

Hidam Renubala

Ankita Singh

Deepika Bhadauria

Rekha Rani

Commissioning Editors

Dr. Chhavi Goel

Manisha Dhoble

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS

Dr. V BalajiBahir Dar University,Bahir Dar,

Ethiopia

Dr. M. GopinathProfessor–EEE Dr.N.G.P Institute of

Technology, Coimbatore, India

Dr chetan khemraj ,GNA Institute of Management & Technology,

Phagwara, Punjab, India

Dr. Xiangshun LiSchool of Automation, Wuhan University of

Technology, Luoshi Road 205, Wuhan, Hubei, china

Dr. P. RathikaProfessor and Head, Department of Electrical

and Electronics Engineering, V V College of Engineering, Tisaiyanvilai, India

Prof. Manish Kumar SrivastavaDepartment of Electrical Machine (Electrical Engineering), Agricultural Institute Deemed

University, Allahabad, India

Dr. P. Rama SubramanianComputer Science, Madurai Kamaraj University,

Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India

Dr. Hadadi Sudheendra School of Electrical and Computer

Engineering, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia

Dr. S. ThiruvenkadamProfessor and Head Department of Electrical and

Electronics Engineering, P.A. College of Engineering and Technology, Tamilnadu, India

Dr Oscar OnukeLecturer, University of Lagos & Senior

Engineering consultant Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation NNPC

Abuja Nigeria

Dr. M. Gopinath Professor, Dr. N.G.P Institute of Technology,

Coimbatore, India

M. V. Subramanyam Santhiram Engineering College, Nandyal,

Andhra Pradesh, India

D.K. Chaturvedi, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of

Engg, D.E.I., Dayalbagh, Agra, India

Suresh Babu Daram Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College,

India

Mohammad YasirDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Integral University campus

Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

From the Editor's Desk

Dear Readers,

We would like to present, with great pleasure, the inaugural volume of a new scholarly

journal, International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology. This

journal is part of the Electrical Engineering, and is devoted to the scope of present

Electrical issues, from theoretical aspects to application-dependent studies and the

validation of emerging technologies.

This new journal was planned and established to represent the growing needs of International Journal of

Electrical Power System and Technology as an emerging and increasingly vital field, now widely recognized

as an integral part of scientific and technical investigations. Its mission is to become a voice of the Electrical

Engineering community, addressing researchers and practitioners in this area.

The core vision of International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology in JournalsPub is to

propagate novel awareness and know-how for the profit of mankind ranging from the academic and

professional research societies to industry practitioners in a range of topics in Electrical Engineering in

general. Journals Pub acts as a pathfinder for the scientific community to published their papers at

excellently, well-time & successfully.

International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology focuses on original high-quality research

in the realm of Conventional electromechanical, Neural networks, Object oriented system, System control

centres, Database and information systems, Stock and parameter estimation, Small and large system

dynamics, Man-machine interfaces, Electric Power Systems Computer Analysis.

The Journal is intended as a forum for practitioners and researchers to share the techniques of Electrical

Engineering and solutions in the area.

Many scientists and researchers have contributed to the creation and the success of the Electrical

Engineering community. We are very thankful to everybody within that community who supported the idea of

creating an innovative platform. We are certain that this issue will be followed by many others, reporting

new developments in the field of Electrical Engineering.

This issue would not have been possible without the great support of the Editorial Board members, and we

would like to express our sincere thanks to all of them. We would also like to express our gratitude to the

editorial staff of JournalsPub, who supported us at every stage of the project.

It is our hope that this fine collection of articles will be a valuable resource for Electrical Engineering

readers and will stimulate further research into the vibrant area of Electrical Power System and Technology.

Puneet Mehrotra

Managing Director

1. Optimal Location of Static Var Compensator Using DE Algorithm R. Baiju Naina, S. Sreejith 1

2. Capital Investment Planning of Distributed Energy Resources Aseem Chandel 9

3. A Review on Control Methods for Microgrid-Based Distributed Generation SystemDileep Gurjar, Vaibhav Sharma, Rahul Mishra 20

4. Review on Hybrid Power System: Biomass and DieselSaurabh Bansal, Kapil Shrivastava,Amit Pandey 27

5. Review on Hybrid Solar and Wind Energy SystemShubhank Vyas, Suresh, Kapil Shrivastava 31

6. Innovative Solar Power Technology to Generate ElectricityRajveer Singh, Neeru Goyal, Harendra Singh, Ashok Kumar Saini 36

7. Study of the Performance of Grid Connected Battery Storage 10 kW Solar Photovoltaic Plant in 100 m2 Area at Kota RajasthanUmesh Gunjal, Bhuvnesh Kumar Sharma 41

8. Study of Degrading Performance of Solar PV Panels Due To Effect of Dust Accumulation in Jaipur Upendra Singh Chauhan, Gopal Kumar 48

Contents

IJEPST (2016) 1-8 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 1

International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology eISSN: 2455-7293

Vol. 2: Issue 2

www.journalspub.com

Optimal Location of Static Var Compensator Using DE

Algorithm

R. Baiju Naina1*

, S. Sreejith2

1Department of EEE, TKM College of Engineering, Kollam, India

2School of Electrical Engineering, VIT, Vellore, India

ABSTRACT

This paper discusses on the optimal location of Static Var Compensator (SVC) using

Differential evolution (DE) algorithm. FACTS devices are employed to improve the power

transfer capability and voltage profile in power system networks. Here, the optimal location

to place an SVC is identified depending on the power flow, voltage profile and transmission

losses. The ability of SVC to improve voltage profile and reduce losses is also analysed. SVC

is modelled using firing angle modelling technique and incorporated into power system

network. DE algorithm is used as the optimization tool here. The proposed methodology is

tested and validated in a standard 5 bus and IEEE 30 bus test systems.

Keywords: differential evolution algorithm, optimal power flow, power flow control, static

var compensator

INTRODUCTION

Transmission networks aims in supplying

the connected load with required reliability

at a lower cost with maximum efficiency.

As the demand is increasing, the power

system is becoming more complex to

control. This results in loop flows and

increased line loss. The possibility of

construction new transmission lines are

limited by financial, social and

geographical factors. These problems can

be eliminated by Flexible AC

Transmission Systems (FACTS). This is

an application of power electronics

technology to power systems. FACTS

devices are used to control various

parameters of transmission lines such as

voltage, phase angle and reactance.[1]

FACTS devices can be classified as switch

based devices (SVC – Static Var

Compensator, TCSC – Thyristor

Controlled Series Compensator) and

converter based (STATCOM- Static

Compensator, SSSC – Static Series

Synchronous Compensator, UPFC –

Unified Power Flow Controller, IPFC-

Interline Power Flow Controller). These

devices can be used depending on

requirements [OPTIMAL LOCATION

PAPER]. The performance of FACTS

devices won’t be the same in all locations

of the network.[2]

However, the best choice

of location for the installation of FACTS

devices is not a simple task due to the

complexity of the electric power system.

The objective of Optimal Power Flow

(OPF) is to find the optimal operating state

of the power system network while

satisfying the network and system

constraints. As OPF gives the optimal

schedule of generation, it is carried out

before locating the optimal position for the

FACTS device. SVC is modelled and

incorporated into the OPF problem. Here,

firing angle modelling is used.[3]

Optimal



Vol. 2: Issue 2

www.journalspub.com

Capital Investment Planning of Distributed Energy Resources

Aseem Chandel*

BSA College of Engineering and Technology, Mathura, UP, India

ABSTRACT

The benefits of DER are site specific. So in order to potentially utilize the advantages of

dispersed generation it holds compulsively to reform management and to re-validate the

operations of distribution network. It then follows picking up the optimal network topology

and blending it with the best use of dispersed generation and retail market including real and

reactive power. The minimization of related costs and satisfactory technical and physical

constraints is also the key issue to concentrate. This paper presents a GA based methodology

for DER (capital investment) planning in 37-bus IEEE distribution system. Variable loading

conditions are introduced for peak, medium and low loading conditions. Standard residential

load profile is considered for analysis.

Keywords: AMC, distributed energy resources, distributed generation planning

INTRODUCTION

Talking about the present scenario,

electricity market is undergoing

restructuring with the changing conditions

of law, technology, market and

competition. This phenomenon is reflected

in more than 120 countries. This is

illustrating in the global trend, where more

and more energy conversion units are

located in the heart of distribution System.

Zahedi predicts that “as alternative sources

become more widely available, small-scale

systems meeting local needs may start to

replace central power stations.”[1]

The

goals of DER also include the

minimization of the environmental effects

of energy production and introduction of

new renewable energy-sources to the

distribution network. Many countries in

Europe now have some form of incentive

scheme to support the uptake of renewable

sources of energy.[2]

Distributed Energy Resources technologies

is now been developed for the range of

applications including Economic

Dispatch,[3]

load management,[4]

voltage

control[5,6]

and protection of power

conditioner[7]

and Distributed Energy

Resources modelling.[8]

Moreover, the

Distributed Energy Resources (DER)

technology is maturing day by day to

explore Distributed Energy Resources

planning for application in power and

energy sectors and also evaluate their

effectiveness.

In pursuance with the above, there is quite

likelihood that the new generators will be

separately operated as well as separately

owned. Power systems to start with were

originally developed in the form of local

generation, supplying a local demand.

Consecutive technological developments

driven by economies of scale resulted in

the development of large centralized grids

connecting entire regions and countries.

During the last decade, technological

innovations and a changing economic and

regulatory environment have resulted in a

renewed interest in DG. To account for the

bigger perspective, distributed energy



Vol. 2: Issue 2

www.journalspub.com

A Review on Control Methods for Microgrid-Based Distributed

Generation System

Dileep Gurjar*, Vaibhav Sharma, Rahul Mishra

Department of Electrical Engineering, Arya College of Engineering and I.T., Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

ABSTRACT

To counter the growing demand for energy, improvement in integration of distributed

microgrid based energy is the most promising problem in power system in the near future.

The implementation of microgrid systems offers significant advantages to both power

suppliers and end customers. The current emphasis is on a comprehensive review of the

control strategies and issues related to microgrid and various droop control and strategy

mode operation. This paper presents a brief description of PQ control voltage / frequency,

and current control, which is associated with the microgrid mode Operation. This review

also includes a micronetwork control and other issues such as island mode, stability and

unbalanced supply voltage and issues of power quality. Additionally, this article analyzes the

problems of islanding in microgrid as the burden of challenge and loss of distributed

generation, and nonlinear unbalanced load. We have also implemented simulation and

modeling of droop control in microgrid associated with distributed generation.

Keywords: control, current control, distributed generation, droop control, microgrid

INTRODUCTION

People who do not get the electrical power

in developing countries, estimated at about

1.64 million. In developed countries, there

are many sites on the islands are not yet

connected to the network. In this case,

photovoltaic, diesel / generators,

cogeneration, or microhydro power is

provided locally, in addition to battery

solutions. In all cases, these sources are

supported by voltage source inverter (VSI)

to provide power. The VSI needs to

interconnect cells, photovoltaic and

windmills to the grid. They must also

serve as the source of the active and

reactive load management efficiency, and

power from the battery to the other final

complex load. A microgrid can be

connected to the main grid. In this case,

the control strategy is simple VSI, and

synchronized with the main grid. In the

small islanded microgrid control strategy

is more complicated, because each such

VSI arbitrarily small grid voltage and

frequency control must be synchronized.[1]

To avoid complex communication

networks for a variety of VSI microgrid

synchronization, the conventional method

adopted is called “droop control.” This

method, and simulation in a given

microgrid has the characteristic to allows

and manage the active and reactive power

by each VSI in the proper management of

microgrid injection. We know that

instability can occur in the case of

parameter fluctuations and uncontrolled

exchange in them.

In distributed generation the responsibility

of microgrid is to maintain system voltage

and frequency sharing Active and reactive

power. The most commonly used method



Vol. 2: Issue 2

www.journalspub.com

Review on Hybrid Power System: Biomass and Diesel

Saurabh Bansal*, Kapil Shrivastava,Amit Pandey

Poornima University, Jaipur, India

ABSTRACT A hybrid energy system comprises of at least two renewable or conventional energy sources

utilized together to give effective power supply. In this paper, another and advancing hybrid

power system has been outlined by coordinating diverse sorts of biomass and diesel. This

system can guarantee a continuous power generation independent of the climate condition

and supply of biomass. This system can likewise guarantee most extreme use of biomass

energy sources which will diminish the reliance on the constrained fossil fills like oil and

coal those are ecologically unsafe.

Keywords: biomass, diesel, hybrid power system, renewable diesel

INTRODUCTION

Hybrid renewable energy system (HRES)

are getting to be well known as stand-

alone power system for giving power in

remote ranges because of advances in

renewable energy innovations and

resulting ascend in costs of petroleum

items. A hybrid energy system and hybrid

power, normally comprises of at least two

renewable energy sources utilized together

to give expanded system productivity and

additionally more noteworthy adjust in

energy supply. Hybrid energy technology

is the most recent advancement in the field

of energy sector which is frequently done

either to diminish the cost of creating

power from fossil fuels or to give

reinforcement to a renewable energy

system that guarantees progression of

force supply when the renewable energy

source varies.

Hybrid energy usually consists of one

conventional energy source and another

would be renewable energy source like

solar photovoltaic, wind, biomass, hydro

etc. In low income sectors, food

preparation systems in general and hot

water supply in particular, are a deep

necessity. Precarious water warming

methods generate several problems such as

probable domestic accidents because of

burning, especially in children, due to

likelihood of spilling of containers which

are unsteadily set over kindled logs or

stones or bricks. On top of this, there is

health damage as a result of the inevitable

inhalation of carbon monoxide, smoke

other gases coming from combustion

depending on the type of fuel used,

especially when some people use plastic

material as they do not know this danger.

Fire risk is a certain possibility. Hundreds

of these painful accidents occur annually.

The situation of rural schools turns

complicated due to the distances.

However, with the advance of the

agricultural border (especially with soy)

and deforestation, the availability of

firewood is more and more difficult,

becoming too much expensive in some

areas. So, it is necessary to work so that

the necessary volumes of this fuel are as

minimal as possible; consequently, we



Vol. 2: Issue 2

www.journalspub.com

Review on Hybrid Solar and Wind Energy System

Shubhank Vyas*, Suresh, Kapil Shrivastava Student of Electrical Department, Poornima University, Jaipur, India

ABSTRACT

Continuous power supply for peoples in remote ranges has dependably displayed an issue,

where central grid power supply to all consumers is monetarily not possible in our nation.

Goal of this paper is to concentrate on the studies conducted in order to optimize the initial

cost and optimum utilization of available sources and reliable power supply to consumers in

Indian scenario. The wind turbine generator (WTG) is the essential wellspring of supply to

the framework, while the solar PV array is the optional source of supply with the battery

included as backup system. It is normal that the discoveries for this project would be valuable

for comparative hybrid system unwavering quality studies later on. Among the different

renewable energy resources, off-grid small hybrid solar PV and wind control system

(HSWPS) is by all accounts the promising answer for give dependable power supply

enhanced system productivity at sensible cost for the remote rural areas.

Keywords: hybrid system, standalone system, solar, wind

INTRODUCTION In India and Asia, large number of villages

are not electrified and it is not techno

economical feasible to extend the grid.

There is an urgent need to focus research

efforts on the development of such cost

effective system for remote places and in

urban areas to reduce burden on

conventional sources. In India installation

of wind generators interfaced to grid in

different parts of country is going on. The

total installed capacity of wind generator

interfaced to grid in India is 7013 MW. As

of 30 June 2015 the installed capacity of

wind power in India was 23,763 MW As

on 30 June 2015, the installed MW by

2022. Grid connected solar power capacity

is 4,060.65 MW and India expects to

install an additional 10,000 MW by 2017,

and a total of 100,000 in India no

significant work has been done on the

development of cost effective hybrid

system based on renewable technology

using wind generator.

Wind energy relies on renewable power of

wind and it is one of the lowest prized

technologies of today. For all residences in

remote locations, the small wind energy

system can help to avoid high cost of

extending utility grid.[1]

The major constraints for use of such

system are the reliability of supply because

of irregularities in wind pattern. Hence the

wind energy system alone will not be

appropriate solution considering reliability

the research in key areas is required to

increase techno economic viability of

small hybrid system.

The following technological issues such as

1) Development of techno economical low

wind speed technology, 2) Development of

small hybrid system, and 3) Co-ordination

and integration of various available

sources to optimize the use of

conventional sources such as diesel,

kerosene/LPG used in standalone system.



Vol. 2: Issue 2

www.journalspub.com

Innovative Solar Power Technology to Generate Electricity

Rajveer Singh1*

, Neeru Goyal1, Harendra Singh

2, Ashok Kumar Saini

3

1Department of Electrical Engineering, Govt. Polytechnic College, Alwar (Raj), India

2Department of Mechanical Engineering, I.E.T, M.I.A., Alwar (Raj), India

3Department of Computer Sciences, Poornima University, Jaipur (Raj), India

ABSTRACT

India is undergoing a massive development in al spheres be it real estate, transport, power,

industry, education, agriculture, urban and rural lifestyle etc. everything needs energy and

power. At present India has installed capacity of power generation from all the resources of

about 1.59 GW with a declared shortage of about 13.3% in peak load supply. Further there

are regular power cuts in the most of the cities and a very erratic, low quality and inadequate

power supply in rural areas. The capacity addition every year taking place is not

commensurate with the ever increasing demand in the country. Hence, three is utmost need to

harness power from all resources. Further due to environment concerns, spiraling fuel

prices, fuel security concerns and support for green power, it has become imperative to look

forward for renewable energy i.e. from wind, biomass, small hydro and solar energy etc. as a

source for energy independence.

Keywords: energy independence, green power, peak load

INTRODUCTION

Energy plays a vital role in the economic

growth of developing country like India.

Due to rapid decrease of fossil fuels, the

different renewable energy sources should

be developed and designed in order to

cope with such humungous energy

requirements. Solar energy is one of the

most widely used alternative energy

resources. Solar radiation consists of light

and heat energy.

This proposed article focuses on

harnessing heat energy from solar

radiation to generate electricity. The

technology used for this purpose is known

as concentrated solar thermal power

(CST).[1]

SOLAR THERMAL TECHNOLOGY

Solar thermal energy systems use the sun

energy to supply heat, such as for solar

water heating and in higher temperature

systems that generates the sufficient

energy to drive machines for power

generation. There are number of solar

thermal technologies that are considered

for power generation. These are:

Lower temperature applications such

as solar chimney and solar ponds.

Concentrated solar thermal power

(CST).

Lower Temperature Solar Thermal

Systems

Solar Ponds A solar pond is a big reservoir of salty

water that stores solar heat and uses this

heat for power generation or other

applications. Solar ponds up to 5 MW

have been developed and operated in

Israel, but are not currently being

developed for large scale commercial

power production.[2]



Vol. 2: Issue 2

www.journalspub.com

Study of the Performance of Grid Connected Battery Storage 10

kW Solar Photovoltaic Plant in 100 m2 Area at Kota Rajasthan

Umesh Gunjal1*

, Bhuvnesh Kumar Sharma2

1Department of Pure and Applied Physics, M. Tech Solar Energy, University of Kota, Kota, Rajasthan, India

2Department of Science and Technology, Regional Office, Kota, Rajasthan, India

ABSTRACT Solar energy is pure, unlimited environment-friendly and a potential resource among the

different renewable energy options. But stand-alone solar photovoltaic system or a wind

energy system cannot continuously supply energy because of seasonal and periodic

variations in an environment of the earth. Therefore, in order to assure the load demand,

grid-connected energy system are now being implement that merges solar and conventional

conversion units. The purpose of this work is to estimate the performance of grid connected

solar photovoltaic power plant with battery storage system in Department of Science and

Technology Science Center Kota, Rajasthan and finally develop a system based on the

potential estimations made for an available area of 100 m2. The primary focus of this paper

is to determine the energy storage system can be reduced the effect of solar intermittency.

Equipment specifications are provided on the base of the availability of the elements in

Indian market.

Keywords: diurnal variations, monthly energy output, grid connected photovoltaic system,

solar radiation, yearly power output

INTRODUCTION

Renewable energy is defined as the power

that comes from resources which are

continually replaced on a human timescale

such as sunlight, the wind, rain,

geothermal tides, and waves. Grid

connected solar Photovoltaic (SPV)

system is directly change the sunlight into

electricity which is fed directly into the

grid as shown in Figure 1. This will be a

superior way to increases the electricity

production capacity in the country. Solar

energy, being a renewable resource, will

also provide energy without toxic and

greenhouse gas emission. This can go a

long way to help mitigate the adverse

effect of global warming as well as

contribute to sustainable energy

development. While many renewable

energy projects are big-scale, renewable

technologies are also suitable for rural and

remote areas. The Photovoltaic systems

are made for supply power to electrical

AC, DC loads. They are depending on the

application, the load power may require

during the daytime or during the nighttime

only or still for 24 hours a day.

By the photovoltaic system we get

electricity [1–4]

most powerfully during the

daytime. But at night or during cloudy

session photovoltaic system does not

generate electricity. So, we have tried to

develop photovoltaic system with battery

storage system. Battery energy storage is

normally add to address power demand

surges, store generated power during low

demand, and continues to supply power to

the load during cloudy or night time

conditions. [5]



Vol. 2: Issue 2

www.journalspub.com

Study of Degrading Performance of Solar PV Panels Due To

Effect of Dust Accumulation in Jaipur

Upendra Singh Chauhan*, Gopal Kumar Department of Electrical Engineeering, Poornima University, Jaipur, India

ABSTRACT

Solar photo voltaic (PV) systems are a promising method of generating electrical power from

renewable energy in all over world right now. However, light obstruction on the solar panel

due to dust accumulation can significantly influence the performance and efficiency of the

system, and thus can affect the cash flow of the system operators. Instead of this problem,

only small studies have been conducted on the nature of dust accumulation on solar PV

panels. Many of the studies suggested different solutions but not proved significant. The main

objective of this work was to study the effect of dust build-up on the performance of solar PV

panel in one of the location in Jaipur. This work would allow appropriate scheduling for

cleaning of the panels. The study was conducted on real-time basis on a building's roof.

Measurements of irradiation, power output and the equivalent mass of dust collected were

performed on hourly, daily, weekly and monthly basis. It was observed from the study that the

system's performance could drop by about 6% annually. On the Gopal

Kumar(student),Poornima University Department of Electrical Engineeering maintenance

aspect, in order to continue economical operation, the cleaning interval should be every two

months for industrial-scale systems that generate a minimum of 100 MWh/day. The interval

would be shorter (i.e. one month) for smaller systems (residential).

Keywords: dust, photo voltaic, efficiency, maintenance

INTRODUCTION

Most of the electrical power generated

around the world is mainly derived from

non-renewable energy sources, especially

fossil fuels. However, these resources are

non-perishable and would be depleted at

some time in the future. Therefore, other

sources of energy, which are renewable

and environmentally friendly, are required.

Solar energy is a promising clean energy

source of the future. Among the

advantages of solar energy are it is long

lasting, can be used almost anywhere and

it provides cost effective solutions to

energy problems. According to the

International Energy Agency, the global

energy consumption will increase by 53%

in 2030, with 70% of the growth coming

from developing countries.

In Jaipur, the application of solar PV

technology is seen as one of the sensible

solutions adopted by many cities in

overcoming issues pertaining to shortage

in energy supply and also the environment.

It was reported that among all the

renewable energy sources, solar energy

would be the most prospective one in

Jaipur because this city belongs to a state

known for the abundance of sun energy

and heat. The government has promoted a

variety of energy related policies and tried

to sustain the energy demand.

International Journal of

Electrical Power

System & Technology

Mechanical Engineering

Chemical Engineering

Architecture

Applied Mechanics

5 more...

1 more...

2 more...2 more...

5 more...

Computer Science and Engineering

Nanotechnology« International Journal of Solid State Materials« International Journal of Optical Sciences

Physics

Civil Engineering

Electrical Engineering

Material Sciences and Engineering

Chemistry

5 more...4 more...

3 more...

Biotechnology

3 more...

Nursing « International Journal of Immunological Nursing« International Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing« International Journal of Neurological Nursing« International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing« International Journal of Oncological Nursing

5 more... 4 more...

Subm

it

Your

Article 2

017

JUL–DEC 2016

IJEPST

eISSN: 2455-7293

www.journalspub.com

Education

International Journal of Electrical Power System and Technology (Vol 2 Issue 2)