ICWES15 - Study of Integrated Pest Management Application to Increase Yield, Quality and Income of the Cocoa Farmers in Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Presented by Ms Dwi A Puspitaningrum,

STUDY OF INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM) APPLICATION TO INCREASE YIELD,QUALITY, AND

INCOME OF THE COCOA FARMER IN KULON PROGO YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA

DWI AULIA PUSPITANINGRUM, R.R.RUKMOWATI B; SRI WURYANI

FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE UNIVERSITAS PEMBANGUNAN NASIONAL ”VETERAN” YOGYAKARTA

INDONESIA

BACKGROUND

o Kulon Progo is one of regencies in the special Region of Yogyakarta Indonesia which is one of the largest cocoa-producing in the region (Name of district :Temon, Wates ,Pengasih, Kokap,Girimulyo,Nanggulan, Kalibawang and Samigaluh)

o Cocoa is one primary commodities and priorities for the community in this area, because cocoa plantation can support major economies household.

o In on farm area, Cocoa is superior because it is annual plant that relatively simple and not too complicated to maintain. This plant can bear fruits all year round , that mature fruits could be harvested then sold at anytime

BACKGROUND (continue)

Cocoa Planting Area in Kulon Progo from 2001 -2008 has increased steadilyFrom 2339 ha in 2002 to 2885 ha in 2008

Production of Cocoa in Kalibawang Kulon Progo in 2009 was 344.38 tones, and the productivity in the region was 114.29 tons/ha

Many pest affected cocoa plants in the area, so the production in 2009 and 2010 decreased.

Helopeltis antonii is also one of major pests . The other pest are stem borer, squirrel and cocoa pod barer.

Kulon Progo

High Production Area

Productivity : 0.4 (low) ; Many pest affected cocoa plants

Solution : Farmer Field School With IPM Technology

Many Pest Affected Cocoa Plants in The Area

Empowerment and Education for Farmers and Group

1. Assessing the application of IPM Technologies at Farm Level

2. Assessing the effect of the application of IPM Technologies on Cocoa Production at farm level and its quality

3. Assessing the application of IPM technologies on the level of cocoa farmer’s income

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

The Location of this study is Kalibawang District, Kulon Progo, Indonesia The district that had carried out IPM course and has implemented IPM Program

Number Name of Farmers Groups Farmer had graduated from Farmer Field School

Farmers sample

1 Ngudi Rejeki 3 1

2 Trubus 15 5

3 Tani Maju 18 6

4 Rukun Abadi 37 13

5 Sidodadi 9 3

6 Ngudi Mulyo 20 7

7 Sidomulyo 3 1

Total 105 35

Data & Analysis• Prior to activity in the field, we shared understanding and agreement

of all component of IPM programs. Components of IPM Technologies that applied were :

• 1. Frequent harvesting• 2. Pruning• 3. Fertilizing• 4. Sanitation• 5. Pod sleeving

• Site manager from The Department of Agriculture and Plantation Kulon Progo Regency was positioned close to farmers farm to help farmers use their cacao farm

• The parameters were observed before and after the IPM Technology application from July until September 2010.

Data & Analysis (Continued)

• Parameter observed to study of effectiveness of the applicant of IPM Technologies were :

1. Intensity of pest attacks before and after the IPM Technology. The formula used to determine the intensity of the attacks use scoring system (Sulistyowati, 2008) as follows:

a. Score 0 = healthy fruit b. Score 1 = low level infested fruit c. Score 3 = medium level infested fruit d. Score 4 = heavily infested fruit

2. Cacao production

3. The quality of cacao product (moisture content, fat content and Free Fatty Acid (FFA) content).

4. The income of cocoa farmer

All data analysis of variance and means compared from condition before and after IPM Technology by t-Test .

Respondent Background

No. Parameter Number of Farmers

Percentage ( %)

1. Education Level : Elemnetary School Junior High school high school

11159

324325

2. Sex male female

287

8020

3 Age < 2021 s/d 4041 s/d 60>60

03

1517

08,543

48,5

5. Number of Member Household 1 person 2 person 3 person 4 person 5 person

187631

51201793

The Average Healthy Cacao Production Before and after IPM

PROGRAM APPLIED OF IPM TECHNOLOGIES

FrequentHarvesting(kg)

Pruning(kg)

Sanitation(kg)

Fertilizing( kg)

Pod Sleving(kg)

Before IPM Technology

16.43 15.8 16 17.51 13.42

After IPM Technology

17.26 21.86 17.8 18.66 16.2

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

INTENSITY OF PEST ATTACK

THE AVERAGE OF PEST ATTACK BASED ON IPM TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION

Program Pest Attack ( %)

Before IPM Technology 89.31

After IPM Technology 83.62

Reduction ( %) 6.81

Source: Field Survey, 2010

COCOA SEEDS PRODUCTIONThe Average Cocoa Seeds Production in IPM Technology

ProgramFresh Cocoa

Seeds Production(kg)

Dried Cocoa Seeds

Production(kg)


79.27 19.818


134.61 33.652

Increase (%) 69.81 % 69.80 %

QUALITY OF COCOA SEEDS PRODUCTION

The Quality of Cocoa Seeds Production in IPM Technology

Program Moisture Content(%)

Fat Content (%)

FFA (Free Fatty Acid )

(%)


7.58415 2.9568 36.3978


8.7836 3.32805 30.7689

Difference (%) 15.81522 12.5558 15.4650

FARMER INCOMEAVERAGE OF FARMER INCOME BASED ON IPM TECNOLOGY

APPLICATION

ProgramIncome From Fresh Cocoa Production

( INA Rupiah)

Income From Dried Cocoa Production

( INA Rupiah)


324,114 364,628

After IPM Technology 549,714 618,429

Increase (%) 69.60 69.60

Statistical Analysis : T-test

FREQUENT HARVESTING

T-test Sig ( Two Tail)

Before IPM 1,230 0,227

After IPM

Statistical Analysis

PRUNING



After IPM

Statistical Analysis : SanitationT-test Sig ( Two Tail)

Before IPM

2,248 0,031

After IPM


FERTILIZINGT-test Sig ( Two Tail)


After IPM


POD SLEEVINGT-test Sig ( Two Tail)


After IPM

Pod sleeving applicators

Statistical Analysis : T-test FARMER INCOME



After IPM

Conclusion• Farmer Field School not only improved farmer’s

knowledge on IPM, but also changed the farmer’s attitude in applying the new technology they received.

• The continuous and consistent application of IPM will significantly increase their income potential.

• To support the continuous and consistent application of IPM, the farmers will need assistance and monitoring from the extension field workers.

POLICY IMPLICATION

• Mentoring and Counselling for IPM Technology need to be done continuously either from the Department of Agriculture and Forestry Kulon Progo District, University, Private Institute, or other institutions that farmers can consciously apply the IPM willingly

• Common perception regarding appropriate cocoa quality suitable to be sold need to be developed between the traders and institution facilitating IPM Technology to avoid the confusion on farmers and their willingness to adopt the technology

Acknowledgment

• This acknowledgement is submitted to Directorate General of Higher Education, Ministry of National Education that has funded this research. Research grant No: 0428/Kap V/ A.1/2010