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OBJECTIVES:-
Steps of correctly reading radiographs
Different techniques for taking radiographs
Radiological findings in the case
1 2 3 4 5
HOW TO READ A RADIOGRAPH?
Follow these steps
Type of Image
Anatomical part
Section Technique Lesion description
TYPE OF IMAGE
Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI)• Soft tissue, Brain tumors, Spine injuries,
Multiple sclerosis, Brain step lesions• Does not use radiation
Computed Tomography (CT scan)• Bone injuries, Chest, Cancer detection,
Brain hemorrhage • X-raysPositron Emission Tomography (PET scan) • Functional imaging• Cancer, Epilepsy, Heard disease• Radioactive materials
1
TECHNIQUE
With / Without contrast medium
Signal characteristics (MRI):
4
T1 T2
Black
AirBone
AirBone
Dark
CSFEdema
Tissue
Bright
FatBlood
Contrast medium
CSFBlood Edema
LESION DESCRIPTION
Anatomy
Exact location
Three dimensional size
Radiological Criteria
CT scan:
Isodense, hypodense, hyperdense.
MRI:
Isointense, hypointense, hyperintense.
Edema
Compression
Midline shift
Herniation
5
CT SCAN
The right sphenoidal sinus and cavernous sinus are filled with tissue. There is a destruction of osseous structures on the caudal and lateral side. Destruction of the skull base.
MRI
Irregular structure in the nasopharyngeal space with destruction of the skull base and ingrowth into the right cavernous sinus and into the pterygopalatinoid sinus.