Rights-based Participatory Risk Assessment and Planning

(RiPRAP)

Cross examining the human and children’s rights violated by the existing and the potential risks….

The four basic children’s rights

Right to: Survival Protection Development and Participation

HAZARD ASSESSMENT = HAZARD ASSESSMENT =

It is an analysis done by community members to identify which hazards or threats will probably affect their community

It is an analysis of the hazard’s nature and behavior

Speed of onset : rapidity of arrival and impact. We can distinguish between hazards that occur without almost any warning (earthquake), and hazards that can be predicted three to four days in advance (typhoon) to very slow-onset hazards like drought and famine.

Frequency : does hazard occur seasonally, yearly, once every 10 years, once in a lifetime, etc.

When :does hazard occur at a particularly time of the year (wet or dry season; in November to December Duration : how long is hazard felt (earthquake and aftershocks; days/week/months that area is flooded; length of period of military operations

NATURE and BEHAVIOR of HAZARDNATURE and BEHAVIOR of HAZARD

Force: wind, water (rain, flood, overflow, run-off, flashflood tidal wave, storm surge,epidemic) land (slides, deposits by river, lahar, mudflow) fire (forest fire, settlement fire), seismic (earthquake, tsunami, liquefaction), conflicts (civil war, insurgency, other actions leading to displacement and refugees), industrial/technological (pollution, radio-activity, explosions), other human-related (famine, drought, pests, etc.)

Warning signs and signals : scientific and indigenous indicators that hazard is likely to happen

Forewarning : time between warning and impact

TOOLS FOR HAZARD ASSESSMENT :

Hazard map

Seasonal calendar

Historical profile

VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT = VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT =

A participatory process to identify what elements areat risk per hazard type, and to analyze the causes why these elements are at risk

Daily cost of livingDaily cost of livingPoverty

Elements at Risk (who and what can be damaged) people (their lives& health) household and community

structures Community facilities &

services (houses, access roads, bridges, schools, hospitals

livelihood & economic activities (jobs, crops, livestock, equipment)

the environment

Why will they be damaged?LocationType of building materialsLack of information in preparednessOther weaknesses and causes

TOOLS FOR VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT:

Hazard map Transect walk Seasonal calendar Livelihood analysis Institutional / social network analysis Problem tree Semi-structured interviews Ranking

Human Practice Check

Common Practices – posing potential risks

Impacts to Environment Impact to Children and Communities

Economic

Political

Cultural

Social

THE PROGRESSION OF VULNERABILITY

1 Underlying CausesPovertyLimited access to - power structures - resources

Ideologies

Economic systems

General pre-conditioning factors

2 Dynamic Pressures

Lack of - local institutions - education - training - appropriate skills - local investment - local markets - press freedom

Macro-forces - population expansion - environmental degradation

3 Unsafe conditions

Fragile physical environment - dangerous locations - dangerous buildings and infrastructure

Fragile local economy - livelihoods at risk - low income levels

Public actions

DISASTER

VULNERABILITY

+

HAZARD

HAZARD

Trigger events

Earthquake

High winds

Flooding

Volcanic eruption

Landslide

Drought

War, civil conflict

Technological accidentTHE DISASTER CRUNCH MODEL

CAPACITY ASSESSMENT = CAPACITY ASSESSMENT =

Analysis to determine what people do in times of crisis to reduce the damaging effects of the hazard, and to protect and secure livelihood and services

Understanding people’s previous experiences with hazards that enabled them to develop coping and survival strategies

Identifying resources which are available and can be used in community based disaster management

TOOLS FOR CAPACITY ASSESSMENT : Hazard map Historical profile Seasonal calendar Gendered resource mapping Focus group discussion Livelihood / coping analysis

Community drama

CDRC - CDP

Brgy San Juan

Brgy Council

Multipurpose Coop

Church

People’s Organization

RHU

Health NGO

Disaster Response Agency

Coop and Credit Foundation

Regional PO Alliance

DENR Representative of Mining Company

Institutional and social network analysis

CDRC - CDP

Brgy San Juan

Brgy Council

Multipurpose Coop

Church

People’s Organization

RHU

Health NGO

Disaster Response Agency

Coop and Credit Foundation

Regional PO Alliance

DENR Representative of Mining Company