GRAMMAR

Created by:

Indra Ramadhan

[ Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Adverbs & Adjective ]

THE EIGHT PARTS OF SPEECH

1. Nouns2. Pronouns3. Verbs4. Adverbs5. Adjective

6. Preposition7. Conjunction 8. Interjection

NOUNSNoun is a word used to label people, objects,

animals, places, and abstract concepts.1. Concrete nouns

Concrete nouns are nouns that can be seen, heard, touched, kissed, felt. Or in other words concrete nouns are nouns that can be perceived by human sensesThings that can be classified into concrete nouns include people, animals, places, and objects. People : Asri, dentist, firefighter, man Animals : barracuda, gorilla, puppy, tiger Place : island, mountain, monument, Turkey Objects : cake, coffee cup, fruit, keys

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2. Abstrack Nouns Abstract nouns are nouns that can not

be seen, heard, touched, kissed, perceived by human senses. We can use abstract nouns to name actions, events, ideas, thoughts, quality, and condition. Consider the example below:Actions and events : childhood, Friday,

September, warThe idea : energy, freedom, idea,

luckThoughts : anger, courage,

depression, freedomQuality : beauty, truth, kindness,

truthConditions : cancer, cold,

diabetes, flu

PRONOUNSPronouns are words that are used to replace

nouns , it can be a noun humans, animals, places and abstract concepts. The purpose of the use of pronouns can be caused by many things such as to make it more concise, a name is not mentioned repeatedly in a sentence and the effectiveness of a sentence.1. Personal Pronouns

A pronoun for people, animals, objects, or things specifically. Form of the pronoun is dependent on the role (subject, object, possessive), the amount, and gender of the noun being replaced.Example pronoun:I, you, they, we, she, he, it, us, her, his, them, mine, yours, its

Next…….2. Demonstrative Pronoun

A pronoun that uses parameter number and distance.Example pronoun : this, that, Reviews These, Reviews those3. Interrogative Pronoun

A pronoun that is used to ask a question.Example pronoun : who, what, which, Whose, Whom4. Relative Pronoun

A pronoun that is typically used to introduce a relative clause that describes a noun.Example pronoun : who, Whose, which, Whom5. Indefinite Pronoun

A pronoun for people, objects, or things in general or specific.Example pronoun : anything, everything, none

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A pronoun that is used to express that the subject receives the action of the verb (Reciprocal action) in a clause or sentence.Example pronouns : myself, yourself, itself7. Intensive Pronoun

A pronoun that is used to give emphasis to the noun that precedes it.Example pronouns : myself, yourself, itself8. Reciprocal Pronoun

A pronoun that is used in a condition when two or more subjects perform the same actions with one another.Example pronoun : call now of, one another

VERBSVerb is a function word to indicate the action of the

subject, showing events or circumstances.1. Transitive VerbVerb types are classified on the presence or absence of an object. Each verb or verb which always requires an object in the sentence, we call Transitive Verb.Consider the following example: We write a letter The students speak English A teacher Explains the English lesson

Verbs write, speak and explain the sentence above should be given at least one object so that the overall meaning of the sentence above bisah fully understood. So the verb write, speak and explain the above are examples Transitive Verb

2. Intransitive VerbConversely, if peridiket in sutu sentence should not be

included in the object pemaknahan a sentence, the verb is called Intransitive Verb. Consider the following example: We have been standing for 2 hours She is sleeping soudly I am sitting on the chair

In the above sentence the verb standing, sleeping and siting does not require an object in order to understand the meaning of kaimat above. The verb is sometimes just need an adverb. So the verb standing, sleeping and sitting above are examples Intransitive VerbBeing able to identify two types of English verbs above is necessary given it relates to the Passive Voice lessons Transitive Verb where only one who may be converted into passive sentences.

In relation learn the type of text, this verb discussion will evolve pad types other types of verbs. It is necessary to remember every type of text have a tendency to use certain types of verbs, this is what we call the Language Feature of a text type.

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3. Relating VerbRelating Verb is a verb that is used to identify an object,

such as the characteristics of people, objects, animals and places.Examples Relating Verb : be, have, seem, Appear, Become, get, turn, grow, Consist of, comprise, mean, Represent, symbolize, constitute and others.4. Linking Verb

Linking Verb is a linking verb type Subject sentence against sutu tentetu information. So linking Ver not contain jobs or activities undertaken subject.Examples Linking Verb : tobe, Become, seem, Appear, feel, grow, look, Prove, remain, smell, sound, taste, and other turn.5. Behavioral Verb

Behavioral Verb is the type of verb that refers to the behavior of the subject of the sentence. This is to clarify the characteristics and habits of the sentence subject.Examples Behavioral Verb : feed, Burrow, perch, and others.

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6. Action VerbAction Verb is a verb that shows real activities onshore

seen ole eyes, and heard by telinga. All verbs that give a title to the subject of the sentence in the form of visible and audible activity by the physical senses someone is categorized as an action verb, for example : Write, wash, kick, pull, push, sit, stand, jump, move, run, walk, go, eat, drink, sleep7. Saying Verb

Saying Verb is a verb that indicates the type of an activity reveal something through sound, as of the meaning of the word "say" itself is "talking". Saying verb is often used by writers and speakers in order to make variations or selecting an article diction to avoid monotony with one word is "say".Examples Saying Verb : the answer, ask, inquire, reply, respond, say, cry, giggle, laugh, scream, shout, whisper, yell, mutter and other

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8. Thinking  VerbThinking Verb is a verb that is associated with

the activity of thought and is not much related to the physical activity of the body.Examples Thinking Verb example ; wonder, think, worry9. Feeling Verb

Feeling Verb is a verb that is used exclusively for expressing emotions in a sentence offenders.Examples Feeling Verb ; love, hate, dilike, admire, like prefer, enjoy respect and others.

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ADVERBSAdverb is a word that serves to explain verb, adjectives, or

other adverbs.1. Adverb of Manner

Adverb of Manner give an explanation of how or by what means an activity carried out. Examples are sadly, happily, bravely, hard, fast, soundly, fairly, and so on.2. Adverb of Time

Adverb of time (time information) is a word that refers to when something happens or is. Some words are classified as an adverb of time is Immediately , then, now , yesterday, Tommorow , later, daily (every day), and others.3. Adverb of Place

Adverb of place to explain the place. Example adverb of place is here, there, below, back, and so on.4. Adverb of Frequency

Adverb of frequency describes how often an activity performed. Which includes an adverb of frequency include Often, never, frequently, sometimes, usually ,rarely, and seldom.

5. Adverb of certaintyAdverb of certainty explain beliefs or certainty of a

thing. Adverb example of certainty is surely, obviously, definitely, probably, possibly, maybe, really, and doubly.6. Adverb of Degree

Adverb of degree explain how much, to what extent, or at what level something happens. Examples include word adverb of degree is very, enough, rather, fairly , nearly , pretty, and others.7. interrogative adverb

Interrogative adverb used in the question. Examples of these are adverbs when, where, why, and how.8. Conjunction adverb

Conjunction adverb role linking two clauses. Examples conjuntion adverb is however, consequently, then, next, and still.

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ADJECTIVESAdjectives is a word used to describe nouns.

1. Descriptive AdjectivesDescriptive Adjectives is an adjective that

describes the state or shape of an object. words that are included in this group are: beautiful ,big ,clever ,high ,low.2. Distributive adjectives

That adjective is distributive (divided). Some examples he says is: each ,every ,either ,Neither.3. Possessive adjectives

That adjective stated or indicated belong (ownership).Example: my, your, her, his, their, our, its

4. Demonstrative AdjectivesThat adjective is used to indicate an object.

example; This, That, Reviews These, Those

5. interrogative adjectivesThat adjective used to ask an object.

example: What , Which, Whose, What color.

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6. Quantitative adjectivesThat adjective used to

describe the number of objects. example: Many (for objects that can be calculated), Much (for objects that can not be calculated), A little (for objects that can not be calculated), A few (for objects that can be calculated)