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1. www.woodfloorrg.comWood Floor Resource Group is a Registered
Provider with TheAmerican Institute of Architects Continuing
Education Systems.Credit earned on completion of this program will
be reported to CESRecords for AIA members. Certificates of
Completion for non-AIAmembers are available on request.This program
is registered with AIA/CES for continuing professionaleducation. As
such, it does not include content that may be deemed orconstrued to
be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of anymaterial of
construction or any method or manner of handling,
using,distributing, or dealing in any material or product.
Questions relatedto specific materials, methods, and services will
be addressed at theconclusion of this presentation.
2. www.woodfloorrg.comForest Certification What does it really
mean? www.woodfloorrg.com
3. Copyright Materials This presentation is protected by US and
International copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display
anduse of the presentation without written permission of the
speaker is prohibited. Wood Floor Resource Group 2007
www.woodfloorrg.com
4. Learning Objectives Understand the goals and history of
forest certification Understand the differences between the major
forestcertification systems in North America Understand the role of
the green building movement infostering market transformation in
the forest products industry bysupporting credible and stringent
forest certification.
5. Forest Certification Sets standards for forest management
Establishes procedures for verification Labels products Connects
demand to managed forests Is officially intended to provide quality
assurance
6. Forest CertificationThe Competitive LandscapeToday several
systems compete in the U.S. and Canada Confusing!!!
7. Brief History of Forest Certification 0 2.5 5 7.5 10 No
Forest Average Forest Perfect Forest Management Management
Management SFI FSC etc.1993 FSC launched (largely by environmental
groups) toidentify and drive leadership forestry1994-95 Forest
products industry in U.S. (SFI), Canada (CSA), andEurope (PEFC)
launch competing systems in effort to co-opt FSC,defend status
quo1995 to present FSC and industry-based systems compete,driving
improvements in the latter, compromises in the former
8. Non-profit, global, HQ in Bonne, Germany (www.fsc.org)
National Initiatives, FSC US in DC (www.fscus.org) Origins: mostly
ENGOs, the most progressive forest products companies, UK retailers
Forest Stewardship Council WWF, Collins Companies, EcoTimber,
B&QCurrent drivers: LEED, corporate purchasing policies, ENGO
support andpressure
9. Currently governed by DC non-profit SFB (www.aboutsfi.org)
Part of PEFC, European-based, global through mutual recognition
(www.pefc.org) Origins: AF&PA and its member companies
Weyerhaeuser, International Paper, GP, LP, Boise Cascade,
etc.Current drivers: AF&PA and its member companies, some
governmentpurchasing programs, Green Globes CPET
10. Program of Canadian Standards Association
(www.csa-international.org) Non-profit HQd in Toronto Also part of
PEFC Origins: Canadian forest industry and trade associations
Interfor, MacMillan Bloedel, Canadian Wood Council, etc.Current
drivers: Canadian forest industry, some government
purchasingprograms, Green Globes
11. Comparing FSC & SFI/CSA/etc.Lots of comparisons have
been done over the yearsMost current: Yale Report for
USGBChttp://www.yale.edu/forestcertification/usgbc.htm EEM Inc
Report http://www.marketsinitiative.org/resourcesWebsites:
www.woodfloorrg.com www.metafore.org www.dontbuysfi.com
12. Comparing FSC & SFI/CSA/etc. FSC SFI CSA Prohibits the
use of Yes No No genetically modified trees Prevents the conversion
of Yes No No natural forest to plantations (with a few exceptions)
Annual Allowable Cut per 0.43 m3/ha 1.27 m3/ha 0.75 m3/ha hectare
(2.47 acres) Maximum clearcut size Regional Regulatory limits
Provincial standards established by regulatory (Pacific Region
state or requirements must be met provincial law (BC province 40
acres max. (120 acres max. 100 acres avg. avg., WA state max. Coast
& Natural forest 240 acres max. S. interior; 60 acres max. BC
province 150 acres max. Plantation See CSA) N. & S. Interior)
80 acres max.)
13. Comparing FSC & SFI/CSA/etc. FSC SFI CSA Pesticides
Promotes non- Standard calls Has a public chemical for minimizing
participation methods of chemical use process pest required to
where management, achieve pesticide use includes management may be
parameters on objectives, addressed, prohibited local laws local
pesticides apply regulations High Conservation Value Prescribes No
explicit Conserve Forest precautionary protection of ecosystem
approach. old growth. diversity at the Regional Manage landscape
standards add lands of level. detail. ecologic significance in a
manner that recognizes their special qualities.
14. Comparing FSC & SFI/CSA/etc. FSC SFI CSA Labeling and
FSC 100% label 100% of the fiber CSA 100% label Chain of Custody
FSC Mixed Sources comes from SFI Minimum 70% label certified
forests Content from a (non-certified At least x% of the fiber
comes from SFI Certified Forest component certified forests label
controlled) FSC recycled label 100% Recovered fiber Illegal wood No
illegally logged No harvest in No harvest in wood allowed. Risk
protected areas protected areas Registry under (e.g. parks) (e.g.
parks) development. Governance Board and SFB governs; Technical
committee membership members include determines standard; divided
into Social, representatives members include industry government,
Environmental, and from industry, academia, general Economic
academia, some interests chambers conservation NGOs
15. Comparing FSC & SFI/CSA/etc. FSC SFI CSA Total land
area covered 225 million 128 million 183 million worldwide by
certifications acres acres acres (August 2007) Scope of application
Worldwide US & Canada Canada Key supporters Many large Major US
Sectors of the international forest industry Canadian ENGOs to the
companies forest industry exclusion of and trade other systems.
Growing associations industry and market support Key detractors
Major US and Rejected as Numerous Canadian lately as NGOs claim
forest October 2005 standard needs companies by key improvement and
their trade conservation associations NGOs
16. Who are the Players in FSC Certification? Forest
Stewardship Council The Forest Stewardship Council Sets standards,
accredits certifiers Accredited 3rd-Party Certifiers SmartWood,
Scientific Certification Systems, SGS, WoodMark, Silva Forest
Foundation, and others perform audits and issue certificates
Certified companies and their products
17. FSC Certified Forests in North America FSC Certified
Forests North America: 21.01M acres North America: 70 Mha 2
Countries % of global total: 31.23% 126 certificates % of of June
2007) (as global total certified area: 30.85%
18. Rate of increase of FSC endorsed forest over time (Jun 97
Jun 07) 90,000,000 80,000,000 70,000,000 Tropical/Sub-tropicalFSC
certified area in ha 60,000,000 Temperate 50,000,000 Boreal
40,000,000 30,000,000 20,000,000 10,000,000 0 Ju 02 Ju 01 J u 97 Ju
98 J u 99 J u 00 J u 03 Ju 04 J u 05 Ju 06 D 97 D 98 D 99 D 00 D 01
D 02 D 03 D 04 D 06 07 D 05 - - - - - - - - - - n- n- n- n- n- n-
n- n- n- n- n- ec ec ec ec ec ec ec ec ec ec JuAs of June 2007
FSC22.5 M acres in US; 225 M acres globally (Texas * 1.5; Alaska *
.5) in 886 sites in 76countries.
19. FSC and LEED About 30% of LEED projects have achieved MR 7
The ForestStewardship Council
20. Certified Wood and LEED: Framing the Issues 0 2.5 5 7.5 10
No Forest Average Forest Perfect ForestManagement Management
Management Quality of Forest Management 03 on the quality scale
Illegal cut-and-run logging forest mining no management or
replanting Forest conversion to agriculture, cattle pasture, or
semi-desert
21. Is Illegal logging a Real Problem? You Bet It Is! Eastern
Europe Estonia 50% of production Latvia 20% of production Russia
15-60% of production 15-50% of exports Africa Cameroon 30-65% of
production Equatorial Guinea 30% of production Gabon 30% of
production Ghana 30-50% of production Liberia 30-100% of production
Source: WWFs Keep It Legal Guide
22. E & SE Asia China 30-50% of production 30-32% of export
products Malaysia 5% of production 70% of log imports Indonesia
60-80% of production 55% of plywood exports 100% of log exports
Papua New Guinea 20% of production 65% of log exportsLatin America
Brazil 15-37% of production Ecuador 70% of production Peru 70-90%
of production > 90% of exports (mahogany)
23. Illegal logging = Road Building
24. Roads = Colonization
25. Colonization = Slash and Burn = Deforestation
26. The Result
27. Tropical Deforestation, Global Warming, and USGBCs
Carbon-Neutrality GoalsGlobal Canopy Programme Report (May 2007)
Burning of tropical forests #2 source of CO2 emissions Daily
emissions equivalent of flying 7 million people from London to New
YorkIf were serious about tackling climate change, itsnot enough to
build energy-efficient, green-powered buildings we also need to
combatillegal logging and the burning of tropical forests
28. Certified Wood and LEED: Framing the Issues 0 2.5 5 7.5 10
No Forest Average Forest Perfect ForestManagement Management
Management Quality of Forest Management 3-7 on the quality scale
Legal industrial forestry (e.g. SFI, CSA, etc.) Driven largely by
short-term profit objectives Tree farms converting ecosystems into
monocultures Heavy reliance on chemicals herbicides and fertilizers
Log and flog clear the forest, sell the land for real estate
development Little regard for biodiversity or high-conservation
value forests (outside of parks)
29. Large-scale conversion of natural forests to monoculture
tree farms is NOT sustainable Large-scale clear-cutting of natural
forest generally means: Habitat destruction Soil erosion Damage to
rivers, streams Loss of biodiversity Reduced wood quality Loss of
recreational value
30. SFI certified logging, SWWashington, 2006
31. SFI certified logging, Vancouver Island SFI certified
logging, Oregon Coast Range
34. Certified Wood and LEED: Framing the Issues 0 2.5 5 7.5 10
No Forest Average Forest Perfect ForestManagement Management
Management Quality of Forest Management 7-10 on the quality scale
Leadership forestry Triple bottom line Long-term tenure &
management plans Natural forests managed to preserve ecosystem
values and environmental services Plantation management preserves
soil and water quality, limits chemical use Plantations complement
rather than replace natural forests
35. LEED-Driven Market Transformationof the Forest Products
Industry Industrial forestry LEED SFI, CSA, PEFC Illegal logging
FSC forestry 0 2.5 5 7.5 10 No Forest Average Forest Perfect Forest
Management Management Management
36. A risingA rising sea liftssea boats all liftsall boats B o
i se International Paper Forest Management Weyerhaeuser
SeaSFI/CSA/PEFC etc
37. Basic Principles1) Forests are crucial for global
environmental health andsustainability reservoirs of biodiversity
and providers ofenvironmental services2) A leadership standard in
green building should protectforests by only rewarding a leadership
standard in forestmanagement3) No illegal wood belongs on a green
building project,and the green building movement should actively
combatillegal logging to help stem tropical deforestation4)
Sustainable is more important than renewable; all
bio-basedmaterials should be sustainably produced
38. Recommendations to USGBC1) LEED should continue to reward
only FSC or its equivalent FSC 2 points, SFI 1 point is not a
solution -- undermines market transformation, 15 years of progress
in forest certification Establish the benchmark for what
constitutes FSC equivalency, review periodically2) LEED should
continue to treat wood separately from other bio-based materials
Forests are special Most other bio-based materials are agricultural
products3) A new LEED prerequisite should require that all wood
used onLEED projects be legal Wood from high-risk regions should
have to be verified legal in order to be used on LEED projects
SFI/CSA/PEFC have weaknesses in their labeling and chain of custody
requirements, but if addressed their labels = products of legal
industrial forestry and could satisfy prerequisite4) All bio-based
materials should have to meet minimumsustainability standards to be
rewarded by LEED MR 6 currently rewards rapidly renewable
materials, but from a sustainability standpoint, rapid growth
matters little All bio-based materials should be held to standards
that address sustainability
39. Get Involved!If you support our recommendations:1) Visit
www.workingforests.com andwww.credibleforestcertification.org for
more info2) Spread the word to your local USGBC chapter colleagues
andleadership3) Voice your opinion to the USGBC leaders decidingthe
future of the wood credit: Nadav Malin, MR TAG Chair
[email protected] Rick Fedrizzi, USGBC CEO
[email protected]) Stay in touch with us as we track the process
Terry Campbell [email protected] Jason Grant
[email protected]