Five Factors Affecting Leaning Language

Strategies

Prepared by : Nik Siti Maisarah Binti Abd Rahman

A143827

Prepared for : Prof. Dr. Mohamed Amin Embi

AND THE FACTORS ARE :

Intelligence

Aptitude

Personality

Motivation and Attitude

Learning Styles

INTELLIGENCEReferring to performance on certain kinds of tests.

IQ scores were a good means of predicting success in LLS which involves analysis and rule learning.

May play a less important role in classrooms where the focus on communication and interaction.

APTITUDE

Special abilities to learn quickly.

Aptitude components ; i) identify and memorize new sounds, ii) understand function of words, iii) figure out grammatical rules , iv) memory for new words

Learner’s strengths and weaknesses in these different components may account for their ability to succeed in different type of instructional programs.

PERSONALITY(BY ASHWAQ AL-HARBI)

There are numbers of personality traits that have been proposed as likely to effect LLS and they are ;

a. Anxiety

b. Extroversion

c. Inhibition, etc …

a. Anxiety

Refers to learners’ feelings of worry and stress when learning language strategies.

Based on researches, it is dynamic and dependent on situations or circumstances.

However, it has been argued that not all anxiety is bad and certain amount of tension can have positive effect and even facilitate learning. For example, a learner’s willingness to communicate has been related to anxiety.

b. Extroversion

This kind of trait is well suited to language learning.

On the other hand, researches are not entirely agree on this ;-

a. Some studies have found that success in language learning is correlated with learners’ scores on questionnaires measuring characteristics associated with extroversion such as assertiveness and adventurousness.

b. While some found that many successful language learners do no get high scores on measure of extroversion.

c. Inhibition

Discourage risk-taking which is necessary for progress in language learning.

A problem for adolescents who are more self-conscious than younger learners.

Alexander Guiora : inhibition is a negative force at least for second language pronounciation perfomance.

MOTIVATION AND ATTITUDE

Motivation can be defined in two factors :

a. Learners’ communicative needs

b. Learners’ attitude to LLS

MOTIVATION IN THE CLASSROOM

Levels of motivation in relation to pedagogical practices :

a. Motivating students into the lesson

b. Varying the activities, tasks and materials

c. Using cooperative rather than competitive goals

LEARNING STYLES

Learning style is an individual’s habits or pattern in acquiring and processing information in learning situations.

There are three main learning styles which are ;

a. Visual learners ; sight

b. Auditory learners ; hearing

c. Kinesthetic learners ; physical action

Visual Learners

Prefer information in graphic such as pictures , diagrams , demonstrations.

Benefit from using charts, maps, notes, and flash cards when studying.

Auditory Learners

Prefer to hear information spoken.

May read aloud to themselves.

Playing background music while studying.

Often avoid eye contact in order to concentrate.

Kinesthetic LearnersUsing physical as primary mode for taking information.

Prefer writing when collecting important facts.

Role-playing helps to study and remember better.

Creating study sheet connected to vivid examples.