Factual WritingAlice Rose

Instruction Manual

Illustrations and diagrams:The diagrams are clear and concise, they help the reader understand the text in a visual way. This diagram is not intended for artistic merit as it is meant to represent the product you get with the instruction manual and there is also no mention of the person who designed it. There is also no colour as these instruction manuals are mass-produced on a large scale so need to be as cheap as possible.

Typography:The headings are in bold to draw attention to them as they are the things you first read on the page. The numbers are also dropped and in bold to clearly split the different instructions up and make it more readable.They have used a sans-serif font as this creates a clean and intuitive reading process.Communication:To avoid ambiguity, they use instructional verbs such as “press” to directly tell the reader what to do which makes the text clearer. They also write as if they are talking directly to the reader to make it easier for them to process. They use as few words as possible by cutting out prepositions. For example, “As back wheels rotate “Flame” also rotates.” This is to be as concise as possible. This therefore creates a formal register.

LeafletIllustrations and diagrams:The images they have chosen for the front page of the leaflet are to illustrate parts of the museum and help show the reader what to expect when they visit. The designers also use their logo twice on the leaflet, on the front and on the inside to show strong branding and so that logo hopefully sticks in the readers mind. The diagram of where the museum is located has a functional purpose as it is a map and therefore is simplified rather than an accurate aerial view of the city, as that would make it harder for the reader to interpret the map.

Typography:The headings are in a serif font to make the font suit the purpose; this is a leaflet for a museum and therefore will have an older style. The ‘and’ also has a stylised look which used to feature on old signs. In contrast, the main body of text is in a sans-serif font to make it easier to read, the headings are in a different colour and in bold to help split up the text. The quote which is featured on the front page is written in a serif font to make it look like it has been written, it adds an authentic look.

LeafletCommunication:There is only a couple of lines maximum under each heading to keep the text concise. To avoid ambiguity, they have included information about all the services they offer, with the opportunity to get in touch for more info if needed. This text is also written in a formal register.Bias:Arguably this leaflet will be slightly biased as its purpose is to promote the museum and make you want to go to it. However, it is expected from this type of media and is also needed to be able to achieve this.

Factual JournalismIllustrations and diagrams:There are none shown in this article as it is not typical of a newspaper article to include these. Pictures:The image that is shown is used to help illustrate the text and also shock the audience as the image is full of things that are meant to scare people on Halloween. Typography:The heading uses a serif font to add a formal tone to the piece, the font is used throughout the text to show continuity and key words are labelled in blue to make them stand out. This font is associated with the ABC1 audience as it looks more intelligent than other fonts.

Communication:They keep a formal register throughout as the audience it is aimed at would expect this topic to be reported in a serious manner. The facts must be clear and easily understood to avoid ambiguity as this would be important for this type of newspaper (the Guardian) as they would prefer to be seen as unbiased in this article, especially as it represents no political views. The sources must be backed up in factual writing and when referencing other cases, it is hyperlinked to another article, therefore making this viable. There isn’t any evidence of argument because the aim of this article is not to

How To GuideIllustrations and diagrams:The diagrams are representative of the things needed to achieve this to be as clear as possible to explain the text. They have used a real image for the last step to show what the end result looks like as a diagram would not show the full extent of what the product looks like.

Typography:The font is a sans serif font to make it easy and simple to read and it is kept in black and white for the same reason. The numbers are larger to make it clear which instruction to follow next. Communication:They keep a formal register and use as little words as possible to be concise and also use instructional verbs such as “add” to tell the reader what to do.