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CS 901 #7718 | TIA Chapter 3 | Kim
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Chapter 3 – Using the Internet
Making the Most of the Web’s Resources
The Internet and How It Works What is Internet ?
The origin of the Internet How the Internet works
Communicating and Collaborating on the Web What is Social Networking ?
Web 2.0
Web Entertainment
Conducting Business over the Internet What is E-Commerce ?
Accessing and Moving Around the Internet Web Brower
URL Hyperlinks
Searching the Web Effectively Search Engines
Contents
The Internet is the largest computer network in the world, connecting millions of computers.
A world-wide network of computers allows people to share information electronically.
Government and military officials developed the early Internet as a reliable way to communicate in the event of war. Eventually, scien-tists and educators used the Internet to exchange research.
A network of networks, joining many government, university and private computers together and providing an infrastructure for the use of E-mail, bulletin boards, file archives, hypertext documents, databases and other computational resources.
The Internet and How It Works
What is Internet ?
The usage of Internet
Apply for jobs or schools
Fill out government forms
Check bank accounts
Communicate with family, friends
and co-workers
Do research
Learn new skills
Read news
Watch videos
The Internet and How It Works
What is Internet ?
Evolved from Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET). In 1969 ARPANET was born on. First named as ARPANET. This is renamed as INTERNET
Vinton Cerf : Father of Internet, Co-designer of the TCP/IP networking
protocol.
4 nodes were inter-connected: UCLA,SRI,UCSB, U. of Utah
Charley Kline from UCLA sent 1st packet.
The Internet and How It Works
The origin of the Internet
Data Travel A computer (or other device) connected to the Internet acts
as either a client (a computer that asks for information) or a server (a computer that receives the request and returns the information to the client).
Data travels between clients and servers along a system of communication lines or pathways. The largest and fastest of these pathways is the Internet backbone.
To ensure that data is sent to the correct computer along the pathways, IP addresses (unique ID numbers) are assigned to all computers connected to the Internet.
The Internet and How It Works
How the Internet Works
Data Travel : Client and Server Network
The Internet and How It Works
How the Internet Works
Internet Protocol (IP) address How computers connected to the Internet identify each other Websites are assigned unique IP addresses
The Internet and How It Works
How the Internet Works
WWW (World Wide Web) WWW (World Wide Web) is subset of the Internet Common protocols enable computers to talk to each other Most important service provided by Internet. An internet-based hypermedia initiative for global information sharing. Developed in 1989 by Tim Berners-Lee of the European Particle Physics
Lab (CERN) in Switzerland.
◦ Tim Berners-Lee • Father of W W W and the inventor of HTML.• Invented W W W while working at CERN, the European Particle Physics Labora-
tory.
The Internet and How It Works
How the Internet Works
Three main ways to connect to the Internet
Dial-Up All you need is a computer, phone-line and Internet Service Provider! (ISP) Not as fast as other Internet connections, but often more affordable
High Speed/DSL Travels through fiber-optic cables underground Needs to be connected by a Modem to your computer• Modem: A hub that connects the computer to the Internet
Faster than Dial-up
Wireless Connection (Wi-Fi) Your computer must be a “Wireless enabled” device Your computer can pick up signals from different wireless networks Some networks require passwords or a subscription, others are free
The Internet and How It Works
How the Internet Works
Social Networking is the use of communities to engage with others: Face-book, MySpace, LinkedIn, Twitter.
Social Networking sites often include social media tools to facilitate the in-teraction and conversation
A social network is a map of the relationships between individuals, indicat-ing the ways in which they are connected through various social familiarit-ies ranging from casual acquaintance to close familial bonds." Wikipedia
Social Networking
What is Social Networking?
Friendship
• Keeping in Touch
• Developing new relation-ships
Sharing
• Photos• Links• Interests
Community
• Causes• Beliefs• Advocacy
Communicating and Collaborating on the Web
What is Social Networking?
Social networking sites typically let users develop a list of friends. You can explore your friends' buddy lists and find people with similar in-
terests. You can perform a number of online activities: blogging, media-sharing,
commenting, testimonials. You can personalize your 'space' easily using themes and widgets to make
it look different from other people's.
Seven Social Networking Statistics
77% of Fortune Global 100 Companies Use Twitter
70% of Local Businesses Use Facebook For Marketing
One in every nine people on Earth is on Facebook
People spend 700 billion minutes per month on Facebook
Each Facebook user spends on average 15 hours and 33 minutes a month on the
site
More than 250 million people access Facebook through their mobile devices
It’s no longer a question about whether you use Social Media , but how well
you do it
Communicating and Collaborating on the Web
What is Social Networking?
Web 2.0 can be described as the social web, in which the user is also a participant. Before Web 2.0 technologies were
in place, we were only able to be passive users of the web.
Web 2.0 is a term often applied to a perceived ongoing transition of the World Wide Web from a collection of websites to a full-fledged computing platform serving web applications to end users. Ultimately Web 2.0 ser-vices are expected to replace desktop computing applications for many purposes.“ Wikipedia
Examples of Web 2.0 technologies include social networking sites, blogs, wikis, podcasts, and webcasts. Social networking sites enable you to communicate and share information with friends as well as meet and con-nect with others.
Communicating and Collaborating on the Web
Web 2.0
Blogs are journal entries posted to the web that are gener-ally organized by a topic or area of interest and are publicly available. Generally, one person writes the blog, and others can comment on the journal entries.
Video logs are personal journals that use video as the pri-mary content in addition to text, images, and audio.
Wikis are a type of website that allows users to collaborate on content—adding, removing, or editing it. A Wiki is a website that allows users to change content Wikipedia uses wiki technology so content can be updated continually Google Docs has wiki-like features
Communicating and Collaborating on the Web
Web 2.0
Webcasts are broadcasts of audio or video content over the Internet. Most webcasts are distributed in “real time,” un-like podcasts that are usually pre-recorded and made available for download.
Podcasts are audio or video content that is avail-able over the Internet. Users subscribe to receive updates to podcasts.
Communicating and Collaborating on the Web
Web 2.0
Multimedia is anything that involves one or more forms of me-dia in addition to text, such as graphics, audio, and video clips.
Sometimes you need a special software program called a plug-in (or player) to view and hear multimedia files. Plug-ins are often installed in new computers or are offered free of charge at manufacturers’ websites.
Web Entertainment
Web Entertainment
E-commerce or electronic commerce is the process of conducting business online.
Because more business than ever before is conducted online, numerous safeguards have been put in place to ensure that transactions are pro-tected. Some important safeguards to keep in mind include looking for in-dicators that the website is secure, shopping at well-known, reputable sites, and avoiding making on line transactions on public computers.
Conducting Business over the Internet
What is E-Commerce ?
19
Types of E-Commerce
Business-to-consumer e-commerce (B2C)
Connects individual consumers with sellers , cutting out the middleman
E.g. Amazon.com
Business-to-business e-commerce (B2B)
Supports business transactions on across private networks, the Internet, and the Web
E.g. Tpn.com
Consumer-to-consumer e-commerce (C2C)
Connects individual sellers with people shopping for used items
E.g. ebay.com
Conducting Business over the Internet
What is E-Commerce ?
20
Top 10 e-commerce developments of the last decade
Conducting Business over the Internet
What is E-Commerce ?
Once you're connected to the Internet, in order to locate, navigate to, and view web pages, you need to install special software called a web browser on your system.
The most common web browsers are In-ternet Explorer, Firefox, Google Chrome, and Safari.
Safari: for Apples/Macintosh
Internet Explorer: for Windows only
Google Chrome: created by Google
Mozilla Firefox: works on Mac & PC
Accessing and Moving Around the Internet
Web Browser
You gain access to a website by typing in its address, called a Uniform Resource
Locator (URL).
A URL is composed of several parts, including the protocol, the domain, the top-level domain, and paths (or subdirectories).
Sample URL’s (or Internet Addresses)
Accessing and Moving Around the Internet
URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
Internet Address or URL Global Domains
http://www.angelfire.com commercial site
http://www.msstate.edu educational site
http://www.intop.net network organization
http://www.navy.mil military
http://www.____.org not for profit organization
http://www.____.gov gov. agency,dept.
One unique aspect of the web is that you can jump from place to place by clicking on specially formatted pieces of text or images called hyperlinks.
You can also use the Back and Forward buttons, History lists, breadcrumb trails, and Favorites or Bookmarks to navigate the web.
Favorites, live bookmarks, and social bookmarking help you return to specific web pages without having to type in the URL and help you orga-nize the web content that is most important to you.
HTTP : Hypertext Transfer Protocol : Hyper Text Markup Lan-
guage
A special language or code used to design and publish documents on the Web
Accessing and Moving Around the Internet
Hyperlinks
A search engine is a set of programs that searches the web using specific keywords you wish to query and then returns a list of the websites on which those keywords are found.
Search engines can be used to search for images, podcasts, and videos in addition to traditional text based web content.
A subject directory is a structured outline of websites organized by topic and subtopic. Metasearch engines search other search engines.
Searching the Web Effectively
Search Engines
Not all websites are equal, and some are better sources for research than others. To evaluate whether it is appropriate to use a website as are source, determine whether the author of the site is reputable and whether the site is intended for your particular needs.
In addition, make sure that the site content is not biased, the informa-
tion on the site is current, and all the links on the site are available and appropriate. If multiple sites offer the same content, this is an-other indication that the information is accurate.
Purpose of Search Engines Helping people find what they’re looking for
Starts with an “information need” Convert to a query Gets results
Searching the Web Effectively
Search Engines