Review

Eating cheese before bed gives you nightmares.

http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4851485

Study: Eating Cheese Can Alter Your Dreams

200 volunteers

20 g of cheese 30 min before bed

72% slept well67% remembered dreams

What are theindependentand dependentvariables?

What are theproblems withthis study?

Comparedto what?

The Placebo Effect

Evolution

14.1 - 14.5

2.1 - 2.5

Deep Time

Formationof the Earth

4,540,000,000years ago

First Signsof Life

3,850,000,000years ago

Modern Humans Emerge

100,000 years ago

If one billion yearsis represented as one meter, what is the corresponding length for how long modern humanshave been around(100,000 years)?

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/change/deeptime/

Darwin’s Voyage

GalápagosBBC, 2006

Evolution

“the change that occursin organisms’ characteristicsthrough time.”

http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/home.php

Selection

GalápagosBBC, 2006

Adaptive Radiation

“The phenomenon by which a cluster of species changeas they occupy a seriesof different habitats within a region...”

Niche

The Silversword Alliance

Artificial Selection

Dog breeding

Agriculture

livestock production based on 15 mammal and bird species

food supply based on 12 plant species

ThePost CarbonReader

90%75%

Inadvertent Selection?

Peppered Moth

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peppered_moth_evolution

Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria

Pesticide-ResistantInsects