Initial CariousMild Fluorosis enamelenamelPositionDemineralization, a small "white spot" has been formed ,without forming cavity, the surface is still hard.

.White opaque areas on the surface are more extensive but still affect less than 50% of the surface.its range from tiny white specks or streaks that may

be unnoticeable to dark brown stains and rough, pitted enamel that is difficult to clean. Teeth that are unaffected by fluorosis are smooth and glossy. They

should also be a pale creamy white

Surface

Dental caries is caused by a disturbance in the balance of demineralization and remineralization of the teeth. According to Koenig (1971), 4 factors interact in the development of caries. These must come together at the same time in order to initiate the disease: Substance (= tooth) ، Cariogenic microorganisms (= bacteria) ، Substrate (= Carbohydrate) ، Time.

A major cause of fluorosis the inappropriate use of fluoride-containing dental products such as toothpaste and mouth rinses. Sometimes, children enjoy the taste of fluoridated toothpaste so much that they swallow it instead of spitting it out.

But other things can cause fluorosis. For example, taking a higher-than-prescribed amount of a fluoride supplement during early childhood can cause it. So can taking a fluoride supplement when fluoridated drinking water or fluoride-fortified fruit juices and soft drink already provide the right amount.

Causes

Primary diagnosis involves inspection of all visible tooth surfaces using a good light source, dental mirror and explorer.

The traditional criteria (the “Dean Index“) for diagnosing dental fluorosis“-Thylstrup-Fejerskov Index (“TF Index”) and the “Tooth Surface Index of

Fluorosis” (“TSIF“).

Examination

caries are only located in the dental enamel, they can still be treated without any drilling.

In many cases, fluorosis is so mild that no treatment is needed. Or, it may only affect the back teeth where it can’t be seen.The appearance of teeth affected by moderate-to-severe fluorosis can be significantly improved by a variety of techniques. Most of them are aimed at masking the stains. Such techniques may include:

Tooth whitening and other procedures to remove surface stains Bonding, which coats the tooth with a hard resin that bonds to the

enamel Crowns Veneers, which are custom-made shells that cover the front of the

teeth to improve their appearance.

Treatment

Ghadeer Hassan Suwaimil

Differences Between Initial Carious Lesion And Mild

Ghadeer Hassan Suwaimil